scholarly journals Territorial analysis of Aedes aegypti distribution in two Colombian cities: a chorematic and ecosystem approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Fuentes-Vallejo ◽  
Diana Rocío Higuera-Mendieta ◽  
Tatiana García-Betancourt ◽  
Lucas Andrés Alcalá-Espinosa ◽  
Diana García-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Vector Density ◽  
Density Indices ◽  
Water Tanks ◽  
Territorial Analysis

A territorial analysis of Aedes aegypti density was conducted in two Colombian cities using an ecosystem and chorematic approach. Entomological and behavioral data (by cluster) and information on the urban context were used to analyze the relationship between territorial structures and dynamics and vector density. The results were represented in graphic (chorematic) models. Arauca showed higher vector density than Armenia. Higher density was related to unplanned urbanization, flood-prone areas, low socioeconomic strata, household water tanks, higher temperature, and recall of control measures for adult mosquitos. Zones with low density indices coincided with diverse socioeconomic, ecological, and behavioral conditions. The study found a relationship between territorial structures and dynamics and vector density in both Arauca and Armenia, where the interaction between ecological and social systems shape areas with high and low A. aegypti density.

scholarly journals Diversity of containers and buildings infested with Aedes aegypti in Puerto Iguazú, Argentina

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1802-1806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Costa ◽  
Gladys Fattore ◽  
Marcelo Abril
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Vacant Lots ◽  
Dengue Transmission ◽  
Water Tanks ◽  
The City ◽  
Oviposition Sites

Aedes aegypti is the main domestic vector of the dengue virus. Control measures to prevent dengue transmission focus on the treatment and elimination of this vector's oviposition sites. There is limited biological information on Ae. aegypti in Argentina. The aim of this study was to characterize Ae. aegypti oviposition sites in the city of Puerto Iguazú, Argentina. We surveyed an area covering nine neighborhoods in 2005. We identified 191 premises as positive for Ae. aegypti, giving a general house index of 9.6%. Premises classified as residential and vacant lots presented the highest number of infested premises, with 9% and 22% respectively. The total number of surveyed containers was 29,600. The overall container index (CI) was 1.1. The most frequently infested containers were water tanks (CI = 37). These preliminary results suggest that vacant lots and water tanks provide suitable breeding areas and environmental conditions, improving the chances of Ae. aegypti survival in Puerto Iguazú.

scholarly journals Aedes aegypti: egg morphology and embryonic development

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Miranda Mundim-Pombo ◽  
Hianka Jasmyne Costa de Carvalho ◽  
Rafaela Rodrigues Ribeiro ◽  
Marisol León ◽  
Durvanei Augusto Maria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Embryonic Cells ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Egg Morphology

Abstract Background The diseases for which Aedes aegypti is a vector are worrisome. The high vector competence of this mosquito, as well as its anthropophilia and ability to adapt to the urban environment, allows it to exploit many habitats, making its prevention an arduous task. Despite current disease control measures focused on the mosquito, the effectiveness in containing its dispersion still requires improvement; thus greater knowledge about this insect is fundamental. Methods Aedes aegypti egg morphology and embryonic development were analyzed from eggs of the insectary of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo. Optical (light and confocal) and electronic (transmission and scanning) microscopy were used to analyze the morphological and ultrastructural features of the eggs. Embryos were observed in the initial (0–20.5 h after egg-laying), intermediate (20.6–40.1 h after egg-laying), and final (40.2–61.6 h) stages of development, and kept at a temperature of 28 °C ± 1 °C until collection for processing. Results Eggs of Ae. aegypti were whitish at the time of oviposition, and then quickly became black. The egg length was 581.45 ± 39.73 μm and the width was 175.36 ± 11.59. Access to the embryo was difficult due to the egg morphology, point of embryonic development, and difficult permeability of the exochorion (mainly in fixation). Only about 5% of the collected eggs were successfully processed. In the initial stage of embryonic development, characteristics suggestive of intense cellular activity were found. In the intermediate stage, the beginning of the segmentation process was evident. In the final phase, it was possible to differentiate the cephalic region and the thoracic and abdominal segments. Conclusion The chorion was found to be an important protective barrier and a limiting factor for the evaluation of the embryos and mosquito embryonic cells, indicating that further studies need to be carried out to identify the reason that this occurs. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Identifying pre-outbreak signals of hand, foot and mouth disease based on landscape dynamic network marker

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhang Zhang ◽  
Rong Xie ◽  
Zhengrong Liu ◽  
Yucong Pan ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Landscape Dynamic ◽  
Clinic Visits

Abstract Background The high incidence, seasonal pattern and frequent outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) represent a threat for billions of children around the world. Detecting pre-outbreak signals of HFMD facilitates the timely implementation of appropriate control measures. However, real-time prediction of HFMD outbreaks is usually challenging because of its complexity intertwining both biological systems and social systems. Results By mining the dynamical information from city networks and horizontal high-dimensional data, we developed the landscape dynamic network marker (L-DNM) method to detect pre-outbreak signals prior to the catastrophic transition into HFMD outbreaks. In addition, we set up multi-level early warnings to achieve the purpose of distinguishing the outbreak scale. Specifically, we collected the historical information of clinic visits caused by HFMD infection between years 2009 and 2018 respectively from public records of Tokyo, Hokkaido, and Osaka, Japan. When applied to the city networks we modelled, our method successfully identified pre-outbreak signals in an average 5 weeks ahead of the HFMD outbreak. Moreover, from the performance comparisons with other methods, it is seen that the L-DNM based system performs better when given only the records of clinic visits. Conclusions The study on the dynamical changes of clinic visits in local district networks reveals the dynamic or landscapes of HFMD spread at the network level. Moreover, the results of this study can be used as quantitative references for disease control during the HFMD outbreak seasons.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTINUITY TYPE SUPPORTED BY JENTIK Aedes aegypti IN REGIONAL WORKING PUSKESMAS BULILI

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Budiman Budiman ◽  
Hamidah Hamidah
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Breeding Place

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a severe and potentially lethal dengue virus infection. DHF control measures can be performed on adult mosquitoes or in larvae. Controlling the larval stage can be done by cutting the chain of transmission of dengue disease through containers that made Aedes aegypti mosquitoes laying and breeding. This study aims to determine the preferred container characteristics of larva Aedes aegypti in the work area of Puskesmas Bulili, South Palu District. This research will be carried out in the work area of Puskes Puskesmas Public Health Center by using spot survey method by observing all containers potentially become Aedes aegypti larvae breeding place in research location. The variables under study will be presented in descriptive form by describing the environmental characteristics of containers preferred by Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae ranging from type, base material and container location. The results showed that the type of container favored by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes is the type of bathtub with a base material made of plastic and the location of the container inside the community house.Keywords : DHF, Container, Aedes aegypti

scholarly journals Larvicidal activity of phytoextracts against dengue fever vector, Aedes aegypti - A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalarikkal Venugopalan Lakshmi ◽  
Ambalaparambil Vasu Sudhikumar ◽  
Embalil Mathachan Aneesh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Efficient Control

Since Aedes aegypti is considered as the major vector of dengue fever, development of strategies to accomplish improved vector control without much interference in the environment composition are more common. As phytochemicals are now in the run for achieving this goal, this review is a humble attempt to recognize the plant species and their larvicidal efficacy with their inhibitory action on the life cycle of the species of interest, that has been documented through various studies conducted till date. Here we also discuss the synergistic impact of a number of phytoextracts which will provide more efficient control measures for mosquito vectors. All these studies are an exploration for a risk-free vector control tactic to replace the current chemical insecticide application for the betterment of our nature.

Risk of Dengue Spread from the Philippines through International Air Travel

2015 ◽  
Vol 2501 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Gardner ◽  
Sahotra Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Breeding Grounds ◽  
Traffic Volumes

Epidemics of dengue fever occur every 3 to 4 years in the Philippines. The risk of a dengue fever outbreak in the Philippines has been heightened since Typhoon Haiyan struck the region in November 2013 because recovery efforts have been slow to progress. The structural damage caused by the typhoon resulted in an abundance of standing water, which can serve as mosquito breeding grounds. Should an outbreak of dengue occur, infected travelers departing the Philippines pose a risk because they may introduce the dengue virus into local vector populations (of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) at their destinations. This study quantifies the risk posed by potentially infected travelers departing the Philippines by using a network model that incorporates predictive species distribution models, demographic features of destination areas, and air traffic volumes. The analysis reveals that a majority of travelers departing Philippine airports deplane in regions suitable for harboring Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus; this factor increases the likelihood of further spread of the disease if an outbreak were to occur. Because it is impractical to implement all possible monitoring and control measures at all locations connected to the Philippines, this analysis ranks the set of candidates and thus allows surveillance resources to be optimally deployed.

scholarly journals Quiescence in Aedes aegypti: Interpopulation Differences Contribute to Population Dynamics and Vectorial Capacity

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Oliva ◽  
Roseli La Corte ◽  
Marcelo Santana ◽  
Cleide Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Vectorial Capacity ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Male Predominance

The strategy of Aedes aegypti to prolong embryonic viability by quiescence has severe implications for geographic expansion and maintenance of mosquito populations in areas under control measures. We evaluated the effects of quiescence on biological parameters directly or indirectly associated with population dynamics and vectorial capacity in populations of this mosquito species from two Brazilian municipalities characterized as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika transmission areas. Egg viability, initial hatching time, post-embryonic development time, adult emergence rate, sexual proportion, adult size, fecundity, and fertility were analyzed using eggs stored for 10, 40, 70, 100, 130, and 160 d. Quiescence time reduced overall egg viability and post-embryonic development time in both municipalities but was more costly in Aracaju (100 d, 8 d) than in Recife (130 d, 7.5 d). Emergence rates increased in Recife when the eggs were older, but not in Aracaju. Significant deviations in sexual proportion, with male predominance, were observed in both populations. Initial hatch, fecundity, fertility, and adult size did not significantly influence egg quiescence time. These results indicate intrinsic and differential characteristics for each A. aegypti population, suggesting a differential cost of quiescence for population dynamics parameters that can indirectly affect vectorial capacity and control measures.

Notes on Culicine Mosquitos in Tanganyika Territory

1942 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Victor Harris
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Tree Holes ◽  
Constant Period ◽  
Domestic Breeding

The examination of mosquito larvae collected by house searchers on Stegomyia control measures in Dar-es-Salaam, the largest town in Tanganyika, shows that Aëdes aegypti is definitely the predominant domestic breeder there. The other species of the genus Aëdes encountered are listed with their frequencies.Similarly the examination of larvae found in tree-holes in Dar-es-Salaam shows that Aëdes aegypti, A. simpsoni and A. metallicus are regularly encountered.A system of obtaining an index of the population density of both A. aegypti and A. simpsoni, unconnected with the actual process of Stegomyia control measures, is described. This would be applicable to smaller towns, rural districts, and towns in high rainfall areas where A. aegypti is not the only danger as a yellow fever vector, and where extra-domestic breeding is important. The system is based on the exposure of a fixed number of bamboo pots containing water for a constant period of days, to attract egg-laying female mosquitos. Species of mosquitos and their frequencies obtained in a series of trials are given.

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