scholarly journals EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TRAINING ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE SKELETAL MUSCLES OF OBESE RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-408
Author(s):  
Ariene Sampaio Souza Farias Ulbricht ◽  
Daniela Delwing-de Lima ◽  
Carla Werlang-Coelho ◽  
Débora Delwing-Dal Magro ◽  
Bruna Donat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Plantaris Muscle ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

ABSTRACT Introduction Obesity is a complex and multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by the accumulation of body fat; physical exercise increases energy expenditure and promotes a reparative effect through modulation of endogenous antioxidant defenses. Objective To evaluate the effects of the high-fat diet (HFD) on oxidative stress parameters in skeletal muscles of rats using aerobic exercise training protocols (AETP), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Methods The study was quantitative and experimental. Animals received 8 weeks of HFD or normal diet (ND), followed by 9 weeks of HFD or ND and the two AETPs. Results HFD did not alter the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA-RS), total sulfhydryl and protein carbonyl content in the soleus and plantaris muscles; in contrast, the protocols caused a decrease in TBA-RS levels in the plantaris muscle and increased the sulfhydryl content in the soleus muscle, while MICT increased the sulfhydryl content in the plantaris muscle and reduced protein carbonyl content in both muscles. HFD reduced SOD activity in the plantaris muscle while the MICT protocol enhanced SOD in the soleus muscle and both protocols reversed the decrease in SOD in the plantaris muscle. HFD increased CAT activity in the soleus muscle, the HIIT protocol prevented this alteration and both protocols increased CAT in the plantaris muscle. HFD reduced GSH-Px activity in both muscles, and the MICT protocol prevented this reduction in the soleus muscle, while the HIIT protocol partially prevented this decrease. The MICT protocol did not prevent the reduction of GSH-Px and the HIIT protocol partially prevented this decrease in the plantaris muscle. Conclusions HFD elicited oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of rats, and both protocols were able to prevent most of the alterations in oxidative stress parameters caused by the HFD. Level of evidence IV; Investigation of treatment outcomes.

Alteration in the oxidative status of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fed with a diet containing Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Eda Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dried Extract

Abstract The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh, dried and freeze-dried Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae) on the oxidant and antioxidant status of the model organism D. melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) experimentally. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019, and plant leaf extracts (0-50 mg/l) were added to insect standard artificial diets. The total protein, protein carbonyl content and glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were quantified at the insect’s third larval stage. Our data showed that protein carbonyl content varied from 2.70 nmol/mg protein in the control group to 59.11 nmol/mg protein in the group fed with fresh leaf extract signifying induction of oxidative stress. All extracts increased the levels of all antioxidant enzymes and decreased the amounts of total protein. Meanwhile, the group fed with the freeze-dried extract showed no significant difference in the levels of total protein and protein carbonyl content except at the 50 mg/l concentration of the extract. Moreover, this group had superoxide dismutase and catalase activities 4 to 5 times higher than in the control group. In conclusion, induction of oxidative stress indicates that the fresh form of C. depressa leaves may have potential as a natural pesticide, whereas induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by the freeze-dried extract suggest its potential as an antioxidant.

scholarly journals Protein carbonyls and protein thiols in rheumatoid arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pullaiah P. ◽  
Suchitra M. M. ◽  
Siddhartha Kumar B.
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Thiol ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Thiols

Background: Oxidative stress (OS) has an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OS causes protein modification, thereby impairing the biological functions of the protein. This study was conducted to assess the oxidatively modified protein as protein carbonyl content and the antioxidant status as protein thiols, and to study the association between protein carbonyls and protein thiols in RA.Methods: Newly diagnosed RA patients who were not taking any disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were included into the study group (n=45) along with age and sex matched healthy controls (n=45). Serum protein carbonyl content and protein thiols were estimated.Results: Elevated protein carbonyl content and decreased protein thiol levels (p<0.001) were observed in RA. A significant negative correlation was observed between protein carbonyl content and protein thiol levels (p<0.001).Conclusions: Oxidative stress in RA is evidenced by enhanced protein oxidation and decreased antioxidant protein thiol levels. Decreased protein thiols may also reflect protein modifications leading to compromise in the antioxidant properties. This oxidant and antioxidant imbalance needs to be addressed by therapeutic interventions to prevent disease progression.

The Role of Oxidative Stress in Pediatric Immune Thrombocytopenia

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3319-3319
Author(s):  
Clara Lo ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Kristina Cusmano-Ozog ◽  
Wendy Wong ◽  
Michael Jeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Chronic Itp ◽  
Redox Capacity ◽  
Acute Itp

Abstract Abstract 3319 Background: An unpredictable subset of patients (∼20–30%) with pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) progress to chronic ITP; this increases the risk of morbidity and mortality from bleeding, long-term immunomodulation, and/or splenectomy. Furthermore, treatments such as chronic steroid therapy often result in intolerable side effects, raising the need for targeted therapies. We previously tested a novel list of genes that might predict progression to chronic ITP (Zhang et al Blood 2011). Oxidative stress (OS)-related pathways were among those most significantly perturbed in chronic ITP. For further evaluation of the role of OS in ITP, we measured glutathione as a marker of redox capacity and protein carbonyl content as a marker of oxidative cell damage. Methods: Pediatric patients with primary ITP were included, with exclusion of subjects with secondary thrombocytopenia, other autoimmune disorders (ie, lupus), or other chronic illnesses. Healthy pediatric volunteers were recruited as controls. Patients had blood draws within 1 month from ITP diagnosis. Reduced (GSH) to oxidized (GSSG) glutathione ratios were measured from whole blood by tandem mass-spectrometry. Protein carbonyl content (PCC) levels were measured from platelet-rich plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Subjects were followed up to 15 months from diagnosis and monitored for disease resolution or progression. Chronic ITP was defined as thrombocytopenia (platelets <100,000/μL) lasting at least 12 months from diagnosis (Rodegheiro et al Blood 2009). Acute ITP was defined as thrombocytopenia resolving within 12 months from diagnosis. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Results: Between July 2009 and December 2011, 67 pediatric patients with ITP were recruited. Thirty-four patients had acute ITP, and 33 patients progressed to chronic ITP. The median age of patients was 7 years (range 18 months – 17 years). Sixty-three percent were female, 37% were male. Twenty-four pediatric controls were also recruited (46% female, 54% male). The median age of controls was 8 years (range 5 years – 17 years). Patients with ITP had significantly lower GSH:GSSG ratios compared to controls, and patients with chronic ITP had lower GSH:GSSG ratios compared to those with acute ITP (Figure 1). Furthermore, patients with ITP had significantly higher PCC levels compared to controls (Figure 2). Conclusions: This data provides further evidence for a role of oxidative stress (OS) in the pathophysiology of ITP. Furthermore, decreased redox capacity, as evidenced by the decreased glutathione ratios, may be associated with progression to chronic ITP. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) may be important in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity in ITP; oxidatively altered cellular by-products induce pathogenic antibodies and become immunogenic. This also raises a potential anti-oxidant mechanism of therapy, which may play a greater role in chronic ITP treatment. Increased understanding of OS in pediatric ITP may reveal markers of disease progression, highlighting those at greatest risk for chronic ITP and creating a role for targeted therapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Influence of smoking and amount of cigarette consumption on oxidative stress, protein carbonyl content and biochemical parameters

2006 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. S136
Author(s):  
Vügar Aliyev ◽  
Banuçiçek Yücesan ◽  
Şebnem Ş. Çeçen ◽  
Ayşe Karakuş ◽  
Serap Yalçın ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content

scholarly journals Effects of Transport and Altitude on Hormones and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Sheep

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilal Tozlu Çelık ◽  
Fatih Ahmet Aslan ◽  
Diler Us Altay ◽  
Metehan Eser Kahvecı ◽  
Kalbiye Konanç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Transport Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters ◽  
Made In

AbstractWith this study, it was aimed to determine the stress effects that can be caused by transporting and altitude in sheep. Karayaka sheep were used in the study. The live weight of the sheep (n=30) while hungry was determined before transport and sea level. Average live weight was determined as 55.64 ± 4.66 kg. Blood samples were collected just before (sea level) and just after transport (1500 meters above sea level). Transportation distance was approximately 182 km and duration was 5 hours. According to the findings, cortisol was not affected by transport stress and altitude (p>0.05) and Triiyodotironin (T3) (p<0.039) and Tyrosine (T4) (p<0.000) were affected significantly. Malondialchehyche (MDA), which is one of the oxidative stress parameters, was significantly affected (p<0.039) and Protein Carbonyl (PC) values were not affected by transport and altitude (p>0.184). As a result of this study, it was determined that transportation and altitude in sheep causes stress. Stress-reducing measures should be taken in the exposure of sheep to altitude differences and in transportation. Antioxidant nutritional supplements should be made in order not to negatively affect the meat quality in sheep.

Potential sources of oxidative stress that induce postexercise proteinuria in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günnur Koçer ◽  
Ümit Kemal Şentürk ◽  
Oktay Kuru ◽  
Filiz Gündüz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Nadph Oxidase Activity ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise-induced proteinuria is a common consequence of physical activity and is caused predominantly by alterations in renal hemodynamics. Although it has been shown that exercise-induced oxidative stress can also contribute to the occurrence of postexercise proteinuria, the sources of reactive oxygen species that promote it are unknown. We investigated the enzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and xanthine oxidase (XO) as possible sources of oxidative stress in postexercise proteinuria. First, we evaluated the effect of blocking the NADPH oxidase enzyme on postexercise proteinuria. We found a significant increase in urinary protein level, kidney thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and protein carbonyl content after exhaustive exercise, and NADPH oxidase activity was induced by exercise. Rats that were treated with an NADPH oxidase inhibitor for 4 days before exhaustive exercise showed no increase in kidney TBARS or protein carbonyl derivative level and no proteinuria or NADPH oxidase activation. In the next set of experiments, we investigated the effect of XO blockage on postexercise proteinuria. Oxypurinol, an XO inhibitor was administered to rats for 3 days before exercise. Although XO inhibition significantly decreased kidney TBARS levels and protein carbonyl content in exercised rats, the inhibition did not prevent exercise-induced proteinuria. However, plasma and kidney XO activity was not induced by exercise, but rather it was suppressed under oxypurinol treatment. These results suggest that increased NADPH oxidase activity induced by exhaustive exercise is an important source of elevated oxidative, stress during exercise, which contributes to the occurrence of postexercise proteinuria.

Antioxidants and oxidative stress in patients with Li-Fraumeni-like syndrome and TP53 p.R337H mutation carriers.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21042-e21042
Author(s):  
Gabriel de Souza Macedo ◽  
Juliana Giacomazzi ◽  
Cristina Netto ◽  
Leonardo Motta ◽  
Fábio Klamt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
Li Fraumeni ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters

e21042 Background: Germline mutations in the TP53 gene are the underlying genetic defect of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) and its variant, Li-Fraumeni-like (LFL) Syndrome, autosomal dominant disorders characterized by predisposition to multiple early-onset cancers. More recently, p53 is emerging as an important player in redox metabolism and important enzymes involved in defenses against oxidative stress have shown to be regulated by p53, including glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). The aim of the present study was to investigate the redox profile parameters in blood of p.R337H mutation carriers and non-carriers individuals. Methods: A total of 34 individuals were included in the study and they were divided in two groups: mutation carriers (n=17) and non-carriers (n=17). Antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPx) and oxidative stress parameters (Protein carbonyl content, Sulfhydryl content and TBARS) were measured in plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes and serum. Results: Erythrocyte SOD and GPx activities, two first-line players in enzimatic antioxidant defense, differed significantly between mutation carriers and non-carriers, with an increased activity in the latter (p>0,05). Plasma Carbonyl content, an indicative of protein damage related to ROS overgeneration, was also increased in carriers (p=0,015). There was no significant difference between groups in all other parameters evaluated. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that TP53 p.R337H mutation carriers present different antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress parameters when compared to non-carriers.

Oxidative stress-related parameters in the liver of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. VIDELA ◽  
Ramón RODRIGO ◽  
Myriam ORELLANA ◽  
Virginia FERNANDEZ ◽  
Gladys TAPIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In the present study, hepatic and plasma oxidative stress-related parameters were measured and correlated with clinical and histological findings in 31 NAFLD patients showing increased body mass index. Liver protein carbonyl content was enhanced by 403% in patients with steatosis (n=15) compared with control values (n=12), whereas glutathione content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were decreased by 57%, 48% and 21% (P<0.05) respectively. No changes in microsomal p-nitrophenol hydroxylation and the total content of cytochrome P450 (CYP) or CYP2E1 were observed. Patients with steatohepatitis (n=16) exhibited protein carbonyl content comparable with that of controls, whereas glutathione content, SOD and catalase activities were decreased by 27%, 64% and 48% (P<0.05). In addition, FRAP values in patients with steatohepatitis were reduced by 33% and 15% (P<0.05) when compared with controls and patients with steatosis respectively, whereas p-nitrophenol hydroxylation (52%) and CYP2E1 content (142%) were significantly increased (P<0.05) compared with controls. It is concluded that oxidative stress is developed in the liver of NAFLD patients with steatosis and is exacerbated further in patients with steatohepatitis, which is associated with CYP2E1 induction. Substantial protein oxidation is followed by proteolysis of the modified proteins, which may explain the co-existence of a diminished antioxidant capacity and protein oxidation in the liver of patients with steatohepatitis.

scholarly journals Effects of transport and altitude on hormones and oxidative stress parameters in sheep

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0244911
Author(s):  
Hilal Tozlu Çelik ◽  
Fatih Ahmet Aslan ◽  
Diler Us Altay ◽  
Metehan Eser Kahveci ◽  
Kalbiye Konanç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

In study, it was aimed to determine the stress effects that can be caused by transporting and altitude in sheep. Karayaka sheeps were used in the study. Karayaka sheeps are a valuable breed of meat quality and fleece, which is raised in the Black Sea region. The live weight of the sheep (n = 30) while hungry was determined before transport and sea level. Average live weight was determined as 55.64 ± 4.66 kg. Blood samples were collected just before (sea level) and just after transport (1500 meters above sea level). Transportation distance was approximately 182 km and duration was 5 hours. According to the findings, cortisol was not affected by transport stress and altitude (P>0.05) and Triiyodotironin (T3) (P<0.039) and Tyrosine (T4) (P<0.000) were affected significantly. Malondialchehyche (MDA), which is one of the oxidative stress parameters, was significantly affected (P<0.039) and Protein Carbonyl (PC) values were not affected by transport and altitude (P>0.184). As a result of this study, it was determined that transportation and altitude in sheep causes stress. Stress-reducing measures should be taken in the exposure of sheep to altitude differences and in transportation. Antioxidant nutritional supplements should be made in order not to negatively affect the meat quality in sheep.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document