Differences between ethylene emission characteristics of tomato cultivars in tomato production at plant factory

Increasing fruit yield and quality of tomatoes under organic low-input conditions remains a challenge for producers and breeders. Therefore, it is necessary to identify superior tomato cultivars that are suitable for production and use as parents in breeding programmes. In the present study, the variations in plant morphology and fruit quality characteristics of tomato cultivars were assessed to reveal the traits associated with improved yield and fruit quality. Sixty diverse tomato cultivars were screened in 2015, and in 2016, a subset of 20 cultivars was selected for further evaluation under organic low-input conditions. The results showed high variability among cultivars in all 28 traits that were observed. Salad cultivars had lower plant growth and fruit quality (minerals, dry matter, total soluble solids, and total phenolics) by 10–70%, but they displayed 10–60% higher fruit yield and leaf minerals than cocktail cultivars. Salad tomato cultivars with superior yield and harvest index were mainly derived from breeding for intensive indoor production. Cocktail cultivars with superior yield were mainly derived from organic and outdoor breeding programs. There was a trade-off between fruit yield and quality, indicating a challenge for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality. The importance of Mg was highlighted because of its contribution to the fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality. Cultivars superior in one trait or trait combination under organic low-input conditions were identified to be used by producers and breeders as superior cultivars to meet their production targets and breeding objectives. The importance of Mg provides a novel path for further research on improving soil-available Mg in organic tomato production to enhance fruit mineral concentration and fruit quality in general.

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Tomato Production Influenced by Variety, Irrigation and Organic Fertilization

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Horticulture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2018.0037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 72

Author(s):

Carmen INCULET ◽

Madalina DACHI ◽

Ana GAFINCU ◽

Mirabela GACHE ◽

Gabriel Ciprian TELIBAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Water Quantity ◽

Economic Sustainability ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

The World ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Control Version

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most cultivated crops in the world, offering many opportunities for research and marketing also. High productions, in conditions of economic sustainability and assured food safety, can only be achieved through the rational use of cultivation technologies, irrigation, fertilization and use of some cultivars with potential genetically performances. To achieve this goal, the present experiment focused on studying the influence of four tomato cultivars (Siriana F1, Minaret F1, HTP F1 and Inima de bou), in two irrigation regimes (5200 respectively 7800 m3) under chicken drops fertilizer compared with a non-fertilized control. The treatments used induced the increase of the fruit number per plant, ranging from 18 to 65%, statistically significant results (p<0.05) being obtained with the organic fertilizer on Minaret cultivar and the higher water quantity, compared to the control version. The highest production was obtained in the HTP F1 cultivars under organic fertilization and 7800 m3/ha irrigation.

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Analysis of vegetative compatibility groups in nonpathogenic populations of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from symptomless tomato roots

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b91-263 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 69 (10) ◽

pp. 2089-2094 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Karol S. Elias ◽

R. W. Schneider ◽

M. M. Lear

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Vegetative Compatibility ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽

Horticultural Traits ◽

Tomato Roots ◽

Constant State ◽

Nitrate Metabolism ◽

Tomato Cultivars

A collection of 471 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum was obtained from symptomless tomato roots of plants grown at eight locations in Louisiana. Isolates that produced nitrate metabolism mutants (317 isolates) were included in an analysis of vegetative compatibility groups. One hundred and eighty-six isolates were assigned to 48 vegetative compatibility groups (2015–2062) containing 2–15 members from one to three different collection sites. Even though each site contained sub-populations of F. oxysporum common to other sites, only about half of the vegetative compatibility groups (21 groups) contained isolates from more than one site. In addition, there were 131 isolates of F. oxysporum that formed single-member vegetative compatibility groups. This diverse population composition is probably the result of several factors, including breeding strategies for resistance to fusarium wilt and tomato production practices in Louisiana. Resistance genes and horticultural traits from several sources (Lycopersicon spp.) have been incorporated into commercial tomato cultivars currently being grown. In addition, the long growing season in Louisiana allows several tomato cultivars containing different genes for resistance to be grown consecutively in the same field in a single year. Furthermore, other vegetable crops may be alternated with the tomato crops. Thus, the selection pressures that influence the composition of the nonpathogenic populations of F. oxysporum are in a constant state of flux. Key words: Fusarium oxysporum, genetic diversity, nonpathogens, vegetative compatibility groups.

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PLANT SPACING, COLD TREATMENT, AND FLOWER VIBRATION INFLUENCE ON GREENHOUSE TOMATO PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.7.732c ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 732c-732

Author(s):

Benjamin G. Mullinix ◽

Sharad C. Phatak ◽

Janet Cooper

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Unit Area ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Fruit Number ◽

Tomato Cultivars

Six tomato cultivars [Hotset, Petra, Stella, Big-O, Tropic, & Monte Carlo (fresh market)] were grown in a greenhouse in 1979 from July through November in 3 experiments. Exp. 1: The first two cultivars were used in a 15 cm, 30 cm, or 45 cm in-row spacing with rows spaced 60 cm apart. Cumulative fruit number and weight per unit area declined with increasing in-row spacing. Exp. 2: The first four cultivars were subjected to either cold or no cold treatment during germination before transplanting. No differences were found between the two treatments for mean fruit weight or total fruit number. Exp. 3: The last two cultivars were subjected to both the cold treatment and flower vibration. Cumulative fruit weight was greater for vibrated flowers. Greater mean fruit weight occurred earlier with cold treatment and declined significantly later in season, and was more pronounced in Tropic than Monte Carlo.

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Evaluation of Grafting Using Hybrid Rootstocks for Management of Bacterial Wilt in Field Tomato Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.47.5.621 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 621-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Theodore McAvoy ◽

Joshua H. Freeman ◽

Steven L. Rideout ◽

Stephen M. Olson ◽

Mathews L. Paret

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Field Studies ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Four Seasons ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

The Impact ◽

Wilt Incidence

Seven hybrid tomato rootstocks with possible resistance to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and a known resistant cultivar were tested as grafting rootstocks to impart resistance to a bacterial wilt-susceptible cultivar, BHN 602. Greenhouse studies showed resistance of all the rootstocks to bacterial wilt. The disease incidence and yield of ‘BHN 602’ grafted to these rootstocks were evaluated in open-field tomato production in Florida and Virginia over four seasons. Significant differences in bacterial wilt incidence were observed between grafted entries in three of the four trials. In these three trials, grafted entries consistently exhibited the least bacterial wilt incidence compared with the controls; the self-graft, and non-grafted entries. Over all the trials, tomato plants grafted onto ‘Cheong Gang’, ‘BHN 1054’, and ‘BHN 998’ displayed the least bacterial wilt incidence. Rootstocks had a significant effect on total marketable yield in all the trials with certain grafted entries yielding significantly greater than non-grafted ‘BHN 602’. Field studies show that grafting holds promise for decreasing the impact of bacterial wilt on tomato cultivars as well as increasing the overall productivity of tomato cultivars.

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Yield and Disease Resistance of Six Tomato Cultivars Grown in Two Media and Three Calcium Concentrations

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.470b ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 470B-470

Author(s):

Rebecca S. Boone ◽

Carl E. Sams ◽

William S. Conway

Keyword(s):

Disease Resistance ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Calcium Content ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Calcium Treatment ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tomato Cultivars

Calcium has been linked to disease resistance in fruits and vegetables. The effects of calcium nutrition on six hydroponically grown tomato cultivars (`Switch', `Match', `Blitz', `Caruso', `Trust', and `Celebrity') were evaluated in the fall of 1996. Disease resistance and yield were measured for plants grown in either perlite or pine bark mulch. Plants were fertilized with a 5N–11P–26K water-soluble fertilizer solution containing micronutrients and either 60, 120, or 185 mg·L–1 calcium. Disease resistance was determined by measuring disease lesion diameters on mature green harvested fruit 3 to 5 days after inoculating with Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr. There was no significant difference in disease when evaluated by medium, cultivar, or calcium treatment. Foliar analysis by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer (ICAP) indicated that leaf calcium content ranged from 27,000 to 54,000 μg·g–1 dry weight (leaf above fifth flower cluster), but was not significantly different when analyzed by medium, cultivar, or calcium treatment. There was no significant difference in marketable yield due to medium or calcium treatment. Among cultivars, `Trust' had the highest marketable yield at 2.7 kg per plant, which was significantly different from `Celebrity' at 1.6 kg per plant. This experiment suggests that a cheaper medium (pine bark) and lower calcium levels can be utilized in fall tomato production.

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Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhization on Fruit Quality in Industrialized Tomato Production

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21197029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (19) ◽

pp. 7029

Author(s):

Ramona Schubert ◽

Stephanie Werner ◽

Hillary Cirka ◽

Philipp Rödel ◽

Yudelsy Tandron Moya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Hydroponic System ◽

Phosphate Fertilization ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Mycorrhizal Plants

Industrialized tomato production faces a decrease in flavors and nutritional value due to conventional breeding. Moreover, tomato production heavily relies on nitrogen and phosphate fertilization. Phosphate uptake and improvement of fruit quality by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are well-studied. We addressed the question of whether commercially used tomato cultivars grown in a hydroponic system can be mycorrhizal, leading to improved fruit quality. Tomato plants inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis were grown under different phosphate concentrations and in substrates used in industrial tomato production. Changes in fruit gene expression and metabolite levels were checked by RNAseq and metabolite determination, respectively. The tests revealed that reduction of phosphate to 80% and use of mixed substrate allow AM establishment without affecting yield. By comparing green fruits from non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal plants, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to possibly be involved in processes regulating fruit maturation and nutrition. Red fruits from mycorrhizal plants showed a trend of higher BRIX values and increased levels of carotenoids in comparison to those from non-mycorrhizal plants. Free amino acids exhibited up to four times higher levels in red fruits due to AM, showing the potential of mycorrhization to increase the nutritional value of tomatoes in industrialized production.

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Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus (ToBRFV): A Potential Threat for Tomato Production in Florida

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-pp360-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Ozgur Batuman ◽

Salih Yilmaz ◽

Pamela D. Roberts ◽

Eugene McAvoy ◽

Samuel F. Hutton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Pathology ◽

Genetic Resistance ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Potential Threat ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Pathology Department ◽

Ornamental Crops ◽

Tomato Cultivars

Tobamoviruses are mechanically transmitted plant viruses that cause severe economic damage to vegetable and ornamental crops in Florida and worldwide. While certain tomato cultivars have genetic resistance to the most common tobamoviruses, no commercial tomato cultivars are resistant to tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), a recently described tobamovirus that also infects pepper and eggplant. It is currently unknown how ToBRFV may affect tomato production in Florida. This new 5-page publication of the UF/IFAS Plant Pathology Department describes symptoms of the virus, how it is different from other tobamoviruses, and how it is transmitted, as well as what to do if you think you have ToBRFV in your field. Written by Ozgur Batuman, Salih Yilmaz, Pamela Roberts, Eugene McAvoy, Samuel Hutton, Kishore Dey, and Scott Adkins.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pp360

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A Proposed Alternative Production Regime for Cherry and Grape Tomato Using Compact Plants and Once-over Harvest

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.20.3.620 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 620-622

Author(s):

W.B. Evans ◽

V. Cerven ◽

N. Winter ◽

C.E. Coker

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

Home Garden ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Production Regime ◽

Commercial Processing ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

High Yield Potential

This report presents preliminary data and arguments supporting the investigation and possible adoption of a low-cost method of cherry and grape tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. Cherry and grape tomato crops are currently grown using indeterminate or relatively large determinate plants requiring trellising and significant hand labor at harvest. In contrast, processing tomato crops are usually determinate cultivars raised without supporting systems, and they are harvested mechanically. In Summer 2009, a Mississippi trial of home garden tomato cultivars included a compact, mounding yellow-fruited cherry tomato that produced more than 2 kg of fruit per plant in the first harvest. The architecture of the plant, high yield potential, and concentrated set indicate that there is potential to grow commercial cherry and grape tomato crops in much the same way commercial processing tomatoes are grown: unsupported on bare or mulched beds, with once-over harvest. Such a system could reduce the monetary and labor costs of production of cherry and grape tomatoes. Seed companies, tomato growers, and supporting agencies should work together to further investigate the potential of this system of cherry and grape tomato production.

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Evaluation of Four Tomato Genotypes Resistance to Root-Knot Nematode

Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research ◽

10.24017/science.2018.1.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 53-57

Author(s):

Nask Mohamad Faraj ◽

Rebin A. Qadir

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Environmental Pollution ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Human Life ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Tomato Genotypes

The root-knot nematode incited by Meloidogyne incognita is one of the top diseases affecting tomato production worldwide. Nematicides can be effectively used to control the disease, but is costly and harmful to human life and environmental pollution. Alternatively resistant cultivars can be used inexpensive and eco-friendly. Resistance evaluation of five tomato cultivars (Red Rock, King Rock, Presto F1, Super Queen and Super Regina) were tested using randomized complete block design with five replications and three nematode inoculums (0, 500 and 1500 egg/second juvenile per pot). The statistical analysis gave significant differences among the genotypes, nematode densities level with their interactions. Among genotypes, Red Rock recorded significantly highest plant height (57.0) cm, Presto F1 (37.8) cm, King Rock (35.2) cm, Super Regina (30.1) cm and Super queen showed lowest (25.4) cm. As an alternative for managing the nematodes, further experiments are required in the field for applying plant resistances.

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