scholarly journals Effects of cryotherapy methods on circulatory, metabolic, inflammatory and neural properties: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Freire ◽  
Jeam Geremia ◽  
Bruno Manfredini Baroni ◽  
Marco Aurélio Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Nerve Conduction Velocity ◽  
Neuromuscular System ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pressure Oxygen ◽  
Physiological Reactions

Abstract Introduction: The cooling therapy (cryotherapy) is commonly used in clinical environmental for the injuries treatment according to its beneficial effects on pain, local inflammation and the recovery time of patients. However, there is no consensus in the literature about the effects of cryotherapy in the physiological reactions of affected tissues after an injury. Objective: To realize a systematic review to analyze the cryotherapy effects on circulatory, metabolic, inflammatory and neural parameters. Materials and methods: A search was performed in PubMed, SciELO, PEDro and Scopus databases following the eligibility criteria. Included studies were methodologically assessed by PEDro scale. Results: 13 original studies were selected and presented high methodological quality. Discussion: The cryotherapy promotes a significant decrease in blood flow, in venous capillary pressure, oxygen saturation and hemoglobin (only for superficial tissues) and nerve conduction velocity. However, the effect of cryotherapy on the concentration of inflammatory substances induced by exercise, as the creatine kinase enzyme and myoglobin, remains unclear. Conclusion: The physiological reactions to the cryotherapy application are favorable to the use of this therapeutic tool in inflammatory treatment and pain decrease, and demonstrate its importance in the neuromuscular system injuries rehabilitation.

scholarly journals The Effects of Multi-Component Interventions on Cognition: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 650-650
Author(s):  
Sangwoo Ahn ◽  
Joel Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cohen’S D ◽  
Cohen's D

Abstract Given the lack of a cure for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the number of people with AD is expected to surge unless the onset is delayed. Although there have been efforts to examine the effects of single-domain neuroprotective interventions on cognition, no conclusive results have been found so far. Due to the multifactorial causes of AD, interventions combining multiple neuroprotective components may induce more beneficial effects. However, there are few comprehensive reviews evaluating the effects of multi-domain programs on cognition. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of currently available multi-component interventions on cognition such as global cognition, episodic memory, and/or executive function affected early in AD. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO up to September 2020. Of the 1,445 articles located, 17 met eligibility criteria (n = 10,056, mean age = 72.8 years). According to the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies, 8 and 9 studies had strong and moderate overall quality, respectively. The effect sizes of each included study were calculated using Cohen’s d. Multi-component interventions comprising physical activity, cognitive exercise, cardioprotective nutrition, and/or cardiovascular health consultation/education exerted beneficial effects on cognition (very small to moderate effect sizes; Cohen’s d = 0.16 to 0.77). Clinically, health care providers are recommended to consider those elements to potentially stave off AD. There is a pressing need for researchers to identify optimally effective doses of neuroprotective multi-component interventions.

scholarly journals Postmatch recovery of physical performance and biochemical markers in team ball sports: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H Doeven ◽  
Michel S Brink ◽  
Silke J Kosse ◽  
Koen A P M Lemmink
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Time Courses

BackgroundInsufficient postmatch recovery in elite players may cause an increased risk of injuries, illnesses and non-functional over-reaching.ObjectiveTo evaluate postmatch recovery time courses of physical performance and biochemical markers in team ball sport players.Study designSystematic review.Data sourcesPubMed and Web of Science.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesThis systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies was used to evaluate quality. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) original research evaluated players’ physical recovery postmatch; (2) team/intermittent sports; and (3) at least two postmeasurements were compared with baseline values.ResultsTwenty-eight studies were eligible. Mean methodological quality was 11.2±1.11. Most used performance tests and biochemical markers were the countermovement jump test, sprint tests and creatine kinase (CK), cortisol (C) and testosterone (T), respectively.Summary/conclusionsThe current evidence demonstrates that underlying mechanisms of muscle recovery are still in progress while performance recovery is already reached. CK recovery time courses are up to ≥72 hours. Soccer and rugby players need more time to recover for sprint performance, CK and C in comparison to other team ball sports. There are more high-quality studies needed regarding recovery in various team sports and recovery strategies on an individual level should be evaluated.Clinical relevanceOngoing insufficient recovery can be prevented by the use of the presented recovery time courses as specific practical recovery guidelines.

Determining Psychoneuroimmunologic Markers of Yoga as an Intervention for Persons Diagnosed With PTSD: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Ann Kelly ◽  
Dian Dowling Evans ◽  
Helen Baker ◽  
Jessica Noggle Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Objective Outcomes

There is a growing body of research on yoga as a therapeutic intervention for psychological symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) accompanied by speculations on underlying physiologic mechanisms. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify, qualitatively evaluate, and synthesize studies of yoga as an intervention for PTSD that measured physiologic outcomes in order to gain insights into potential mechanisms. The focus is on studies evaluating yoga as a therapeutic intervention for PTSD rather than for trauma exposure, PTSD prevention, or subclinical PTSD. Multiple databases were searched for publications from the past two decades using terms derived from the question, “In people with PTSD, what is the effect of yoga on objective outcomes?” Eligibility criteria included yoga-only modalities tested as an intervention for formally diagnosed PTSD with at least one physiologic outcome. Results of this review confirmed that, though much of the published literature proposes physiological mechanisms underlying yoga’s effects on PTSD, very few studies ( n = 3) have actually evaluated physiological evidence. Additionally, several studies had methodological limitations. In light of the limited data supporting yoga’s beneficial effects on autonomic nervous system dysregulation, we present a theoretical model of the psychoneuroimmunologic processes associated with PTSD and the effects yoga may have on these processes to guide future research. Gaps in the literature remain for mechanisms related to activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and inflammation. Additional rigorous mechanistic studies are needed to guide development of effective yoga interventions for PTSD to augment existing evidence-based PTSD treatments.

scholarly journals Does Flavonoid Consumption Improve Exercise Performance? Is It Related to Changes in the Immune System and Inflammatory Biomarkers? A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies since 2005

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132
Author(s):  
Patricia Ruiz-Iglesias ◽  
Abril Gorgori-González ◽  
Malén Massot-Cladera ◽  
Margarida Castell ◽  
Francisco J. Pérez-Cano
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Improve Exercise Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Shed Light

Flavonoids are attracting increasing attention due to their antioxidant, cardioprotective, and immunomodulatory properties. Nevertheless, little is known about their role in exercise performance in association with immune function. This systematic review firstly aimed to shed light on the ergogenic potential of flavonoids. A search strategy was run using SCOPUS database. The returned studies were screened by prespecified eligibility criteria, including intervention lasting at least one week and performance objectively quantified, among others. Fifty-one studies (54 articles) met the inclusion criteria, involving 1288 human subjects, either physically untrained or trained. Secondly, we aimed to associate these studies with the immune system status. Seventeen of the selected studies (18 articles) assessed changes in the immune system. The overall percentage of studies reporting an improved exercise performance following flavonoid supplementation was 37%, the proportion being 25% when considering quercetin, 28% for flavanol-enriched extracts, and 54% for anthocyanins-enriched extracts. From the studies reporting an enhanced performance, only two, using anthocyanin supplements, focused on the immune system and found certain anti-inflammatory effects of these flavonoids. These results suggest that flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, may exert beneficial effects for athletes’ performances, although further studies are encouraged to establish the optimal dosage and to clarify their impact on immune status.

Chasing the Anchor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Perceptual Anchoring Deficits in Developmental Dyslexia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt D Shulver ◽  
Nicholas A Badcock
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
English Language ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

We report the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the relationship between perceptual anchoring and dyslexia. Our goal was to assess the direction and degree of effect between perceptual anchoring and reading ability in typical and atypical (dyslexic) readers. We performed a literature search of experiments explicitly assessing perceptual anchoring and reading ability using PsycInfo (Ovid, 1860 to 2020), MEDLINE (Ovid, 1860 to 2019), EMBASE (Ovid, 1883 to 2019), and PubMed for all available years up to June (2020). Our eligibility criteria consisted of English-language articles and, at minimum, one experimental group identified as dyslexic - either by reading assessment at the time, or by previous diagnosis. We assessed for risk of bias using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Six studies were included in this review, but only five (n = 280 participants) were included in the meta-analysis (we were unable to access the necessary data for one study).The overall effect was negative, large and statistically significant; g = -0.87, 95% CI [-1.47, 0.27]: a negative effect size indicating less perceptual anchoring in dyslexic versus non-dyslexic groups. Visual assessment of funnel plot and Egger’s test suggest minimal bias but with significant heterogeneity; Q (4) = 9.70, PI (prediction interval) [-2.32, -0.58]. The primary limitation of the current review is the small number of included studies. We discuss methodological limitations, such as limited power, and how future research may redress these concerns. The variability of effect sizes appears consistent with the inherent variability within subtypes of dyslexia. This level of dispersion seems indicative of the how we define cut-off thresholds between typical reading and dyslexia populations, but also the methodological tools we use to investigate individual performance.

Covid-19 and Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Ahmed Saad ◽  
Mostafa Alfishawy ◽  
Mahmoud Nassar ◽  
Mahmoud Mohamed ◽  
Ignatius N Esene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
English Language ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Viral Illness

Introduction: Over 4.9 million cases of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been confirmed since the worldwide pandemic began. Since the emergence of COVID-19, a number of confirmed cases reported autoimmune manifestations. Herein, we reviewed the reported COVID-19 cases with associated autoimmune manifestations. Methods: We searched PubMed database using all available keyword for COVID-19. All related studies between January 1st, 2020 to May 22nd, 2020 were reviewed. Only studies published in English language were considered. Articles were screened based on titles and abstract. All reports of confirmed COVID-19 patients who have associated clinical evidence of autoimmune disease were selected. Results: Among 10006 articles, searches yielded, Thirty-two relevant articles for full-text assessment. Twenty studies meet the eligibility criteria. The twenty eligible articles reported 33 cases of confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who developed an autoimmune disease after the onset of covid-19 symptoms. Ages of patients varied from a 6 months old infant to 89 years old female (Mean=53.9 years of 28 cases); five cases had no information regarding their age. The time between symptoms of viral illness and onset of autoimmune symptoms ranged from 2 days to 33 days (Mean of the 33 cases=9.8 days). Autoimmune diseases were one case of subacute thyroiditis (3%), two cases of Kawasaki Disease (6.1%), three cases of coagulopathy and antiphospholipid syndrome (9.1%), three cases of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (9.1%), eight cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (24.2%), and sixteen cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome (48.5%). Conclusions: COVID-19 has been implicated in the development in a range of autoimmune diseases which may shed a light on the association between autoimmune diseases and infections.

The Impact of Environmental Stress on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1205-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy Martin ◽  
Emily McLeod ◽  
Julien Périard ◽  
Ben Rattray ◽  
Richard Keegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
The Impact

Objective: In this review, we detail the impact of environmental stress on cognitive and military task performance and highlight any individual characteristics or interventions which may mitigate any negative effect. Background: Military personnel are often deployed in regions markedly different from their own, experiencing hot days, cold nights, and trips both above and below sea level. In spite of these stressors, high-level cognitive and operational performance must be maintained. Method: A systematic review of the electronic databases Medline (PubMed), EMBASE (Scopus), PsycINFO, and Web of Science was conducted from inception up to September 2018. Eligibility criteria included a healthy human cohort, an outcome of cognition or military task performance and assessment of an environmental condition. Results: The search returned 113,850 records, of which 124 were included in the systematic review. Thirty-one studies examined the impact of heat stress on cognition; 20 of cold stress; 59 of altitude exposure; and 18 of being below sea level. Conclusion: The severity and duration of exposure to the environmental stressor affects the degree to which cognitive performance can be impaired, as does the complexity of the cognitive task and the skill or familiarity of the individual performing the task. Application: Strategies to improve cognitive performance in extreme environmental conditions should focus on reducing the magnitude of the physiological and perceptual disturbance caused by the stressor. Strategies may include acclimatization and habituation, being well skilled on the task, and reducing sensations of thermal stress with approaches such as head and neck cooling.

scholarly journals Biomarkers predictive of treatment response in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1759720X2110140
Author(s):  
Conor Magee ◽  
Hannah Jethwa ◽  
Oliver M. FitzGerald ◽  
Deepak R. Jadon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Psoriatic Disease ◽  
Subsequent Response

Aims: The ability to predict response to treatment remains a key unmet need in psoriatic disease. We conducted a systematic review of studies relating to biomarkers associated with response to treatment in either psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library from their inception to 2 September 2020, and conference proceedings from four major rheumatology conferences. Original research articles studying pre-treatment biomarker levels associated with subsequent response to pharmacologic treatment in either PsV or PsA were included. Results: A total of 765 articles were retrieved and after review, 44 articles (22 relating to PsV and 22 to PsA) met the systematic review’s eligibility criteria. One study examined the response to methotrexate, one the response to tofacitinib and all the other studies to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Whilst several studies examined the HLA-C*06 allele in PsV, the results were conflicting. Interleukin (IL)-12 serum levels and polymorphisms in the IL-12B gene show promise as biomarkers of treatment response in PsV. Most, but not all, studies found that higher baseline levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were associated with a better clinical response to treatment in patients with PsA. Conclusion: Several studies have identified biomarkers associated with subsequent response to treatment in psoriatic disease. However, due to the different types of biomarkers, treatments and outcome measures used, firm conclusions cannot be drawn. Further validation is needed before any of these biomarkers translate to clinical practice.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the factors associated with the course of borderline personality disorder symptoms in adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Skabeikyte ◽  
Rasa Barkauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Research on personality pathology in adolescence has accelerated during the last decade. Among all of the personality disorders, there is strong support for the validity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis in adolescence with comparable stability as seen in adulthood. Researchers have put much effort in the analysis of the developmental pathways and etiology of the disorder and currently are relocating their attention to the identification of the possible risk factors associated with the course of BPD symptoms during adolescence. The risk profile provided in previous systematic reviews did not address the possible development and course of BPD features across time. Having this in mind, the purpose of this systematic review is to identify the factors that are associated with the course of BPD symptoms during adolescence. Methods Electronic databases were systematically searched for prospective longitudinal studies with at least two assessments of BPD as an outcome of the examined risk factors. A total number of 14 articles from the period of almost 40 years were identified as fitting the eligibility criteria. Conclusions Factors associated with the course of BPD symptoms include childhood temperament, comorbid psychopathology, and current interpersonal experiences. The current review adds up to the knowledge base about factors that are associated with the persistence or worsening of BPD symptoms in adolescence, describing the factors congruent to different developmental periods.

scholarly journals Injuries and frequent use of emergency department services: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e040272
Author(s):  
Catherine Laferté ◽  
Andréa Dépelteau ◽  
Catherine Hudon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Return Visits

ObjectiveTo review all studies having examined the association between patients with physical injuries and frequent emergency department (ED) attendance or return visits.DesignSystematic review.Data sourceMedline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and PsycINFO databases were searched up to and including July 2019.Eligibility criteriaEnglish and French language publications reporting on frequent use of ED services (frequent attendance and return visits), evaluating injured patients and using regression analysis.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers screened the search results, and assessed methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for prevalence studies. Results were collated and summarised using a narrative synthesis. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the repercussions of removing a study that did not meet the quality criteria.ResultsOf the 2184 studies yielded by this search, 1957 remained after the removal of duplicates. Seventy-eight studies underwent full-text screening leaving nine that met the eligibility criteria and were included in this study: five retrospective cohort studies; two prospective cohort studies; one cross-sectional study; and one case-control study. Different types of injuries were represented, including fractures, trauma and physical injuries related to falls, domestic violence or accidents. Sample sizes ranged from 200 to 1 259 809. Six studies included a geriatric population while three addressed a younger population. Of the four studies evaluating the relationship between injuries and frequent ED use, three reported an association. Additionally, of the five studies in which the dependent variable was return ED visits, three articles identified a positive association with injuries.ConclusionsPhysical injuries appear to be associated with frequent use of ED services (frequent ED attendance as well as return ED visits). Further research into factors including relevant youth-related covariates such as substance abuse and different types of traumas should be undertaken to bridge the gap in understanding this association.

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