scholarly journals The Effects of Manual Resistance Training on Improving Muscle Strength of the Lower Extremities of the Community Dwelling Elderly -A Clinical Intervention Study with A Control Group-

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Tokumaru ◽  
Chiaki Taniguchi ◽  
Shinya Morikawa ◽  
Yuzi Yamasaki ◽  
Tomoaki Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group

scholarly journals Physical Activity Level Following Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Receiving Home Care: Results from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6682
Author(s):  
Hilde Bremseth Bårdstu ◽  
Vidar Andersen ◽  
Marius Steiro Fimland ◽  
Lene Aasdahl ◽  
Hilde Lohne-Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Older adults’ physical activity (PA) is low. We examined whether eight months of resistance training increased PA level in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care. A two-armed cluster-randomized trial using parallel groups was conducted. The included participants were >70 years and received home care. The resistance training group performed resistance training using body weight, elastic bands, and water canes twice per week for eight months. The control group was informed about the national PA guidelines and received motivational talks. The ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer was used to estimate PA. Outcomes included total PA (counts per minute), sedentary behavior (min/day), light PA (min/day), moderate-to-vigorous PA (min/day), and steps (mean/day). Between-group differences were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models. Twelve clusters were randomized to either resistance training (7 clusters, 60 participants) or the control group (5 clusters, 44 participants). A total of 101 participants (median age 86.0 (interquartile range 80–90) years) had valid accelerometer data and were included in the analysis. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for any of the PA outcomes after four or eight months. This study offers no evidence of increased PA level following resistance training in older adults with home care.

Elastic Resistance Training Produces Benefits Similar to Conventional Resistance Training in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 1891-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano F de Lima ◽  
Vinicius Cavalheri ◽  
Bruna S A Silva ◽  
Isis Grigoletto ◽  
Juliana S Uzeloto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Elastic Resistance ◽  
Functional Exercise ◽  
Functional Exercise Capacity ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of elastic resistance training on improving muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and dyspnea in people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods For this systematic review, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase (OVID), PEDro, SciELO, and CINAHL were searched from inception to November 2019. Included studies were randomized clinical trials in which people with stable COPD were allocated to (1) an experimental group that received lower-limb resistance training, upper-limb resistance training, or both using elastic resistance; or (2) a control group that received no or sham resistance training or conventional resistance training using weight machines. Data extraction was performed by 3 review authors. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. Eight studies on 332 participants were included. Results Knee extensor strength was higher in the experimental group (standardized mean difference = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.09–0.95) compared with the non-exercise control group. Compared with the conventional exercise control, the experimental group presented similar effects for muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, HRQoL, and dyspnea (95% CI overlapped the line of no effect for all). Conclusions Elastic resistance training improves muscle strength in people with COPD. The current review suggests elastic resistance as a potential alternative to conventional resistance training using weight machines, as they show similar effects on muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, HRQoL, and dyspnea. Impact Due to its beneficial effects, including reduced risk of exacerbation-related hospitalizations, exercise training is viewed as the cornerstone of pulmonary rehabilitation in people with COPD. This study shows that elastic resistance training can be an effective, portable, practical, and low-cost alternative to conventional weight resistance training. Lay Summary Training with elastic resistance tubes or bands—which are easy to carry, easy to use, and relatively low cost—can be an effective way to improve strength for people with COPD and promote similar benefits to those achieved with weight machines.

scholarly journals The effect of low-intensity resistance training after heat stress on muscle size and strength of triceps brachii: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Nakamura ◽  
Tomoichi Yoshida ◽  
Ryosuke Kiyono ◽  
Shigeru Sato ◽  
Nobushige Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Stress Group ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
The One

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to clarify whether there is a synergistic effect on muscular strength and hypertrophy when low-intensity resistance training is performed after heat stress. Methods Thirty healthy young male volunteers were randomly allocated to either the low-intensity resistance training with heat stress group or the control group. The control group performed low-intensity resistance training alone. In the low-intensity resistance training with heat stress group, a hot pack was applied to cover the muscle belly of the triceps brachii for 20 min before the training. The duration of the intervention was 6 weeks. In both groups, the training resistance was 30% of the one repetition maximum, applied in three sets with eight repetitions each and 60-s intervals. The one repetition maximum of elbow extension and muscle thickness of triceps brachii were measured before and after 6 weeks of low intensity resistance training. Results There was no significant change in the one-repetition maximum and muscle thickness in the control group, whereas there was a significant increase in the muscle strength and thickness in the low-intensity resistance training with heat stress group. Conclusion The combination of heat stress and low-intensity resistance training was an effective method for increasing muscle strength and volume. Trial registration University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000036167; March 11, 2019).

scholarly journals Effects of long-term resistance training and simultaneous electro-stimulation on muscle strength and functional mobility in multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Broekmans ◽  
Machteld Roelants ◽  
Peter Feys ◽  
Geert Alders ◽  
Domien Gijbels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Control Group

Background: Resistance training studies in multiple sclerosis (MS) often use short intervention periods. Furthermore, training efficiency could be optimized by unilateral training and/or electrical stimulation. Objective: To examine the effect(s) of unilateral long-term (20 weeks) standardized resistance training with and without simultaneous electro-stimulation on leg muscle strength and overall functional mobility. Methods: A randomized controlled trial involving 36 persons with MS. At baseline (PRE) and after 10 (MID) and 20 (POST) weeks of standardized (ACSM) light to moderately intense unilateral leg resistance training (RESO, n = 11) only or resistance training with simultaneous electro-stimulation (RESE, n = 11, 100 Hz, biphasic symmetrical wave, 400 µs), maximal isometric strength of the knee extensors and flexors (45°, 90° knee angle) and dynamic (60–180°/s) knee-extensor strength was measured and compared with a control group (CON, n = 14). Functional mobility was evaluated using the Timed Get Up and Go, Timed 25 Foot Walk, Two-Minute Walk Test, Functional Reach and Rivermead Mobility Index. Results: Maximal isometric knee extensor (90°, MID: +10 ± 3%, POST: +10 ± 4%) in RESO and knee flexor (45°, POST: +7 ± 4%; 90°, POST: +9 ± 5%) in RESE strength increased ( p < 0.05) compared with CON but RESO and RESE did not differ. Also, impaired legs responded positively to resistance training (unilateral leg strength analysis) and functional reaching increased significantly in RESO (+18%) compared with CON. Dynamic muscle strength and the remaining functional mobility tests did not change. Conclusion: Long-term light to moderately intense resistance training improves muscle strength in persons with MS but simultaneous electro-stimulation does not further improve training outcome.

scholarly journals Specific Collagen Peptides in Combination with Resistance Training Improve Body Composition and Regional Muscle Strength in Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Jendricke ◽  
Christoph Centner ◽  
Denise Zdzieblik ◽  
Albert Gollhofer ◽  
Daniel König
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Collagen Peptides ◽  
Hand Grip

The aim was to investigate the effects of resistance exercise combined with supplementation of specific collagen peptides (SCP) on body composition and muscle strength in premenopausal women. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial 77 premenopausal women completed a 12-week resistance training (3 day/week) and ingested 15 g of SCP or placebo on a daily basis. Changes in body composition were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and muscular strength by isometric strength testing. The treatment group (TG) significantly increased (p < 0.001) their percentage of fat-free mass. Although the control group (CG) also showed a significant (p < 0.01) gain in fat-free mass from pre- to post-training, the increase in the TG was significantly higher in an RMANOVA analysis (p < 0.05). Regarding the change in percentage body fat, a significant decline was observed in both TG (p < 0.001) and CG (p < 0.01), with a significantly higher reduction in the TG (p < 0.05). Subjects receiving 15 g of collagen peptides daily also showed a significantly higher gain in hand-grip strength compared to those performing resistance training only (p < 0.05). In both groups, the gain in leg strength (TG = p < 0.001; CG = p < 0.01) was significant after 12 weeks with a more pronounced effect in the treatment group. In conclusion, resistance training in combination with supplementation of SCP induced a significantly higher increase in fat-free mass and hand-grip strength than resistance training and placebo supplementation. In addition, there was a significantly higher loss in fat mass and a more pronounced increase in leg strength in the treatment group compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9533
Author(s):  
Jacopo Antonino Vitale ◽  
Matteo Bonato ◽  
Stefano Borghi ◽  
Carmelo Messina ◽  
Domenico Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
T Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Older Subjects

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month home-based resistance-training program on muscle health and physical performance in healthy older subjects during the unique condition of home confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. This was a randomized-controlled study that enrolled older participants that were allocated to either an experimental group performing the six-months exercise prescription (EXE) or a control group (CON). At the beginning (PRE), and after 6 months (POST), participants were assessed for muscle strength, balance, gait assessment and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Normality distribution of data was checked with the D’Agostino and Pearson test and changes between PRE and POST were assessed by paired Student’s t-test while percentage and absolute changes between groups at POST were tested by unpaired t-test. Results. Nine participants were included for the final analysis: EXE, n = 5 (age: 66 ± 4; BMI: 27.5 ± 3.7) and CON, n = 4 (age: 71 ± 9; BMI: 24.2 ± 4.1). Significant PRE-to-POST changes were observed in the EXE group only in the chair-stand test (+19.8%, p = 0.048 and ES:1.0, moderate) and in total fat mass (+5.0%, p = 0.035 and ES:1.4, large) with no between-group differences. Moreover, EXE had significantly higher absolute thigh CSA values than CON at POST (14.138 ± 2977 vs. 9039 ± 1015, p = 0.0178, ES = 1.7). No other within- and between-group differences were detected. Conclusions. The home-based resistance-training program during the lockdown period, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, determined only within-group improvement in lower limb muscle strength but not in muscle mass and composition in older subjects. Home confinement may partially explain the increase in total body fat due to a reduced daily PA regime and altered diet pattern.

Effect of moderate intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength and girth in young adults –a randomized control trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Gujral ◽  
Jeyanthi Subburaj ◽  
Kiran Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Objectives To examine the effects of moderate intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength and forearm girth. Methods Total of 39 students enrolled in this study were divided into three groups that is group A (control group), group B and group C. Group A performed exercise training without restrictive pressure, group B & C performed exercise training with 50 and 75 mmHg respectively. Both the outcome measures were evaluated on day 1 and day 12th with the help of digital dynamometer and measuring tape. Results Repeated measure ANOVA with Post hoc analysis was done using SPSS software version 20. The result of the study showed significant (p≤0.05) within subject improvement in muscle strength and muscle girth in all the three groups. However, significant improvement in muscle strength was found in between group analysis (p≤0.05). Conclusions The results of the study can be concluded as the partial blood flow restriction (50 mmHg) with moderate intensity resistance training resulted in greater handgrip strength than the other two groups. No difference was found in forearm girth among the three groups, however within the group difference was found.

scholarly journals Comparison of Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients between The Given and Not Given Range of Motion Exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Eka Rhestifujiayani ◽  
Emil Huriani ◽  
Muharriza Muharriza
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test

Background: Hemiparesis is a common problem that can caused disability. ROM Exercise is an exercise that to performed evaluate and to improv the function of the musculoskeletal system and is one of therapies in stroke patients that aim to increase cerebral blood flow, minimize disability caused by stroke, so can refine sensory motoric function.Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the effect ROM exercises of the extremity muscle strength in patients with stroke Methods: This study was a quasi experimental with non equivalent control group design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The number of sample was 20 respondents. The statistical test used are Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney test. Result: Wilcoxon test in control group showed p-value in upper extremities was p=0,157 and in lower extremities was p=0,083, it mean that there was no increase in muscle strength in the control group and in experiment group showed p-value in upper extremities was p=0,004 and in lower extremities was p=0,005, it mean that there is increase in muscle strength in the experiment group. The result of Mann-Whitney test showed p-value in upper extremities was p=0,002 and in lower extremities was p=0,006, it means that there were differences in the increase in muscle strength between control group and experiment group. Conclusion: ROM exercises affect the increase in muscle strength in stroke patients with hemiparesis. The ROM exercises can be used as a nursing intervention in the provision of nursing care.

scholarly journals A Review on Aging, Sarcopenia, Falls, and Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Filipe Rodrigues ◽  
Christophe Domingos ◽  
Diogo Monteiro ◽  
Pedro Morouço
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Resistance Training Program

As aging continues to grow in our society, sarcopenia and associated fall risk is considered a public health problem since falling is the third cause of chronic disability. Falls are negatively related to functionality and independence and positively associated with morbidity and mortality. The cost of treatment of secondary injuries related to falls is high. For example, one in ten fall incidents leads to bone fractures and several other comorbidities. As demonstrated by several experimental studies, adopting a more active lifestyle is critical for reducing the number of fall episodes and their consequences. Therefore, it is essential to debate the proven physical exercise methods to reduce falls and fall-related effects. Since muscle mass, muscle strength, bone density, and cartilage function may play significant roles in daily activities, resistance training may positively and significantly affect the elderly. This narrative review aimed to examine current evidence on existing resistance training using resistance machines and bodyweight or low-cost equipment for the elderly and how they are related to falls and fall-related consequences. We provide theoretical links between aging, sarcopenia, and falls linking to resistance training and offer practical suggestions to exercise professionals seeking to promote regular physical exercise to promote quality of life in this population. Exercise programs focusing on strength may significantly influence muscle mass and muscle strength, minimizing functional decline and risk of falling. Resistance training programs should be customized to each elderly according to age, sex, and other fundamental and individual aspects. This narrative review provides evidence to support recommendations for practical resistance training in the elderly related to intensity and volume. A properly designed resistance training program with adequate instructions and technique is safe for the elderly. It should include an individualized approach based on existing equipment (i.e., body weight, resistance machines). Existing literature shows that exercise performance towards 2–3 sets of 1–2 exercises per major muscle group, performing 5–8 repetitions or achieving intensities of 50–80% of 1RM, 2–3 times per week should be recommended, followed by training principles such as periodization and progression. Bearing this in mind, health and exercise professionals should combine efforts focusing on efficient strategies to reduce falls among the elderly and promote higher experiences of well-being at advanced stages in life.

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