scholarly journals Methodological aspects of the anthropometric assessment in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽  
Haroldo da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽  
Maiara Brusco de Freitas ◽  
Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Anthropometric Assessment

Abstract: The article presents methodological aspects of anthropometric assessment of nutritional status in children under five years of age and their biological mothers. It discusses the strategies used for training and data collection in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). ENANI-2019 is a population-based household survey conducted in 123 municipalities in Brazil’s 26 states and the Federal District. The anthropometric measurements were body mass and length/stature. The equipment was purchased according to its measurement capacity and precision, portability, and cost-benefit ratio after an extensive market search. The study used internationally established procedures described in manuals, videos, and support material developed for the study by a group of experts. The interviewers were trained to perform the anthropometric measurements and were assessed according to technical measurement error, which was considered adequate (0.30cm) for the children’s length/stature measurements. Measurement errors were identified, and the interviewers were retrained when necessary. Of the 14,558 children in the sample, body mass and length/stature measurements were taken in duplicate in 13,835 and 13,693 children, respectively. The standardized methodological aspects will be helpful in future population studies and were essential for obtaining greater reliability in the data for generating current evidence on the anthropometric assessment of the nutritional status of Brazilian children under five years of age, allowing new perspectives for public policy development.

scholarly journals General methodological aspects in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽  
Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda ◽  
Paula Normando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
And Control

Abstract: This article aims to present general methodological aspects of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), from the conception of the study design to details of the data collection. This is a household-based population survey with a sample calculated at 15,000 households to identify children under five years of age, conducted in 123 municipalities in Brazil’s 26 states and the Federal District. ENANI-2019 includes data on breastfeeding and dietary intake; anthropometric nutritional status of all children and their biological mothers; and nutritional status concerning the following micronutrients: iron (hemoglobin and ferritin), zinc, selenium, and vitamins A, B1, B6, B12, D, E, and folic acid of children from 6 to 59 months of age. A total of 193,212 households were visited, of which 19,951 were eligible, and 12,524 were included in the study. A total of 14,558 children were studied, of whom 13,990 (96.1%) and 13,921 (95.6%) had their body mass and length/stature measured, respectively, and 14,541 (99.9%) underwent 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR). Of the 12,598 children eligible for blood sample collection, 8,739 (69.3%) had at least one laboratory parameter measured. Data were collected from February 2019 to March 2020, when the survey was interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The evidence produced by the ENANI-2019 survey can back the formulation, follow-up, and/or reorientation of food and nutrition policies such as the promotion of breastfeeding and healthy eating and the prevention and control of different forms of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Sampling plan of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos ◽  
Pedro Luis do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini ◽  
Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Geographic Regions

The article describes methodological aspects in defining the study population, sampling plan, and sample weigthing and calibration of effective sample of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). This population-based household survey assessed breastfeeding and dietary intake, anthropometric assessment of nutritional status, and micronutrient deficiencies by blood biomarkers in children under five years of age. The data were obtained with a probability sample, with stratification by the five geographic regions in the country and clustering by census enumeration areas (CEAs). The sample was calculated at 15,000 households distributed in 1,500 CEAs, with 300 allocated in each of Brazil’s five major geographic regions and 10 eligible households per CEA, sampled using inverse sampling. The required population parameters were thus estimated to reach the study’s objectives. The basic sampling design weights were calculated as the inverse probabilities of the households’ inclusion in the study. Imputation was used to compensate for non-response to items in the target variables, except for data on the blood biomarkers. Finally, calibration used population totals of children in 60 post-strata, defined by cross-classification of the following variables: major geographic region, sex, and age. The final sample included 14,558 children residing in 12,524 households, distributed in 1,382 CEAs in the 26 states of Brazil and the Federal District. The data from the ENANI-2019 survey will support strategies for the promotion and implementation of public policies for children under five years of age.

scholarly journals Methodological aspects of the assessment of dietary intake in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda ◽  
Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini ◽  
Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

Abstract: This manuscript aims to describe the methodological, operational, and quality control aspects of the assessment of dietary intake in children under five years of age participating in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), a household survey in a probability sample of Brazilian households. Two instruments were developed to assess child feeding practices - a structured, current status-type questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall (24HR), both installed in a mobile data collection device used by previously trained interviewers. A Photographic Manual for Quantification of Children’s Dietary Intake was specifically developed for and used in the survey as a support aid to identify and quantify foods reported in the 24HR. During the fieldwork, continuous quality control of the records was performed. Data errors or incomplete data in the system were corrected, and the fieldwork team was systematically contacted and informed on their performance, with reiterated orientation on data collection. All children in the sample were evaluated with the two instruments, but data were obtained from the structured questionnaire on all children in the sample (n = 14,558) and 24HR on 14,541 children. ENANI-2019 developed innovative methods and materials based on the Brazilian and international literature to address knowledge gaps on under-five children’s dietary intake. Unprecedented results will be produced, which will allow updating food and nutrition guidelines for children under five years of age in Brazil.

scholarly journals Influence of different body mass index cut-off values in assessing the nutritional status of adolescents in a household survey

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1850-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio da Silva Gomes ◽  
Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽  
Mauricio Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Health Organization

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric nutritional status of the adolescent population of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and the influence of changes in the adopted body mass index (BMI) cut-offs in the nutritional status assessment of the adolescent population. A population-based survey conducted in 2003 obtained data from a probabilistic sample of 1,734 households and 523 adolescents. The multiple proportions test and prevalence ratios were used to analyze differences between estimates obtained from different BMI cut-offs. Changes in cut-off values from the old to the new recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO) resulted in a significant increase in overweight prevalence among total, male and female adolescent population (25%, 27% and 23%, respectively) (p < 0.05). There were significant increases in the prevalence of low-BMI-for-age among the total (29% increase) and male (39%) adolescent populations when the proposal of the International Obesity Task Force was compared to current WHO BMI-for-age cut-offs (p < 0.05). It is shown that a simple change in cut-off values used to define the anthropometric nutritional status can significantly modify the nutritional profile of an adolescent population.

scholarly journals Methodological aspects of the micronutrient assessment in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Paula Normando ◽  
Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽  
Flávia Fioruci Bezerra ◽  
Marta Citelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Methodological Aspects

This article aims to present methodological aspects on the collection, analyses, coverage, challenges, and the lessons learned from laboratory assessment of micronutrients on the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). This is a household survey on a probability sample of children under five years of age from 123 Brazilian municipalities in all 26 states and the Federal District. Blood samples were drawn by venipuncture at the homes of children 6 to 59 months of age. This procedure was performed by experienced phlebotomists from the laboratories located in the selected municipalities and scheduled in advance. Blood and serum levels were measured for biomarkers of nutritional status, using the services of a clinical test laboratory with nationwide coverage, for the following micronutrients: iron (hemoglobin and ferritin), zinc, selenium, folic acid, and vitamins A, B1, B6, B12, D, and E. C-reactive protein was analyzed as a marker of inflammation. A barcode identifier was used to track the blood samples and to link the biochemical test results to the other data collected in the survey. A total of 14,558 children were studied. Of the 12,598 eligible children, 8,829 (70.1%) had blood samples drawn. Of the total number of children who had samples drawn, 91.8% (n = 8,025) have results for at least nine of the 12 analyses performed. Coverage of the analysis varied from 95% (for vitamins A and E) to 84.2% (for folic acid). Aliquots of whole blood and serum were stored in a biorepository for future analyses. The results of this pioneering study in the country will back the formulation and, when necessary, the reorientation of public policies in food and nutrition.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Nutritional Status of the Under Five Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Size At Birth

Objective: To identify factors associated to the nutritional status of under five children.Method: The data used in this analysis are from Demographic and Health Survey 2006 conducted in Nepal. Total 5262 cases are included in the present study. A multinomial logistic regression model is used to study the relation between various factors and nutritional status.Results: Increasing body mass index of mothers and wealth index shows decreasing likelihood of malnutrition among children. Rural children show insignificant higher likelihood of different forms of underweight and wasting as compared to urban area. Frequency of listening radio does not show significant association in case of mild and moderate wasting and shown very high unusual odds ratio in case of severe wasting.  Similarly, lower frequency of watching television also does not show significantly higher likeliness of different form of stunting, underweight and wasting. Female children are more likely to be stunted, underweight and wasted as compared to male. Female headed households are more likely to have moderately and mildly stunted children and mixed results are observed for underweight and wasting. The likelihood for all forms of malnutrition is higher among children with smaller than average size at birth as compared to average or bigger size at birth.  Mixed results are observed regarding likelihood of different forms of malnutrition among children with mothers having different educational level.Conclusion: Body mass index of mothers is found significant variable while explaining children's nutritional status. Similarly, Size at birth is significantly associated with nutrition during the childhood.Keywords: Stunting; wasting; under weight; under five childrenDOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i1.2927Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.1(1) 2010 p.6-8

scholarly journals Nutritional status of urban adolescents: individual, household and neighborhood factors based on data from The BH Health Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 232-245
Author(s):  
Stephanie Bispo ◽  
Maria Isabel Toulson Davisson Correia ◽  
Fernando Augusto Proietti ◽  
César Coelho Xavier ◽  
Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Neighborhood Factors ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Belo Horizonte

Abstract The increasing prevalence of overweight in young people suggests that adolescent nutritional status is influenced by environmental factors. Using hierarchical modelling, this study aimed to analyse the association between individual, household and neighborhood factors and adolescent nutritional status and well-being. The study used data from a population-based household survey conducted in Belo Horizonte, the capital of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2008 and 2009. Data was obtained from an adult and adolescent in each household using a confidential questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Adolescent nutritional status was evaluated using multinomial regression analysis considering distal and proximal influences. The prevalence of overweight and thinness among the sample of 1,030 adolescents was 21.9% and 4.6%, respectively. Although variables from all blocks remained in the final model, head of household education level, family habits and family nutritional status were shown to strongly influence adolescent nutritional status. New approaches to public health are needed which focus on raising awareness and promoting health education targeting teenagers and their social context.

scholarly journals Hubungan Riwayat Imunisasi dengan Status Gizi Balita

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Siti Nurhasiyah Jamil ◽  
Aning Subiyatin
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Relationship Of

The toddler period is a period that must be observed property, at this time the direction of child development will be determined for the next period. The purpose of this study was to study the immunization status of nutritional status in infants. The research design used was cross-sectional in the work area of Johar Baru Health Center, Jakarta Pusat, which was conducted from April–June 2019. The population of all children aged 6-59 months, while the study sample was infants with stunting of 105 respondents, which is data child nutrition in Health Center. Data processing and analysis using SPSS with Chi-Square statistical test, the confidence level of 95%. The results of variables related to the nutritional status of children under five are the relationship of immunization P value (0.004 OR and CI (0.173 (0.051-0.59). The conclusion of the variable related to the nutritional status of under-five children is immunization.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nutritional Status of Children With Congenital Heart Disease: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awoere T. Chinawa ◽  
Josephat M. Chinawa ◽  
Chika Onyinyechi Duru ◽  
Bartholomew F. Chukwu ◽  
Ijeoma Obumneme-Anyim
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Background: Malnutrition poses a great burden to children in the tropics. However, this seems to be accentuated in children with congenital heart disease.Objectives: The present study is therefore aimed at determining the nutritional status of children with congenital heart disease and to compare them with those without congenital heart disease.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, where congenital heart disease was diagnosed by means of echocardiograph. Anthro software was used to calculate Z scores for weight for age (WAZ), height for age (HAZ), and weight for height (WHZ). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by the formula BMI = Weight (Kg)/height (M2).Results: The body mass index-for-age z-score (BAZ) and height/length-for-age z-score (HAZ) were calculated for both subjects and controls to determine their nutritional status. It was observed that 38.5% (112/291) of the subjects were wasted (BAZ &lt; −2SD) compared to 6.25% (16/256) of the controls and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 81.2, p &lt; 0.001). Stunting (height/length-for-age z-score &lt; −2SD) was also observed in a greater proportion of subjects than controls as 37.8% (107/291) of subjects were stunted compared with 7.0% (18/256) of the controls (χ2 = 69.9, p &lt; 0.001). The under-five subjects had more cases of malnutrition than the controls of same age group as illustrated in Table 6. Whereas 42.9% (96/224) of the under-five subjects were wasted, only 6.2% (12/192) of the controls were wasted. On the other hand, 4.2% (8/192) of the under-five controls were obese compared to 0.9% (2/224) of the subjects of similar age group.Conclusion: Children with congenital heart disease present with varying degrees of malnutrition that is worse compared with children without congenital heart disease. The impact of malnutrition is worse among children under the age of five. Wasting is more prevalent in children with cyanotic heart disease compared with those with acyanotic congenital heart disease. Overweight and obesity were notable features of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease, but this is worse in children without congenital heart disease.

scholarly journals DISCORDANCE BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND WITH LIPOATROPHY/LIPOHYPERTROPHY SYNDROME

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lismeia Raimundo SOARES ◽  
Daniela Cardeal da SILVA ◽  
Claudio R. GONSALEZ ◽  
Felipe G. BATISTA ◽  
Luiz Augusto M. FONSECA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has improved and extended the lives of thousands of people living with HIV/AIDS around the world. However, this treatment can lead to the development of adverse reactions such as lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome (LLS) and its associated risks. Objective: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of self-reported lipodystrophy and nutritional status by anthropometric measurements in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods: An observational study of 227 adult patients in the Secondary Immunodeficiencies Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (3002 ADEE-HCFMUSP). The sample was divided into three groups; Group 1 = 92 patients on HAART and with self-reported lipodystrophy, Group 2 = 70 patients on HAART without self-reported lipodystrophy and Group 3 = 65 patients not taking HAART. The nutritional status of individuals in the study sample was determined by body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (% BF). The cardiovascular risk and diseases associated with abdominal obesity were determined by waist/hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC). Results: The prevalence of self-reported lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome was 33% among women and 59% among men. Anthropometry showed depletion of fat mass in the evaluation of the triceps (TSF) in the treatment groups with HAART and was statistically independent of gender; for men p = 0.001, and for women p = 0.007. Similar results were found in the measurement of skin folds of the upper and lower body (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003 respectively). In assessing the nutritional status of groups by BMI and % BF, excess weight and body fat were more prevalent among women compared to men (p = 0.726). The WHR and WC revealed risks for cardiovascular and other diseases associated with abdominal obesity for women on HAART and with self-reported LLS (p = 0.005) and (p = 0.011). Conclusions: Anthropometric measurements were useful in the confirmation of the prevalence of LLS. BMI alone does not appear to be a good parameter for assessing the nutritional status of HIV-infected patients on HAART and with LLS. Other anthropometric measurements are needed to evaluate patients with the lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document