scholarly journals Depression, self-concept, future expectations and hope of people with HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1288-1294
Author(s):  
Anna Cláudia Freire de Araújo Patrício ◽  
Ingrid Bergmam do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Milenna Azevedo Minhaqui Ferreira ◽  
Brenda Feitosa Lopes Rodrigues ◽  
Rôseane Ferreira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze conditions of depression, self-concept, future expectations and hope in people with HIV/AIDS. Method: Cross-sectional survey of 108 individuals living with HIV/AIDS, carried out in a reference hospital for the treatment of infectious diseases in Northeast Brazil. The following instruments were employed: sociodemographic data, and questionnaires for ascertaining participants’ emotions, including scales for self-concept, hope, depression (HAMD-D), and future expectations. Descriptive statistics using the following tests were performed: Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, chi-square, and t-test—considered significant when p ≤ 0.05. Results: 31.5% presented mild depression and 21.3% presented moderate depression; 63% reported difficulty in obtaining decent employment; 52.8% considered life a failure; 52.8% felt worthless. Fear, guilt and loneliness influenced self-concept (p ≤ 0.05). Loneliness influenced hope (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: It is necessary to raise the attention of nursing professionals and healthcare managers to the importance of providing health services that consider the mental health of people with HIV/AIDS, contributing to treatment adherence and well-being.

scholarly journals Possible Selves Across the Lifespan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 449-449
Author(s):  
Victoria Chen ◽  
Alysson Light
Keyword(s):  
Possible Selves ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Midlife Adults ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Possible selves are defined as “personalized representations of one’s self in future states” (Cross & Markus, 1991). Research has also found that thinking frequently about possible selves predicts lower well-being, whereas thinking clearly about possible selves is associated with higher well-being (McElwee & Haugh, 2010). However, possible selves differ across the lifespan (Hooker & Kaus, 1994; Cross & Markus, 1991) and life stages can impact exploration of possible identities (Arnett, 2000). Thus we hypothesize that the relationship between thought about possible selves and well-being differs across the lifespan. In a cross-sectional survey, 240 participants (age range: 18-92) reported on frequency and clarity of possible selves, as well as general self-clarity (Campbell et al., 1996). Results indicate curvilinear moderation by age of the link between possible self-clarity and well-being, with the association being stronger among midlife adults than among younger adults and older adults. Also, as clarity of feared possible selves increases, self-concept clarity decreases. Similarly, frequency of thinking about feared possible selves was negatively correlated with self-concept clarity. However, clarity and frequency of thought about hoped-for positive possible selves had no correlation with self-concept clarity.

Development of Male Well-Being Indicators In Malaysia from Intrapersonal Communication Perspective: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Siti Zaiton Mohd Ajis ◽  
◽  
Arina Anis Azlan ◽  
Emma Mohamad ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrapersonal Communication ◽  
Concept Theory

Well-being is an essential concept in a human’s life as it is an emotional state that significantly influences our lifestyle. This study aims to develop a Malaysian male well-being indicator using the intrapersonal communication perspective. In this study, a self assessment instrument was constructed based on the self-concept theory in order to understand the respondent's well-being. This study applied mixed-methodology. Qualitative approach was used to build the well-being dimension and indicator based on some previous studies, while the quantitative approach was done to determine which construct is considered valid to measure male well-being, and how reliable those constructs are. Data collection phase was run through an online cross-sectional survey by using Survey Monkey platform. A total of 290 respondents consisting of Malaysian men aged 18 years and above participated in this study. The EFA results showed that there were 33 items classified under six well-being main components with having an effective and excellent level of consistency effectiveness, where Cronbach's Alpha for these six components gives a value of more than .70. This study, in overall, found that the well-being indicator was represented by one item on self-assessment that measures well-being dimension. Through the findings obtained, this study is expected to open a wider space for the upcoming studies on male well-being in Malaysia. However, it is suggested that this study needs to be continued with confirmatory factor analysis to validate this well-being indicator as a valid instrument to measure male well-being in Malaysia. Keywords: Well-being, subjective well-being, intrapersonal communication, self-concept theory, self assessment.

Knowledge, Practices and Views of Ghanaian Students with Visual Impairment about Hiv/Aids

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel K. Hayford ◽  
Selete Avoke ◽  
Frederick Ocansey
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Practices ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstractThe study was designed to explore the general knowledge, practices and views of students with visual impairment about HIV/AIDS in order to identify the gaps in students’ knowledge and inform decisions on instructional strategies and materials to improve students’ knowledge. Specifically, the study examined the nature of knowledge students with visual impairment have about HIV/AIDS; described the practices and views of such students about individuals living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopted the descriptive cross-sectional survey design, and used multi-staged stratified, and purposive sampling techniques to select 83 students with visual impairment in two Junior High Schools in Ghana. The participants completed a questionnaire and the researchers adopted descriptive and inferential statistics including frequency distribution, percentages, and chi-square (X2) test, to analyze the data. The findings were that majority of students with visual impairments held correct notion about HIV/AIDS; although, majority of the students understood the mode of transmission of the disease, a significant number of them held misconceptions about the modes of transmission. For example, some of them felt HIV/AIDS can be transmitted through body contact, coughing and sneezing, sharing lavatories and casual kissing as well as blood donation. In terms of views about persons living with HIV/AIDS, there were no variations in the students’ opinions. Furthermore, knowledge about HIV/AIDS has positively influenced the sexual behaviour of majority of students in the study. Chi-square (X2) computation at 0.05 significant level revealed no variations in students’ responses according to sex. Recommendations were suggested to the Ministry of Education, the Ghana Education Service and other organizations for consideration.

scholarly journals Spiritual Needs and Their Correlation with Characteristics of People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T6) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Witdiawati Witdiawati ◽  
Kusman Ibrahim ◽  
Neti Juniarti ◽  
Bambang Aditya Nugraha ◽  
Risna Ayuningsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

BACKGROUND: Spirituality is an essential factor for HIV/AIDS patients. Spirituality helps a person to achieve balance, improves health, well-being, and adapt to illness. There are several factors related to the spiritual needs of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). One of them is the characteristic of PLWHA. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between spiritual needs with characteristic PLWHA. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design that included 103 PLWHA was conducted from July 2020 to August 2020 in HIV Service Clinic, Garut Regency, Indonesia. We used Spiritual Needs Questionnaire 2.1 (SpNQ 2.1) to collect the data. Chi-square was used for variable analysis. RESULTS: The dimension of religious needs has the highest score mean = 13.51, SD = 5.434, and existence needs have the lowest score with mean = 10.49, SD = 4.752 compared to other dimensions. The Chi-square test results showed that there was a significant relationship between gender (p = 0.012) and length of diagnosis (p = 0.019) on the spiritual needs of PLWHA. CONCLUSION: Spiritual needs have a significant relationship with the characteristics of PLWHA. All dimensions of spiritual needs become essential for people with HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Effects of Vegetation Destruction on the Socio-Economic Well-being of Households within the Soapstone Quarrying Areas of Gucha South Sub-County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
George Okong’o ◽  
Mark Ndunda Mutinda ◽  
Isaiah Gitonga Imaita
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vegetation Removal ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Economic Well Being

Soapstone quarrying and carving has taken place at the Tabaka region of Gucha South Sub-County for many decades. The activities associated with soapstone quarrying include clearing of vegetation, removal of top soil, earth moving, excavation of the stones and chopping off the unwanted parts of the soapstone. These activities have caused serious environmental impacts in the quarrying areas. This study focused on the effects of vegetation destruction as a result of soapstone quarrying on the socio-economic well-being of households within the quarrying areas of Gucha South Sub-County, Kenya. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of vegetation destruction (loss of cover and biodiversity erosion) by quarrying on the socio-economic well-being of households within the quarry areas. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted. Purposive sampling procedure was utilized where 102 households were purposively selected based on their nearness to the soapstone quarries. Data collection was done using a questionnaire, recording observations and taking photographs. Descriptive (Frequency distribution, percentages, means, median and mode) and Inferential (Regression, Chi-square and ANOVA) statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings of this study indicate that vegetation destruction as a result of soapstone quarrying activities has negative effects on the socio-economic wellbeing of the households found within the soapstone quarrying areas. Thus, there is need to regulate the soapstone quarrying activities. There is also an urgent need for an Environmental Impact Assessment and audit to be carried out to determine the state of the environment in the soapstone quarrying areas.

scholarly journals Determinants of Focused Antenatal Care Uptake among Women in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliphas Gitonga
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Focused Antenatal Care

Background. The health status of women is an important indicator of the overall economic health and well-being of a country. Maternal health is closely linked with the survival of newborns. For every woman who dies, about thirty others suffer lifelong injuries. Focused antenatal care is one of the interventions to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. It recommends four targeted visits during pregnancy within which essential services are offered. The aim of the study was to assess the determinants of uptake of focused antenatal care among women in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. Methods. This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. Stratified sampling was used to select the health facilities while systematic sampling was used to select the respondents. Chi square, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression were used to analyse the data. Results. The level of uptake of focused antenatal care was slightly more than half (52%). The determinants of uptake of focused antenatal care are level of education, type of employment, household income, parity, and marital status of the pregnant women. Conclusion. Despite high attendance of at least one antenatal visit in Kenya, the uptake of focused antenatal care is proportionally low.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Physician Well-Being and Burnout Among Army Obstetricians and Gynecologists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devin M Walther ◽  
Mark E Kraus ◽  
Kelly E Beeken ◽  
Bruce D Pier
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Fellowship Training ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Physician Burnout ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
Professional Fulfillment

ABSTRACT Introduction Physician burnout is associated with unsafe patient care and poor patient satisfaction. Civilian studies show burnout rates of 46% among obstetricians/gynecologists (OB/GYNs). Army Active Duty (A-AD) physician burnout rates range from 7.7% to 26% across specialties, but no studies have assessed A-AD OB/GYN burnout. The objective of this study was to quantify well-being of A-AD OB/GYNs by determining rates of professional fulfillment (wellness) and burnout and detect factors of potential protective or risk for wellness and burnout. Methods A cross-sectional survey-based study was designed to determine well-being of A-AD OB/GYNs. This Institutional Review Board–approved study used the validated Professional Fulfillment Index. The survey was shared anonymously via email to 197 A-AD OB/GYNs. Additional questions asked as possible risk factors for burnout include location, training status, fellowship training, and remaining active duty service obligation (ADSO). Wellness and burnout rates were determined using published scales. Mean rates of wellness and burnout were reported, and chi-square tests detected associations between wellness/burnout and other variables. Results Eighty-three A-AD OB/GYNs responded to the survey (42%), with 73 available for full analysis. 26.5% had positive wellness, and 50% reported burnout. Completing fellowship training and shorter ADSO (of 0-2 years compared to >5 years) had higher rates of wellness. There were no differences in burnout among groups. Conclusions Burnout rates in A-AD OB/GYNs appear higher than A-AD physicians of other specialties but are similar to civilian OB/GYNs. Fellowship training may confer higher rates of wellness. Further research is needed regarding improvements in A-AD OB/GYN well-being and burnout.

Self Concept with the Stress of HIV/AIDS Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jek Amidos Pardede
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analytic Design ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS is one disease that is very dangerous. So the concept of HIV/AIDS patients self into a negative look at himself useless and do daily activities can stress menyababkan. This research aims to know the concept of relationship Stress yourself with HIV/AIDS in Patients was h. Adam Malik Medan. The type of research used analytic design with cross sectional correlation. The population of this research is the entire HIV/AIDS patients who are on Posyansus was in h. Adam Malik Medan. the sample in this study as many as 39 people taken with purposive sampling technique. The results showed a majority of positive self concept (92.2%), mild Stress (51.3%). Chi-square test result total sample 39 people. The results showed a positive Self Concept (92.2%), Mild Stress α = 0.05, showed no relationship with stress pasein Self Concept of HIV/AIDS was in h. Adam Malik Medan with a value of p value = 0.029. Advice for HIV/AIDS patients are expected to sustain its own self concept in order for HIV/AIDS patients. Can accept and appreciate her circumstances, keep the spirit and confidence, can better thanks to the changes that are happening to him so that to avoid the onset of stress.

scholarly journals ANALISIS TINGKAT DIMENSI KONSEP DIRI TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Susana Nurtanti ◽  
Sri Handayani ◽  
B Basuki
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hiv Aids

Masalah HIV dan AIDS yang menjadi tantangan kesehatan hampir di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Peran serta ODHA secara fisik dan psikologis sangat diperlukan agar kondisi kesehatannya tidak semakin memburuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa tingkat konsep diri terhadap  kualitas hidup ODHA yang menjalani perawatan di klinik voluntary consulting and testing (VCT) Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Soediran Mangoen Soemarso Wonogiri. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian diambil 30 orang, setara dengan 35 % dari penderita yang terdaftar dalam layanan selama periode pengumpulan data. Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif analisis kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross – sectional.  Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner tentang konsep diri dan WHOQOL-HIV BREF. Data yang diperoleh diolah dalam spreadsheet Excel dan diekspor ke SPSS versi 17.0 program. Hasil penelitian responden dengan konsep diri rendah yang mempunyai kualitas hidup tinggi adalah 5 orang (16,7%), rendah 12 orang (40,0%), responden dengan konsep diri tinggi mempunyai kualitas hidup tinggi adalah 9 orang (30,0 %), rendah 4 orang (13,3  %). Hasil chi square test menunjukkan p = 0,030 > 0,05 yang berarti ada hubungan yang signifikan antara konsep diri dengan kualitas hidup. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara diri fisik, diri keluarga, diri sosial dan kritik diri dengan kualitas hidup akan tetapi ada hubungan yang signifikan antara diri moral etik dan diri pribadi dengan kualitas hidup meskipun derajad hubungan masih rendah. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara konsep diri dengan kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini mempunyai kontribusi dalam peningkatan dimensi konsep diri yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup melalui kegiatan pada Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (KDS) dalam bentuk penyuluhan kesehatan, peningkatan ketrampilan dan diskusi dalam FGD.   HIV and AIDS being a health challenge in almost all over the world, including in Indonesia. The role of PLWHA in physical and psychological is very necessary. This study aims to analyze the level of self-concept of the quality of life of people with HIV / AIDS who undergo treatment at the voluntary consulting and testing (VCT) clinic of the Soediran Mangoen Soemarso Hospital Wonogiri. Sampling uses a purposive sampling technique The study sample was taken 30 people. The design of this research is descriptive quantitative analysis with cross-sectional approach. Data collection instruments used a questionnaire about self-concept and WHOQOL-HIV BREF. The data obtained was processed in an Excel spreadsheet and exported to SPSS version 17.0 of the program. The results of the research respondents with low self-concept who have a high quality of life are 5 people (16.7%), low 12 people (40.0%), respondents with high self-concept who have a high quality of life are 9 people (30.0% ), low 4 people (13.3%). Chi square test results showed p = 0.030> 0.05 which means there is a significant relationship between self-concept and quality of life. The conclusion of this study is that there is no significant relationship between physical self, family self, social self and self criticism with quality of life, there is a significant relationship between moral ethical self and personal self with quality of life although the degree of relationship is still low. There is a significant relationship between self concept with quality of life. The contribution of this research is to increase the dimensions of self-concept that affect the quality of life through activities in the Peer Support Group (KDS) in the form of health education, skills improvement and discussion in the FGD.

scholarly journals Contribution of Gender on Academic Self-Concept among Adolescents of Children Villages, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Rita Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Academic self-concept is the crucial part of the educational adjustments of adolescents. Thus this paper aims to assess the academic self-concept via gender of adolescents. For this purpose, researcher employed the post positivist philosophy with cross sectional survey design. The data was gathered through self-administered questionnaire from the 74 adolescents. This numbers of adolescent were randomly assigned from 95 adolescents according to the Wolff and Pant’s guidelines. After this, the researcher adopted both descriptive and Chi square test to analyze the results. This study revealed that the adolescents’ exhibit the elevated level of academic self-concept where their peer groups, teachers, school and families also make contribution. Likewise, gender makes significant effects in academic self-concept and exam results among adolescent. Finally, the academic self-concept makes sure about the well educational adjustment among adolescents and further promotes their successful career in near future.

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