scholarly journals Fungal and bacterial population from spent mushroom substrate used to cultivate tomato plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Silveira Junqueira de Moraes ◽  
Lívia Martinez Abreu Soares Costa ◽  
Thiago Pereira Souza ◽  
Carolina Figueiredo Collela ◽  
Eustáquio Souza Dias
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Spent Mushroom Substrate ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Vegetable Seedlings

ABSTRACT The production of tomato seedlings is conducted on commercial substrates with adequate properties for the good formation of the aerial part and root. The Spent Mushroom Substrate, or SMS, presents advantages over commercial substrates regarding the quality of the vegetable seedlings, which may be provided by the presence of a rich microbiota, bringing higher balance and competition with pathogenic microorganisms, in addition to the biological control of pathogens and nematodes. It is important to know the microbiota present in this material and its relation to the plant, in order for this association to occur in the best manner possible. This work had the objective of identifying the microbiota present in the rhizosphere of tomato seedlings produced in SMS of Agaricus subrufescens and Agaricus bisporus mushrooms, added or not with commercial substrate. The microbiota was analyzed by DGGE and the representative samples were sequenced in order to identify the species. Among the eukaryotes, the Chaetomium globosum, Arthrobotrys amerospora species were predominant in the A. subrufescens SMS, and Geastrum floriforme, Chrysosporium chiropterum, Pleurotus sp., and Trichosporon sp. in the A. bisporus SMS. Prokaryotes are the most diverse group, suggesting a large number of species not yet classified or which sequences are not yet available.

scholarly journals Trichoderma Activity in Seed Germination, Promoting Seedling Growth and Rhizocompetence in Tomato Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
S. C. L. Montalvão ◽  
E. Marques ◽  
J. B. T. Silva ◽  
J. P. Silva ◽  
S. C. M. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

Tomato is one of the most important plant species from an economic and social point of view. Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the use of beneficial microorganisms in agriculture, and some of them are being commercialized as biopesticidal and biofertilizer formulations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of twenty (20) Trichoderma isolates to stimulate seed germination, colonize the roots, and promoting growth on tomato seedlings. In laboratory tests, it was possible to observe germination induction and longer root length, in addition to greater length of hypocotyls. However, in some cases, the presence of cotyledon lesions in the seedlings was observed, but without interference in the number and vigor of seedlings from inoculated seeds. In the greenhouse, the action of isolates as growth promoters was verified, due to the increase in the weight and length of roots and the aerial part of tomato plants. Twelve isolates were selected for the rhizocompetence assay, in which the ability to colonize the rhizosphere and also the plant rhizoplane was observed. None of the tests showed negative results in the evaluated parameters.

scholarly journals A Review: Bacterial Diversity, Physicochemical Factors and Quality of Compost for White Button Mushroom Cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar SINHA ◽  
Tarun Kumar UPADHYAY ◽  
Sushil Kumar SHARMA ◽  
Manju SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Mushroom Cultivation ◽  
Button Mushroom ◽  
White Button Mushroom ◽  
Physicochemical Factors ◽  
Different Types

Composting is an aerobic biotic decomposition route that is governed by physicochemical and microbiological factors. The importance of bacterial flora throughout composting is well recognized. Though, diversity of the bacterial population during composting may differ with the composting material and nutrients content. Therefore, it is essential to study the different types of bacteria during the composting of various agricultural byproducts. The aim of this review is to evaluate the diversity of bacteria, physicochemical factors and quality of compost for cultivation of Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom) for enhancement of better productivity.

scholarly journals Carciniculture solid waste increases the morphophysiological characteristics of tomato seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenna Karelly Almeida Lopes ◽  
Gabrielen De Maria Gomes Dias ◽  
David Correia dos Anjos ◽  
Tamires Maciel Farias ◽  
Thamiris Ferreira Pinto Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Waste Handling ◽  
Further Development

Appropriate waste handling is a concern in the fishing industry, seeking to minimize harm to the environment. This study aimed to evaluate vegetative growth at different concentrations of solid residue from shrimp farming in tomato seedlings. Tomato seeds cv. Santa Clara were sown in trays with substrate, until uniform germination and further development for transplant. The concentrations of the shrimp residue were mixed with coconut powder for use in the following treatments: coconut powder (control), 5, 10, 15 and 20 g of shrimp residue, with 8 replicates per treatment. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplant, the number of leaves and the length of the aerial part were evaluated. At the 50th day, the remaining phytotechnical, physiological and X-ray microanalysis characteristics were evaluated. The three parts of the solid residues were rich in macro and micronutrientes (Fe > Zn > Ca > S > P > Mn > Na > Mg > K > N). The plants grown with different concentrations of shrimp residue had a significant difference for the photosynthetic rate and transpiratory rate, starting at 10 g kg-1. The use of the P3 shrimp residue (cephalothorax + abdomen) was promising and could replace the use of fertilizers in the development of plants, reducing the amount of material released to the environment and easing degradation. The concentration of 10 g kg-1 of shrimp residue was efficient for the morphophysiological development of the tomato plants cv. Santa Clara.

Water Quality of Swimming Pools in Jerusalem

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lerman ◽  
O. Lev ◽  
A. Adin ◽  
E. Katzenelson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Indirect Information

The Israel Ministry of Health is now revising its regulations for the assurance of safe water quality in public swimming pools. Since it is not possible to monitor each of the pathogenic microorganisms, it is often recommended to monitor indicator bacteria which provide indirect information on the water quality in the swimming pool. Three indicator microorganisms are often recommended: coliform counts (total coliforms, fecal coliforms or E. Coli), staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. A four year survey of the water quality of swimming pools in the Jerusalem District was conducted in order to determine whether the monitoring of all three indicators is necessary to assure safe water quality or is it sufficient to monitor only a single microorganism. A statistical analysis, conducted by using several different statistical techniques, reveals that the populations of the three indicator organisms are significantly interdependent but the correlations between each pair of these indicators are not sufficient to base a prediction of any of the organisms based on the measurements of the others. Therefore, it is concluded that monitoring of all three indicators should be recommended in order to provide an adequate picture of the water quality in swimming pools.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities, Oxidation Enzymes, and Quality of Nano-Coated Button Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) during Storage

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Abeer Elhakem ◽  
Mona Alharbi ◽  
Nada Benajiba ◽  
Manal Almatrafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
O2 Production

Agaricus Bisporus is an edible button mushroom that is highly perishable with an extremely short shelf-life at ambient temperature. This work aims to evaluate some antioxidant activities, oxidation enzymes, and determine postharvest qualities of nano-coated mushrooms with the combination of chitosan (CHN) component during storage at 4 °C for (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days). Silica/CHN Film strongly delayed the mushroom respiratory spike onset and blocked carbon dioxide passage from inside to the outside, while Titanium/CHN Film (0.035 mmol s−1 kg−1) established the lowest O2 production rate and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances production (6.21 nmol g−1). Silica/CHN Film was mainly effectual for the polyphenol contents (0.39 g kg−1) and antioxidant activities (78.14% and 71.09%) for DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activities, respectively. The results reported that Silica/CHN Film induced the highest (catalase and ascorbate peroxidase) activities, while Titanium/CHN Film recorded the highest (peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) activities of antioxidant enzymes. Besides, Titanium/CHN Film preserved relatively lower contents of hydrogen peroxide (22.40 µmol g−1) and hydroxyl radical (0.16 µmol g−1). In a word, nano-materials used in coating films such as titanium or even silica with the combination of CHN can directly reduce the cell degradation, oxidation processes and enhance the harvested horticultural crops.

scholarly journals The effect of using grafted seedlings on the yield and quality of tomatoes grown in greenhouses 

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica Soare ◽  
Maria Dinu ◽  
Cristina Babeanu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Production Characteristics

This study was aimed at observing the effect of the grafting of tomato plants on morphological (vegetative growth), production and nutritive characteristics (quantity and quality of production). For this purpose, the ‘Lorely F1’ cultivar was used as a scion grafted onto the ‘Beaufort’ rootstock. Plants were cultivated with a stem and two stems. The observations collected in this study were concerned with the characteristics of plant growth. The studied morphological characteristics were plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves, and the studied production characteristics were the characteristics of fructification and productivity (the average number of fruit per plant, the average weight of the fruit, production per plant). Particular attention was paid to the nutritional characteristics of the fruit, to the fruit quality (total soluble solids, total sugar, acidity, vitamin C, antioxidant activity (by the Trolox method) and the contents of lycopene and beta-carotene). The results showed that grafting positively influenced the growth and production characteristics. Grafting of tomato plants had an appreciable effect on the vegetative growth of the variant 2-grafted tomatoes with a stem. The best option in terms of productivity and production was the variant 3-grafted tomatoes with two stems, which yielded 9.2 kg per plant. Fruit quality was not improved in any of the grafted variants. 

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