scholarly journals Effects of Telfairia occidentalis (Hook F.) Methanol Leaf Extract on the Haematological Indices and Histomorphology of the Endometrium and Liver of Female Albino Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Chidozie Nwabuisi OKOYE ◽  
David OGWU ◽  
John I. IHEDIOHA ◽  
Izuchukwu S. OCHIOGU ◽  
Anietie F. UDOUMOH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Liver Tissues

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of administration of Telfairia occidentalis (Hook f.) methanol leaf extract on some hematological indices and histomorphology of the uterus and liver of female albino rats. Acute toxicity study of the extract was performed with female rats, following standard procedure. They were randomly assigned into 3 groups. The first group (A) served as the untreated control and received distilled water, while the second group (B) and third (C) received 200 and 800 mg/kg mg/kg body weight of the methanol leaf extract of T. occidentalis respectively. Administration of the extract was done daily via the oral route for 21 days. Blood was collected for hematological evaluation at weekly intervals. Hematological parameters assessed were the packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration (HB) and total white blood cell (TWBC) count. At the end of the study period uterine and liver tissues were excised and prepared for histological examination. Results showed that there was a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the mean PCV, RBC and HB values of the treatment groups, but only at the end of the second week of administration of the extract. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean total WBC throughout the duration of the study. Histological examination of uterine and liver tissues of the different groups did not show any lesions. It was concluded that the T. occidentalis leaf methanolic extract does not adversely affect the reproductive functions of the uterus.

scholarly journals Toxicological and Positive Changes in Hematological Pattern of Albino Rats Treated with Termitomyces Titanicus: Potential Valorization of an Indigenous Practice in the Treatment of Oris Cancrum (Noma) in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kenneth Yongabi Anchang ◽  
◽  
Augustine Oko ◽  
Seino Richard ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
North West ◽  
Significant Difference

A neglected disease affecting many malnourished children and immunosuppressed patients in sub Saharan Africa is noma caused mainly by Fusobacterium necrophorum. Poverty and malnutrition are highly implicated in the epidemiology, prevalence and poor management of noma. Local mushroomsof the gens Termitomyces have been used in parts of northern Nigeria and Cameroon to improve health of noma patients, but detail studies to authenticate the effect of this medicinal mushroom on specific chronic diseases such as noma remain inadequate. Blood transfusion remains one of the critical palliative care strategies to manage anemia in noma disease. The current preliminary study was undertaken to establish the effect of a strain of termitomyces titanicus mushroom, which has been used in Nigerian and Cameroonian folk medicine in Itas Gadau Local government and parts of Bauchi State and North west Region respectively for the management of anemia, using hematological parameters such as hemoglobin level, white blood cell stabilization and packed cell volume of albino rats and also to ascertain its safety for consumption using liver enzyme profiling. The results indicated that rats treated with Termitomyces titanicus had a higher hemoglobin level (12.2 g/dl) compared to a treatment with vitamin B complex (11.3 g/dl) and untreated (10.1 g/dl). A significant increase in the total white blood cell level (26300cells/mm3) was observed with rats treated with mushrooms compared with 7500 cells/mm3 for rats treated with vitamin B complex. Hematological parameters showed a significant difference amongst the test group compared with the controls group. The results further revealed that rats treated with termitomyces had a cleaner liver than with rats treated with vitamin B complex. The results authenticate the practice of using this mushroom in the local management of anemic conditions in Oris cancrum (noma) patients and other chronic disease conditions such as cancer.

scholarly journals Thyroid Dysfunction and its Effect on Red Blood Cell Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Samir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Thyroid hormones are necessary for the growth and development, cellular differentiation, physiological function and metabolic regulation of almost all tissues in our body. Thyroid disorders are accompanied by alteration in hematological profile. This study aims to evaluate the effect of thyroid dysfunction on red blood cell parameters. Materials and Methods: This case-control observational study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital (KISTMCTH), Lalitpur, Nepal from January 2021 to June 2021.Total number of recruited subjects was 248, out of which 67 were labeled as hypothyroid, 7 were hyperthyroid and 174 were euthyroid as control. Subjects for all three groups were between 16-93 years old. Thyroid hormone profile of patients was determined by Siemens ADVIA Centaur CP immunoassay analyzer and hematological parameters by automated hematology analyzer Sysmex XN-550. Results were analyzed by SPSS 21 software and a chi-square test was applied to see significant differences among the groups. Results: The mean age of all study participants was 42.08±17.27 years and female constituted 74.6% of total subjects. Analysis of the data obtained a statistically significant difference in the mean hemoglobin (p<0.001) between hypothyroid and euthyroid groups. The difference was not significant for hemoglobin (p=0.252) among hyperthyroid and euthyroid groups. There was no statistical significant difference between thyroid cases and control for MCV, MCH and MCHC. Conclusion: The current study concluded that thyroid dysfunction have a significant effect on red blood cell parameters. Hematological parameters should be evaluated in patient with thyroid dysfunction.

Reproductive Toxicity & Biomarker Response of Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus) to a Daily Dose of Local Gin (Ogogoro)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
E. Oriakpono, Obemeata ◽  
N. Gbule, Ronald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Control ◽  
The Mean

This study evaluates the effect of local gin (ogogoro) on Hepato-renal parameters such as aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, sodium, potassium, chlorine and bicarbonate, haematological parameters such as total protein, packed cell volume, red blood cell, white blood cell haemoglobin, platelet and lymphocytes and sperm count parameter. The results show that: The mean serum electrolytes were for week 1 (Na 165.0, K 5.27, Cl 99.67 and HCO3 19.67), week 2 (Na 138, K 5.77, Cl 89.67 and HCO3 20), week 3 (Na 126.67, K 3.67, Cl 87.67 and HCO3 19) and week 4 (Na 117.67, K 2.70, Cl 73.67 and HCO3 22) and showed a significant difference in Na, Cl and HCO3 only when compared with the average control at (P<0.05), AST had a mean of 30.0 in week 1 which increased to 45.0 in week 4 while ALT had a mean of 15.0 in week 1 and increased to 30.67 in week 4. The mean serum protein reduced from 51.15 in week 1 to 42.53 in week 4 with significant difference (P<0.05). Mean PCV reduced from 36.0 in week 1 to 24.40 in week 4, Hb from 12.07 in week 1 to 8.80 in week 4 with a significant difference (P<0.05) when comparing the test with the average control, WBC from 6.17 in week 1 to 5.40 in week 4, Platelet increased from a mean of 255 on week 1 to 683 on week 4 with significant difference (P<0.05), RBC had a mean of 5.27 in week 1 and 5.25 on week 4 with no significant difference (P>0.05). Lymphocyte reduced from a mean of 69.0 week 1 to 45.50 in week 4 but when the test was compared with the average control it had a significant difference (P<0.05). While the mean sperm count was 275 in week 1 and 325 in week 4. These investigations demonstrated that local gin changes blood parameters which could lead to anaemia in mammals when constantly taken and also cause a detrimental effect on sperm count which could cause infertility in males as well as kidney and liver disease.

scholarly journals Determination of the inorganic composition and short term effect of aqueous extracts of root, pod, and stem of Telfairia occidentalis on some hematological parameters in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Enyinnaya A Ogbonnaya ◽  
Patrick O Uadia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Inorganic Composition ◽  
Wbc Count

Aims and Objectives: This study is to investigate the inorganic composition and the effect of fourteen (14) -day oral administration of aqueous extracts of root, pod and stem of Telfairia occidentalis in rats.Materials and Methods: Plant samples were analyzed for K, P, Mg, Ca, S, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Wister rats of both sexes were assigned to sixteen (16) groups of 4 animals per group. Different animal groups received distilled water and   root, stem, and pod extracts at the doses of 250, 750, 1500, 2250, and 3000mg/kg of body weight. All animals were treated for 14 days and sacrificed on the 15th day.Results: The inorganic composition result showed that potassium (K) was the highest in abundance in all the samples (root, pod, and stem), compared to the other mineral elements. The root contained high levels of potassium and manganese; the stem had magnesium, manganese and iron while the pod contained high amount of potassium, manganese and iron. Hematological assay results showed reduction in the values of white blood cell (WBC) count for higher doses of root extract and all doses (except for 1500mg/kg bw) of pod extract. Platelet count (PLT) was significantly high for root extract at 750mg/kg bw. The stem extract showed a consistent decrease in the red blood cell (RBC) count for all dose administered.Conclusion: Telfairia occidentalis root, pod, and stem may be a good source of inorganic elements. The extracts have varying effects on hematological parameters which may be dosage- and duration- dependent.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 75-80

scholarly journals Blood Donation in Nigeria: Standard of the Donated Blood

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 094-097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nwogoh Benedict ◽  
Awodu Omolade Augustina ◽  
Bazuaye Godwin Nosakhare
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective was to determine the basic hematological parameters of remunerated blood donors in Benin City and to compare them with those of voluntary donors. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary health facility in Benin City. Pretransfusion samples were obtained from blood bags after gentle mixing and analyzed for hematological parameters. Samples were analyzed using the hematology autoanalyzer MODEL SYSMEX KN21. Result: A total of 215 samples were obtained comprising 160 remunerated (paid) and 55 voluntary donor samples. In the paid donors, the mean hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) 7.7±2.9 and 28.8±8.5 respectively. This was significantly lower than those of voluntary donors who had 13.9±1.2 and 42.2±3.3 with P < 0.001. The mean values of the red cell counts (RBC), white cell counts (WBC), mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly lower in paid donors as P-values were <0.001. MCV was significantly low but not compared to the other parameters as P=0.04. There was no significant difference in the platelet count. Conclusion: Paid donors in Benin City have significantly lower hematological parameters than controls.

scholarly journals Hematological profiles of visceral leishmaniasis patients before and after treatment of anti-leishmanial drugs at University of Gondar Hospital; Leishmania Research and Treatment Center Northwest, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Shiferaw ◽  
Fadil Murad ◽  
Mitikie Tigabie ◽  
Mareye Abebaw ◽  
Tadele Alemu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Visceral leshimaniasis is a parasitic disease characterized by systemic infection of phagocytic cells and an intense inflammatory response. The progression of the disease or treatment may have an effect on hematological parameters of these patients'. Thus, the current study sought to compare the hematological profiles of visceral leishmaniasis patients before and after treatment with anti-leishmaniasis drugs. Method An institutional-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among visceral leishmaniasis patients admitted to the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized referral hospital leishmaniasis research and treatment centre between September 2013 and August 2018. Hematological profiles were extracted from the laboratory registration book before and after treatment. Data were entered to Epi-info and exported to SPSS for analysis. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequency and percentage to present with the table. The mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range were used to present the data. Furthermore, using the paired t-test and the Wilcoxon Signed rank test, the mean difference for normally and non-normally distributed data was compared. Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis were used to describe the relationship between hematological parameters and various variables. A P value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result With the exception of the absolute neutrophil count, all post-treatment hematological parameters show a significant increase when compared to pre-treatment levels. Prior to treatment, the prevalence of anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia was 85.5, 83.4, and 75.8%, respectively, whereas it was 58.3, 38.2, and 19.2% following treatment. Furthermore, parasite load was found to have a statistically significant negative correlation with hematological profiles, specifically with white blood cell and red blood cell parameters. Conclusion According to our findings, patients with visceral leishmaniasis had improved hematological profiles after treatment. The effect of treatment on parasite proliferation and concentration within visceral organs, in which the parasite load could directly affect the patient's hematological profiles, may be associated with the change in hematological profiles.

scholarly journals Hepatotoxic and Nephrotoxic Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Scoparia Dulcis (Linn) in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Olubodun A. Adebiyi ◽  
Danladi A. Ameh ◽  
Elewechi Onyike ◽  
Dorcas B. James
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
G Ratio

Scoparia dulcis (Linn) is a widespread herbal medicine; it bears an enormous number of pharmacological activities. The present study was undertaken to find out the chronic toxicity profile of oral administration of Scoparia dulcis ethanol leaf extract (SDELE) on the liver and the kidney of wistar rats. The animals were grouped into four and administered varying doses of SDELE (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg body weight and 0.2 ml distilled water respectively) for a period of fourteen weeks (100 days). The acute toxicity, body weight, relative organ weight, hematological parameters, biochemical markers for liver and kidney damage were monitored and histopathology of the liver and kidney of the rat were carried out. The LD50 of SDELE was found to be 1131 mg/kg body weight. There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in weight of the rat administered 400 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg when compared with the control though there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the relative weight of the organs. There was also a significant increase (p<0.05) in the lymphocytes, serum level of aspartate amino transferase (ASP), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkali phosphatase (ALP), total protein, A/G ratio, creatinine, urea, uric acid, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and potassium ions while there was a significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol and sodium ions in the animal group administered 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract. Histopathology of the liver and kidney revealed haemorrhage and vascular congestion at 200 mg/kg doses and renal damage at 400 mg/kg body weight doses respectively. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in any of the parameters studied in the group administered 100 mg/kg body weight dose when compared with the controlled group. Ethanol leaf extracts of Scoparia dulcis showed hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic tendencies and should be used with caution especially when employed in the treatment of chronic diseases

scholarly journals Red Blood Cell Variables in Children and Adolescents regarding the Age and Sex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina PLUNCEVIC GLIGOROSKA ◽  
Serjoza GONTAREV ◽  
Beti DEJANOVA ◽  
Lidija TODOROVSKA ◽  
Daniela SHUKOVA STOJMANOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: This study aimed to assess the basic red blood cell variables and hematological indices in children and adolescents and analyze the differences regarding age and sex. Methods: Overall, 320 young participants, age 8 to 18 yr, were enrolled at Laboratory of Sport’s Medicine, Medical Faculty, Skopje, Macedonia in 2016. Capillary blood samples were drawn and following hematologic parameters were measured: the red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit level (Hct) and hematological indexes: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean hemoglobin concentration (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW). Results: RBC variables in male group showed high statistical level of significance between age different groups (P=0.001) for all studied parameters except MCHC (P=0.423) and RDW (P=0.174). ANOVA test and multivariate tests in female group showed that there was no significant difference for all hematological parameters between age different groups. Regarding the sex differences, male participants had significantly higher red blood count (P<0.001), hemoglobin content (P<0.001) and hematocrit (P<0.001). Conclusion: Hematological parameters in adolescent as inhomogeneous population are not quantified sufficiently, especially hematological indices. RBC variables, regardless of the age, differ very much between male and female examinees, in favor of the male examinees. Hematological indices were insignificantly higher in males. Regarding the age of examinees, RBC variables showed significant inter-groups differences only within male adolescents. While with girls, ages span 8 to 18 yr, we did not find significant differences for most of the hematological variables.

scholarly journals Histological Evaluation of Brain Tissue in Dyslipidemic Rats Treated with Dietary Supplements Based on Amazonian Fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Matheus Vinícius de Souza Carneiro ◽  
Ricardo de Queiroz Freitas ◽  
Lucas Baltar Rodrigues ◽  
Wenberger Lanza Daniel de Figueiredo ◽  
Geane Antiques Lourenço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurotoxic Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Amazonian Fruits

Aims: By using histological analysis, the study aims to evaluate the effect of a nutraceutical based on the Amazonian fruits of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) Mc Vaugh), acai (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) and guarana (Paullinia cupana) on the brain tissue (hippocampus) of dyslipidemic rats. Methodology: Preclinical trials were conducted using male and female rats (n=30) of the Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus) that were randomly divided into five groups (G) (n=6). G1 was control, G2 was induced to obesity with consumption of experimental feed (hypercaloric and hyperlipidic), G3 was induced to obesity with consumption of experimental feed and treated with simvastatin (50 mg/kg/day), and G4 and G5, which were induced to obesity with the consumption of experimental feed and supplemented with 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day of the formulation, respectively. The study period was 72 days, and, for 37 days, induction to obesity was performed with the experimental feed (hypercaloric and hyperlipidic). During the following weeks, for 35 days, after division of the groups, certain groups received, in parallel, treatment with simvastatin (G3) or supplementation with the nutraceutical (G4 and G5). Subsequently, histological slides of the brain tissue stained with violet cresyl were elaborated, photographed and analyzed. Results: No significant differences were observed between the mean of intact neurons among the experimental groups induced to obesity. The neurotoxic effect, evidenced by the significant difference between the mean of intact neurons between the control group and obesity-induced groups, corroborates the findings of neuronal damage and degenerative processes reported in the literature. Conclusion: The nutraceutical based on Amazonian fruits was not able to prevent the neurotoxic effect arising from the hyperlipidic and hypercaloric diet, and therefore did not present a neuroprotective effect in Wistar rats under the conditions established in the experiment.

scholarly journals Gastrin, Histamine Prostaglandin: Indicators for assessing efficacy of cimetidine, Omeprazole and Ranitidine in Gastric Ulcer Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Jimmy Etukudo Okon ◽  
Gideon Umezuruike Egesie
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Radical Cure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Organ Specific

Background and Objectives: There is increase prevalence of gastric ulcer in the society, but the drugs that are sensitive for radical cure are not screened with physiologic markers such which affect proper management of the disease. The objective of the study is to relate various sources or organ specific templates: gastrin, histamine and prostaglandin relating with the disease in evaluating the potencies of cimetidine, ranitidine and omeprazole for best choice of the drugs in gastric ulcer disease treatment.Material and Methods: Plasma, gastric and antral prostaglandins, histamine and gastrin levels were studied in ninety-six (96), male and female Swiss albino rats for 28 days, using high performance liquid chromatography.Results: Male and female rats with gastric ulcer treated with cimetidine, omepraszole and ranitidine showed no significant difference (P>0.5) in gastrin and the drug groups in plasma, gastric and antral concentrations. But, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in histamine levels between cimetidine, omeprazole and ranitidine in their gastric and plasma concentration. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in prostaglandin values between cimetidine, omeprazole and ranitidine. Also there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in gastric and plasma levels of gastrin, histamine and prostaglandin between 7, 14, 21 and 28 days treatment period. But, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in antral concentration of gastrin, histamines and prostaglandin between the drug groups. However, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in antral gastrin between male and female rats in cimetidine and ranitidine treatment. The three drugs were associated with high levels of gastrin, histamine, low prostaglandin though cimetidine showed higher concentration of prostaglandin.Conclusion: It is concluded that gastrin, histamine and prostaglandin are sensitive indicators in evaluating anti-ulcerogenic drugs efficacies.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol. 5(2): 5-12

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