scholarly journals Modifiable factors of vitamin D status among a Brazilian osteoporotic population attended a public outpatient clinic

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Brasilio Rodrigues Camargo ◽  
llda Sizue Kunii ◽  
Lilian Fukusima Hayashi ◽  
Patrícia Muszkat ◽  
Catherine Gusman Anelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
The Mean

Objectives To evaluate the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration in Brazilian osteoporotic patients and the modifiable factors of vitamin D status in this population. Subjects and methods In a cross-sectional study, 363 community-dwelling patients who sought specialized medical care were evaluated between autumn and spring in São Paulo, Brazil. Serum levels of 25(OH)D and parathormone (PTH), biochemical and anthropometric measurements, and bone density scans were obtained. The group was assessed using two questionnaires: one questionnaire covered lifestyle and dietary habits, skin phototype, sun exposure, medical conditions, and levels of vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol); the other questionnaire assessed health-related quality-of-life. Logistic regression and a decision tree were used to assess the association between the variables and the adequacy of vitamin D status. Results The mean age of the overall sample was 67.9 ± 8.6 years, and the mean 25(OH)D concentration was 24.8 ng/mL. The prevalence of inadequate vitamin D status was high (73.3%), although 81.5% of the subjects were receiving cholecalciferol (mean dose of 8,169 IU/week). 25(OH)D was positively correlated with femoral neck bone mineral density and negatively correlated with PTH. In the multivariate analysis, the dose of cholecalciferol, engagement in physical activity and the month of the year (September) were associated with improvement in vitamin D status. Conclusions In this osteoporotic population, vitamin D supplementation of 7,000 IU/week is not enough to reach the desired 25(OH)D concentration (≥ 30 ng/mL). Engagement in physical activity and the month of the year are modifiable factors of the vitamin D status in this population.

scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin D Status Determines Bone Variables in the Newborn

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1749-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Viljakainen ◽  
E. Saarnio ◽  
T. Hytinantti ◽  
M. Miettinen ◽  
H. Surcel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maternal Vitamin D Status

Abstract Context: Vitamin D regulates 3% of the human genome, including effects on bone health throughout life. Maternal vitamin D status may program neonatal skeletal development. The objective here was to determine the association of mothers’ vitamin D status with bone variables of their newborns. Subjects and Methods: In a birth hospital, pregnant women (n = 125) participated in a cross-sectional study with a longitudinal follow-up of the pregnancy. The mean (sd) values for age, body mass index before pregnancy, pregnancy weight gain, and total vitamin D intake in mothers were 31 (4) yr, 23.5 (3.7) kg/m2, 13.1 (4.3) kg, and 14.3 (5.8) μg, respectively. All newborns were full-term, 99% were appropriate for gestational age, and 53% were boys. Blood samples were collected from mothers during the first trimester and 2 d postpartum and from umbilical cords at birth for analysis of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25-OHD), PTH, and bone remodeling markers. Bone variables were measured by pQCT at the 20% site of the newborn tibia on an average of 10 (11) d postpartum. Bone contour was analyzed with a single threshold of 180 mg/mm3 for the detection of total bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and cross-sectional area (CSA). Results: Mean S-25-OHD was 41.0 (13.6), 45.1 (11.9), and 50.7 (14.9) nmol/liter during the first trimester, postpartum, and in the umbilical cord, respectively. The median value of the individual means for first trimester and the 2-d postpartum S-25-OHD was 42.6 nmol/liter, which was used as cutoff to define two equal-sized groups. Groups are called below median and above median in the text. Newborns below median were heavier (P = 0.05), and 60% were boys. Tibia bone mineral content was 0.047 (95% confidence interval, 0.011–0.082) g/cm higher (P = 0.01), and cross-sectional area was 12.3 (95% confidence interval, 2.0–22.6) mm2 larger (P = 0.02), but no difference in bone mineral density was observed, above median compared with below median group. These results were adjusted for newborn Z-score birth weight, maternal height, and newborn age at the measurement. A positive, significant correlation was observed between remodeling markers in mothers at different time points and above median group in the cord. Conclusions: Although the mean total intake of vitamin D among mothers met current Nordic recommendations, 71% of women and 15% of newborns were vitamin D deficient during the pregnancy. Our results suggest that maternal vitamin D status affects bone mineral accrual during the intrauterine period and influences bone size. More efforts should be made to revise current nutrition recommendations for pregnant women that may have permanent effects on the well-being of children.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density at age 7 years does not associate with adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines in infancy or vitamin D status in pregnancy and childhood: An Odense Child Cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Signe Monrad Nørgaard ◽  
Christine Dalgård ◽  
Malene Søborg Heidemann ◽  
Anders Jørgen Schou ◽  
Henrik Thybo Christesen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
High Adherence ◽  
Bone Mineralisation ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Vitamin D supplementation in infancy is recommended to prevent rickets. At the population level, its effects on bone mineralisation are largely unknown. We aimed to explore whether adherence to national vitamin D supplementation guidelines (10 µg/day up to age 2 years), supplementation at ages 5 and 7 years, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) at various time points associated with bone mineral density (BMD) at age 7 years in the Odense Child Cohort, Denmark (n=1,194). High adherence was defined as supplementation with 10 µg vitamin D 6-7 times per week during ≥ 80 % of the observation time. S-25(OH)D was analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Total-body-less-head (TBLH) BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. At median age 18.1 months, 53.9 % (n=475/881) reported high adherence. The median s-25(OH)D was 64.7, 78.8, 46.0, and 71.8 nmol/l in early pregnancy, late pregnancy, cord blood, and at 5 years, respectively. The mean (SD) TBLH BMD at median age 7.1 years was 0.613 (0.049) g/cm2 (z-score +0.363 (0.824)). In adjusted analyses, vitamin D supplementation up to 18 months, and at 5 and 7 years, was not associated with TBLH BMD. Similarly, no robust associations were found between TBLH BMD and s-25(OH)D at any time point. No associations were found for TBLH bone mineral concentration or bone area. In this population with relatively high s-25(OH)D concentrations, no consistent associations were found between adherence to vitamin D supplementation recommendations or vitamin D status in pregnancy or childhood, and bone mineralisation at age 7 years.

scholarly journals Interactions between Vitamin D Status, Calcium Intake and Parathyroid Hormone Concentrations in Healthy White-Skinned Pregnant Women at Northern Latitude

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hemmingway ◽  
Karen O’Callaghan ◽  
Áine Hennessy ◽  
George Hull ◽  
Kevin Cashman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Pregnancy

Adverse effects of low vitamin D status and calcium intakes in pregnancy may be mediated through functional effects on the calcium metabolic system. Little explored in pregnancy, we aimed to examine the relative importance of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and calcium intake on parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations in healthy white-skinned pregnant women. This cross-sectional analysis included 142 participants (14 ± 2 weeks’ gestation) at baseline of a vitamin D intervention trial at 51.9 °N. Serum 25(OH)D, PTH, and albumin-corrected calcium were quantified biochemically. Total vitamin D and calcium intakes (diet and supplements) were estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The mean ± SD vitamin D intake was 10.7 ± 5.2 μg/day. With a mean ± SD serum 25(OH)D of 54.9 ± 22.6 nmol/L, 44% of women were <50 nmol/L and 13% <30 nmol/L. Calcium intakes (mean ± SD) were 1182 ± 488 mg/day and 23% of participants consumed <800 mg/day. The mean ± SD serum albumin-adjusted calcium was 2.2 ± 0.1 mmol/L and geometric mean (95% CI) PTH was 9.2 (8.4, 10.2) pg/mL. PTH was inversely correlated with serum 25(OH)D (r = −0.311, p < 0.001), but not with calcium intake or serum calcium (r = −0.087 and 0.057, respectively, both p > 0.05). Analysis of variance showed that while serum 25(OH)D (dichotomised at 50 nmol/L) had a significant effect on PTH (p = 0.025), calcium intake (<800, 800–1000, ≥1000 mg/day) had no effect (p = 0.822). There was no 25(OH)D-calcium intake interaction effect on PTH (p = 0.941). In this group of white-skinned women with largely sufficient calcium intakes, serum 25(OH)D was important for maintaining normal PTH concentration.

Low vitamin D status is associated with hearing loss in the elderly: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsy Szeto ◽  
Chris Valentini ◽  
Anil K Lalwani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACT Background The elderly are at increased risk of both hearing loss (HL) and osteoporosis. Bone mineral density (BMD) has been putatively linked to HL. However, the roles of serum calcium concentrations and vitamin D status have yet to be elucidated. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone (PTH), total calcium, BMD, and HL in a nationally representative sample of elderly adults. Methods Using the NHANES (2005–2010), audiometry and BMD data of 1123 participants aged ≥70 y were analyzed in a cross-sectional manner. HL was defined as pure tone averages &gt;25 dB HL at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz (low frequency); 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz (speech frequency); and 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz (high frequency) in either ear. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relation between HL and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], PTH, total calcium, and BMD, adjusting for covariates. Results In multivariable analyses, total 25(OH)D &lt; 20 ng/mL was found to be associated with greater odds of low-frequency HL (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.28, 3.19) and speech-frequency HL (OR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.44). A 1-unit decrease in femoral neck BMD (OR: 4.55; 95% CI: 1.28, 16.67) and a 1-unit decrease in total spine BMD (OR: 6.25; 95% CI: 1.33, 33.33) were found to be associated with greater odds of low-frequency HL. Serum PTH and total calcium were not found to be associated with HL. Conclusions In the elderly, low vitamin D status was associated with low-frequency and speech-frequency HL. Low vitamin D status may be a potential risk factor for age-related HL.

scholarly journals Study of prevalence of osteoporosis in males of above 40 years age group attending SMS Hospital, Jaipur

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Parwez Qureshi ◽  
R. C. Meena ◽  
Jakir Husain ◽  
Gaurav Deshwar ◽  
Vineet Maheshwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Whenever osteoporosis is discussed, the focus is on women; men are far less likely to receive a diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteoporotic fracture because of considerable gaps in knowledge on male osteoporosis. The aim and objectives were to study the prevalence of osteoporosis in males of above 40 year age group attending SMS Hospital Jaipur &amp; to explore the influence of various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors on BMD.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Study Location: SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur. Study design: Hospital based cross sectional study. Study period: April 2015 to December 2016. Sample Size: 200. Work up: After taking ethical clearance and informed verbal consent, demographic and clinical details were noted along with S- calcium, Vitamin D and bone mineral density assessment. Osteoporosis was defined as T score ≤−2.5 bone mass −1 to −2.5 and normal as &gt;−1. Data thus collected was analysed with help of SPSS 22.0 through frequency, percentages, Mean, SD and ANOVA.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in the study population was 28.5% and 11.5%. Age wise maximum prevalence was in the age group 71-80 years (31.81%). Prevalence of osteoporosis was more among Muslim community 20.83%, more in low socio economic group (BPL). T score of study population was -0.3705±1.41. The mean BMI, S-Calcium, Vitamin D levels and T score values among osteopenic and osteoporotic patients were statistically highly significant when compared to patients without osteo-penic/porotic changes (p&lt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Osteoporosis is a silent killer and prevention is better than cure as prevention requires simple steps such as good dietary habits, active life style, good control of systemic disorders, reduced intake of tobacco and alcohol.</p>

scholarly journals Differences in vitamin D status and calcium metabolism in Saudi Arabian boys and girls aged 6 to 18 years: effects of age, gender, extent of veiling and physical activity with concomitant implications for bone health

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1845-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam A Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Susan A Lanham-New ◽  
Jalal A Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveFew data exist looking at vitamin D status and bone health in school-aged boys and girls from Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to determine the extent of poor vitamin D status in school boys and girls aged 6–18 years and to examine if there was any difference in status with age, physical activity and veiling and concomitant effects on bone.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingJeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.SubjectsA total of 150 boys (7–16 years) and 150 girls (6–18 years) from local schools were divided into age categories: 6–9 years (elementary school); 10–12 years (secondary school); 13–14 years (middle years); 15–18 years (high school).ResultsVitamin D status was significantly lower in girls than boys in all age groups (P < 0·01), with the 15–18-year-old girls having the lowest level (22·0 (sd 9·4) nmol/l) in comparison to the 15–18-year-old boys (39·3 (sd 14·0) nmol/l) and the 6–9-year-old girls (41·2 (sd 9·3) nmol/l). Parathyroid hormone status was highest in the 15–18-year-old girls in comparison to boys of the same age. A total of 64 % of 15–18-year-old girls had 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) status <25 nmol/l in comparison to 31 % in the 13–14 years age category, 26 % in the 10–12 years category and 2·5 % in the 6–9 years category. No boys had 25OHD status <25 nmol/l. Fully veiled girls had lower 25OHD status than partly veiled or unveiled girls (P < 0·05). Low 25OHD and high parathyroid hormone was associated with lower bone mass in the 6–9 years and 13–14 years age groups (P < 0·05).ConclusionsThese data suggest significant hypovitaminosis D in older adolescent females, which is a cause for concern given that there is currently no public health policy for vitamin D in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Geomapping Vitamin D Status in a Large City and Surrounding Population—Exploring the Impact of Location and Demographics

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Scully ◽  
Eamon Laird ◽  
Martin Healy ◽  
James Bernard Walsh ◽  
Vivion Crowley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large City ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Large Urban Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
The Impact

Vitamin D status was assessed in a large urban area to compare differences in deficiency and to geomap the results. In total, 36,466 participants from 28 geographical areas were identified in this cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of general practitioner (GP)-requested 25(OH)D tests at St James’s Hospital, Dublin between 2014 and 2018. The population were community-dwelling adults, median age 50.7 (18–109 years) with 15% of participants deficient (<30 nmol/L), rising to 23% in the winter. Deficiency was greatest in younger (18–39 years) and oldest (80+ years) adults, and in males versus females (18% vs. 11%, p < 0.001). Season was the biggest predictor of deficiency (OR 4.44, winter versus summer, p < 0.001), followed by location (west Dublin OR 2.17, north Dublin 1.54, south Dublin 1.42 versus rest of Ireland, p < 0.001) where several urban areas with an increased prevalence of deficiency were identified. There was no improvement in 25(OH)D over the 5-year period despite increased levels of testing. One in four adults were vitamin D deficient in the winter, with significant variations across locations and demographics. Overall this study identifies key groups at risk of 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency, thus providing important public health information for the targeting of interventions to optimise 25(OH)D. Mandatory fortification may be necessary to address this widespread inadequacy.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Its Role as a Protective Factor in Allergy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Hoxha ◽  
Maria Zoto ◽  
Leonard Deda ◽  
Gentian Vyshka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Asthma Morbidity

The relationship between vitamin D status and asthma has been subject to several studies in the last decade. Epidemiological data suggest that incidence of asthma and atopic diseases increased significantly in most Westernized countries. The significant variation between countries suggests that besides genetic factors, environmental aspects play a role in the pathogenesis of atopy. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is high in many industrialized countries. In addition to its relationship with bone metabolism, vitamin D is recognized as an immunomodulator, with important effects on both adaptive and innate immunity. Correlations between vitamin D status and asthma have been formulated, with a considerable interest in assessing whether this vitamin protects against or reduces asthma morbidity. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding vitamin D status throughout Europe and its influence over asthma and allergic rhinitis prevalence. Geographical latitude and dietary habits may explain the lower prevalence of allergic disease in Albania. We also consider the effects of vitamin D supplementation in allergic disease. Several clinical trials are under way and their results are needed in order to make definitive recommendations about the optimal dose of vitamin D for prevention and treatment of asthma and allergic disease.

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