Nutritional status of urban adolescents: individual, household and neighborhood factors based on data from The BH Health Study

Abstract The increasing prevalence of overweight in young people suggests that adolescent nutritional status is influenced by environmental factors. Using hierarchical modelling, this study aimed to analyse the association between individual, household and neighborhood factors and adolescent nutritional status and well-being. The study used data from a population-based household survey conducted in Belo Horizonte, the capital of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2008 and 2009. Data was obtained from an adult and adolescent in each household using a confidential questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Adolescent nutritional status was evaluated using multinomial regression analysis considering distal and proximal influences. The prevalence of overweight and thinness among the sample of 1,030 adolescents was 21.9% and 4.6%, respectively. Although variables from all blocks remained in the final model, head of household education level, family habits and family nutritional status were shown to strongly influence adolescent nutritional status. New approaches to public health are needed which focus on raising awareness and promoting health education targeting teenagers and their social context.

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Prevalence of Multimorbidity of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Brazil: Population-Based Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.29693 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Shi ◽

Simone Maria da Silva Lima ◽

Caroline Maria de Miranda Mota ◽

Ying Lu ◽

Randall S Stafford ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Household Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

National Sample ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Services ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Chronic Diseases

BACKGROUND Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of two or more chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE This study, based on self-reported medical diagnosis, aims to investigate the dynamic distribution of multimorbidity across sociodemographic levels and its impacts on health-related issues over 15 years in Brazil using national data. METHODS Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, hypothesis tests, and logistic regression. The study sample comprised 679,572 adults (18-59 years of age) and 115,699 elderly people (≥60 years of age) from the two latest cross-sectional, multiple-cohort, national-based studies: the National Sample Household Survey (PNAD) of 1998, 2003, and 2008, and the Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS) of 2013. RESULTS Overall, the risk of multimorbidity in adults was 1.7 times higher in women (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% CI 1.67-1.79) and 1.3 times higher among people without education (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.28-1.41). Multiple chronic diseases considerably increased with age in Brazil, and people between 50 and 59 years old were about 12 times more likely to have multimorbidity than adults between 18 and 29 years of age (OR 11.89, 95% CI 11.27-12.55). Seniors with multimorbidity had more than twice the likelihood of receiving health assistance in community services or clinics (OR 2.16, 95% CI 2.02-2.31) and of being hospitalized (OR 2.37, 95% CI 2.21-2.56). The subjective well-being of adults with multimorbidity was often worse than people without multiple chronic diseases (OR=12.85, 95% CI: 12.07-13.68). These patterns were similar across all 4 cohorts analyzed and were relatively stable over 15 years. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows little variation in the prevalence of the multimorbidity of chronic diseases in Brazil over time, but there are differences in the prevalence of multimorbidity across different social groups. It is hoped that the analysis of multimorbidity from the two latest Brazil national surveys will support policy making on epidemic prevention and management.

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General methodological aspects in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00300020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽

Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽

Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽

Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda ◽

Paula Normando ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

National Survey ◽

Child Nutrition ◽

Household Survey ◽

Federal District ◽

Population Based ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Nutrition Policies ◽

Methodological Aspects ◽

And Control

Abstract: This article aims to present general methodological aspects of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), from the conception of the study design to details of the data collection. This is a household-based population survey with a sample calculated at 15,000 households to identify children under five years of age, conducted in 123 municipalities in Brazil’s 26 states and the Federal District. ENANI-2019 includes data on breastfeeding and dietary intake; anthropometric nutritional status of all children and their biological mothers; and nutritional status concerning the following micronutrients: iron (hemoglobin and ferritin), zinc, selenium, and vitamins A, B1, B6, B12, D, E, and folic acid of children from 6 to 59 months of age. A total of 193,212 households were visited, of which 19,951 were eligible, and 12,524 were included in the study. A total of 14,558 children were studied, of whom 13,990 (96.1%) and 13,921 (95.6%) had their body mass and length/stature measured, respectively, and 14,541 (99.9%) underwent 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR). Of the 12,598 children eligible for blood sample collection, 8,739 (69.3%) had at least one laboratory parameter measured. Data were collected from February 2019 to March 2020, when the survey was interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The evidence produced by the ENANI-2019 survey can back the formulation, follow-up, and/or reorientation of food and nutrition policies such as the promotion of breastfeeding and healthy eating and the prevention and control of different forms of malnutrition.

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Influence of different body mass index cut-off values in assessing the nutritional status of adolescents in a household survey

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2009000800021 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1850-1857 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Fabio da Silva Gomes ◽

Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽

Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Body Mass ◽

Task Force ◽

Household Survey ◽

Population Based ◽

Female Adolescent ◽

World Health ◽

Adolescent Population ◽

Health Organization

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric nutritional status of the adolescent population of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and the influence of changes in the adopted body mass index (BMI) cut-offs in the nutritional status assessment of the adolescent population. A population-based survey conducted in 2003 obtained data from a probabilistic sample of 1,734 households and 523 adolescents. The multiple proportions test and prevalence ratios were used to analyze differences between estimates obtained from different BMI cut-offs. Changes in cut-off values from the old to the new recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO) resulted in a significant increase in overweight prevalence among total, male and female adolescent population (25%, 27% and 23%, respectively) (p < 0.05). There were significant increases in the prevalence of low-BMI-for-age among the total (29% increase) and male (39%) adolescent populations when the proposal of the International Obesity Task Force was compared to current WHO BMI-for-age cut-offs (p < 0.05). It is shown that a simple change in cut-off values used to define the anthropometric nutritional status can significantly modify the nutritional profile of an adolescent population.

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Factors Associated With Social Isolation Among Older Adults: The Singapore Chinese Health Study

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.543 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 168-168

Author(s):

Jon Barrenetxea ◽

Yang Yi ◽

Woon Puay Koh ◽

Feng Qiushi

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Well Being ◽

Population Based ◽

Living Alone ◽

Health Study ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Singapore Chinese

Abstract Social isolation is a determinant of mortality and well-being among older people. Factors associated with isolation could be different in societies where older adults live mainly with family, as individuals might feel isolated despite living with others. We studied the factors associated with isolation among 16,948 older adults from follow-up 3 of the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based cohort of older Singapore Chinese (mean age of 73, range: 61-96 years). We defined social isolation as having “zero hour per week” of participation in social activities involving 3 or more people and scoring the lowest decile on the Duke Social Support Scale of perceived social support. We used multivariable logistic regressions to compute odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for factors associated with likelihood of social isolation. Although only 14.4% of isolated participants lived alone, living alone remained a significant factor associated with isolation (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.58-2.35), together with cognitive impairment (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.46-2.04) and depression (OR 2.44, 95% CI 2.12-2.80). Higher education level was inversely associated with isolation (p for trend<0.001). In stratified analysis, among those living alone, compared to women, men had higher odds of social isolation (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.43-3.32) than among those not living alone (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.84-1.17) (p for interaction<0.001). Our results showed that living alone, cognitive impairment and depression were indicators of isolation among older Singaporeans. In addition, among those living alone, men were more likely to experience social isolation than women.

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Noise annoyance, sociodemographic and health patterns, and neighborhood perceptions in a Brazilian metropolis: BH Health Study

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1980-549720210038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Abalen Martins Dias ◽

Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa ◽

Dário Alves da Silva Costa ◽

César Coelho Xavier ◽

Fernando Augusto Proietti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Study ◽

Self Perception ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Late Night ◽

Noise Annoyance ◽

Belo Horizonte

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aims to analyze the association of noise annoyance with individual and sociodemographic factors and self-perception of the neighborhood in an urban center. Methods: Data were collected through a population-based cross-sectional study held in two of the nine health districts in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2008 to 2009. The study included 3,934 individuals of both genders, aged 18 years and older. The response variable was the self-perception of noise, investigated by the question: “In your neighborhood, does the noise bother you?” The explanatory variables were grouped into the following domains: sociodemographic, social determinants, self-rated health, and self-reported diseases. Results: The prevalence of noise annoyance was 47% for women and 39.8% for men. For both genders, noise annoyance was independently associated with bad traffic and the presence of loud music, discussions, and late-night parties. Conclusion: Gender differences were identified in the association of noise annoyance with sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported morbidity. Traffic and social customs were the main sources of noise in the regions under study.

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Adversity, cannabis use and psychotic experiences: evidence of cumulative and synergistic effects

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.113.134452 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 204 (5) ◽

pp. 346-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Craig Morgan ◽

Ulrich Reininghaus ◽

Abraham Reichenberg ◽

Souci Frissa ◽

Matthew Hotopf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Childhood Abuse ◽

Life Events ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Childhood Adversity ◽

Household Survey ◽

Population Based ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Health Study ◽

Psychotic Experiences ◽

Increased Risk

BackgroundThere is robust evidence that childhood adversity is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. There is, however, little research on intervening factors that might increase or decrease risk following childhood adversity.AimsTo investigate main effects of, and synergy between, childhood abuse and life events and cannabis use on odds of psychotic experiences.MethodData on psychotic experiences and childhood abuse, life events and cannabis use were collected from 1680 individuals as part of the South East London Community Health Study (SELCoH), a population-based household survey.ResultsThere was strong evidence that childhood abuse and number of life events combined synergistically to increase odds of psychotic experiences beyond the effects of each individually. There was similar, but weaker, evidence for cannabis use (past year).ConclusionsOur findings are consistent with the hypothesis that childhood abuse creates an enduring vulnerability to psychosis that is realised in the event of exposure to further stressors and risk factors.

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SABE Colombia: Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Colombia—Study Design and Protocol

Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research ◽

10.1155/2016/7910205 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Fernando Gomez ◽

Jairo Corchuelo ◽

Carmen-Lucia Curcio ◽

Maria-Teresa Calzada ◽

Fabian Mendez

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Total Sample ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Study ◽

Active Aging ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multidisciplinary Study

Objective. To describe the design of the SABE Colombia study. The major health study of the old people in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is the Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in LAC, SABE (from initials in Spanish: SAlud, Bienestar & Envejecimiento). Methods. The SABE Colombia is a population-based cross-sectional study on health, aging, and well-being of elderly individuals aged at least 60 years focusing attention on social determinants of health inequities. Methods and design were similar to original LAC SABE. The total sample size of the study at the urban and rural research sites (244 municipalities) was 23.694 elderly Colombians representative of the total population. The study had three components: (1) a questionnaire covering active aging determinants including anthropometry, blood pressure measurement, physical function, and biochemical and hematological measures; (2) a subsample survey among family caregivers; (3) a qualitative study with gender and cultural perspectives of quality of life to understand different dimensions of people meanings. Conclusions. The SABE Colombia is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary study of the elderly with respect to active aging determinants. The results of this study are intended to inform public policies aimed at tackling health inequalities for the aging society in Colombia.

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Prevalence of Multimorbidity of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases in Brazil: Population-Based Study

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance ◽

10.2196/29693 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. e29693

Author(s):

Xin Shi ◽

Simone Maria da Silva Lima ◽

Caroline Maria de Miranda Mota ◽

Ying Lu ◽

Randall S Stafford ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Household Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

National Sample ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Services ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Chronic Diseases

Background Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of two or more chronic diseases. Objective This study, based on self-reported medical diagnosis, aims to investigate the dynamic distribution of multimorbidity across sociodemographic levels and its impacts on health-related issues over 15 years in Brazil using national data. Methods Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, hypothesis tests, and logistic regression. The study sample comprised 679,572 adults (18-59 years of age) and 115,699 elderly people (≥60 years of age) from the two latest cross-sectional, multiple-cohort, national-based studies: the National Sample Household Survey (PNAD) of 1998, 2003, and 2008, and the Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS) of 2013. Results Overall, the risk of multimorbidity in adults was 1.7 times higher in women (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% CI 1.67-1.79) and 1.3 times higher among people without education (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.28-1.41). Multiple chronic diseases considerably increased with age in Brazil, and people between 50 and 59 years old were about 12 times more likely to have multimorbidity than adults between 18 and 29 years of age (OR 11.89, 95% CI 11.27-12.55). Seniors with multimorbidity had more than twice the likelihood of receiving health assistance in community services or clinics (OR 2.16, 95% CI 2.02-2.31) and of being hospitalized (OR 2.37, 95% CI 2.21-2.56). The subjective well-being of adults with multimorbidity was often worse than people without multiple chronic diseases (OR=12.85, 95% CI: 12.07-13.68). These patterns were similar across all 4 cohorts analyzed and were relatively stable over 15 years. Conclusions Our study shows little variation in the prevalence of the multimorbidity of chronic diseases in Brazil over time, but there are differences in the prevalence of multimorbidity across different social groups. It is hoped that the analysis of multimorbidity from the two latest Brazil national surveys will support policy making on epidemic prevention and management.

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Methodological aspects of the anthropometric assessment in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00293320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽

Haroldo da Silva Ferreira ◽

Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽

Maiara Brusco de Freitas ◽

Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Body Mass ◽

National Survey ◽

Child Nutrition ◽

Household Survey ◽

Population Based ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Under Five ◽

Methodological Aspects ◽

Anthropometric Assessment

Abstract: The article presents methodological aspects of anthropometric assessment of nutritional status in children under five years of age and their biological mothers. It discusses the strategies used for training and data collection in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). ENANI-2019 is a population-based household survey conducted in 123 municipalities in Brazil’s 26 states and the Federal District. The anthropometric measurements were body mass and length/stature. The equipment was purchased according to its measurement capacity and precision, portability, and cost-benefit ratio after an extensive market search. The study used internationally established procedures described in manuals, videos, and support material developed for the study by a group of experts. The interviewers were trained to perform the anthropometric measurements and were assessed according to technical measurement error, which was considered adequate (0.30cm) for the children’s length/stature measurements. Measurement errors were identified, and the interviewers were retrained when necessary. Of the 14,558 children in the sample, body mass and length/stature measurements were taken in duplicate in 13,835 and 13,693 children, respectively. The standardized methodological aspects will be helpful in future population studies and were essential for obtaining greater reliability in the data for generating current evidence on the anthropometric assessment of the nutritional status of Brazilian children under five years of age, allowing new perspectives for public policy development.

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The association between clusters of chronic conditions and psychological well-being in younger and older people—A cross-sectional, population-based study from the Lolland-Falster Health Study, Denmark

Journal of Comorbidity ◽

10.1177/2235042x20981185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 2235042X2098118

Author(s):

Lars Hermann Tang ◽

Lau Caspar Thygesen ◽

Tora Grauers Willadsen ◽

Randi Jepsen ◽

Karen la Cour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Conditions ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Age Groups ◽

Well Being ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Psychological Well Being

Aim: To investigate the association between clusters of conditions and psychological well-being across age groups. Method: This cross-sectional study used data collected in the Danish population-based Lolland-Falster Health Study. We included adults over the age of 18 years. Self-reported chronic conditions were divided into 10 groups of conditions. The primary outcome was psychological well-being (the WHO-5 Well-Being Index). Factor analysis constructed the clusters of conditions, and regression analysis investigated the association between clusters and psychological well-being. Results: Of 10,781 participants, 31.4% were between 18 and 49 years, 35.7% were between 50 and 64 years and 32.9% were above ≥65 years. 35.2% had conditions represented in 1 and 32.9% in at least 2 of 10 condition groups. Across age groups, living with one or more chronic conditions was associated with poorer psychological well-being. Two chronic condition patterns were identified; one comprised cardiovascular, endocrine, kidney, musculoskeletal and cancer conditions, the second mental, lung, neurological, gastrointestinal and sensory conditions. Both patterns were associated with poorer psychological well-being (Pattern 1: −4.5 (95% CI: −5.3 to −3.7), Pattern 2: −9.1 (95% CI −13.8 to −8.2). For pattern 2, participants ≥65 years had poorer psychological well-being compared to younger (−12.6 (95% CI −14.2 to −11.0) vs −6.6 (95% CI: −7.8 to −5.4) for 18–49 years and −8.7 (95% CI: −10.1 to −7.3) for 50–64 years, interaction: p ≤ 0.001) Conclusion: Living with one or more chronic conditions is associated with poorer psychological well-being. Findings point toward a greater focus on supporting psychological well-being in older adults with both mental and somatic conditions.

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