Chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of sugar cane oxide treated with calcium

The aim of this study was to identify the most adequate level of calcium oxide (CaO) in the treatment of sugar cane by evaluating the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of dry matter. The sugar cane was homogenized with CaO levels 0, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, 3.0, 3.75 and 4.5%, in natura matter, for 24 hours. The dry matter and mineral matter increased, while the organic matter of the sugar cane decreased (P <0.05) linearly as a result of the CaO levels. The CaO had no effect on the levels of crude protein and ether extract. The phosphorus concentration remained unchanged, but there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the calcium content. The contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and cellulose decreased linearly with the levels of CaO. The average levels of indigestible dry matter and indigestible neutral detergent fiber significantly decreased with increasing levels of CaO. The results showed that the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was different between fresh sugar cane and sugar cane with added levels of CaO from 1.5%. The IVDMD and nutritional value of the sugar cane was improved by adding 1.5% CaO based on fresh content.

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Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal ◽

10.1590/s1519-99402017000300001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 402-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Messias José dos Santos SILVA ◽

Dulciene Karla de Andrade SILVA ◽

André Luiz Rodrigues MAGALHÃES ◽

Kedes Paulo PEREIRA ◽

Érica Carla Lopes da SILVA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Total Carbohydrates ◽

Completely Randomized Design

SUMMARY This study aimed to verify the influence of months on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of pasture and forage selected by goats in the semiarid region of Brazil’s Pernambuco state. Six male goats fistulated in the rumen were used in a completely randomized design. Forage collection was conducted in herbaceous and shrub/tree layers, in order to simulate goat grazing, and materials were separated into leaves and branches. Extrusa and pasture collections were held in November, January and February/March. There was collection month (P <0.05) effect for pasture on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), with average values of 458.27g/kg NM and 155.46, 521.30 and 390.13g/kg DM, respectively. For the stem (P <0.05) for DM, Organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), ethereal stratum (EE), ADF, acid detergent unavailable protein (AIP), total carbohydrates (TCHO) and dry matter in vitro digestibility (DMIVD), with average values of 487.47g/kg NM and 930.80, 69.07, 20.67, 440.30 and 63.78g/kg DM, respectively. About the extrusa, there was collection time effect (P <0.05) on the DM, OM, MM, CP, EE, AIP, TCHO, Non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and DMIVD, with average values of 84.53g/kg DM, 863.03, 136.97, 152.90, 33.60, 14.07, 676.37 and 55.35g/kg DM, respectively. Rainfall changes in the rainy season in the caatinga altered pasture quality, causing changes in the diet selected by goats, mainly in DM, CP, CNF and DMIVD.

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Nutritional evaluation of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu cultivated in soils developed from basalt and sandstone in the state of Paraná

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n1p469 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 469

Author(s):

Geisi Loures Guerra ◽

Thierry Becquer ◽

Pedro Rodolfo Siqueira Vendrame ◽

Sandra Galbeiro ◽

Osmar Rodrigues Brito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Soil Samples ◽

The State ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha

Determining the nutritional composition of a pasture is necessary to evaluate its quality, aiming to meet the requirements of feeding animals and guarantee good performance. The quality of the forage biomass produced depends directly on the fertility and type of soil, environmental conditions, and management. In this scenario, the aim was to evaluate the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter, and macro- and micronutrient contents of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu cultivated in soils developed from basalt and sandstone in the state of Paraná. A total of 120 forage samples were collected in a soil developed from basalt and 116 in soil developed from sandstone. Forage harvesting occurred in autumn and spring for basalt soil (season effect), and in spring (soil effect) for sandstone soil. Soil samples (0–20 cm) were collected in the spring season, at the same forage collection sites, to obtain a greater sample representativity regarding climate–soil–plant relationships. Forage samples were separated in leaf blade and stem + sheath, and analyses of dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), total digestible nutrients (TDN), nitrogen, and macro- and micronutrient contents were performed. In soil samples, the contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn were analyzed. There were season and soil-type effects on the chemical composition of the cultivar studied. The highest levels of protein, NDF, ADF, lignin, and cellulose were obtained in autumn. In samples from soil developed from basalt, higher levels of hemicellulose, IVDMD, and TDN were obtained in the spring. K, P, Mn, and Zn presented levels within the range recommended for the studied forage, but the values of Ca and Mg in autumn and N in the three studied periods remained below the level considered adequate. Soil nutrient contents were influenced (P < 0.05) by the soil source material, and the highest levels of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn were observed in soil developed from basalt. Forage cultivated in spring in the soil area developed from basalt, was nutritionally superior in relation to forage cultivated in the soil developed from sandstone.

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Fermentative profile and nutritional value of olive bagasse silage with feed additives

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n1a2020-41792 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Neliton Flores Kasper ◽

Gabriela Ceratti Hoch ◽

Othon Dalla Colletta Altermann ◽

Fabiane Quevedo Da Rosa ◽

Leonardo Ereno Tadielo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility

The aim of this study was to measure the chemical composition, microbiological profile, fermentative characteristics and the aerobic stability of the olive bagasse silages in natura and added with corn bran, soybean and rice bran in different times of sampling. The was completely randomized design in arrangement of plots subdivided in 4x3 time, with five replications. In the plots were allocated the main treatments, and in the subplots the sampling times were allocated. The fermentative characteristics was studied by determination of the dry matter (DM) content, pH and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), the microbiological by determining the populations of filamentous fungi, Clostridia, lactic acid bacteria and enterobacteria. In the nutrient profile study, the contents of mineral matter (MM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, nitrogen bound to acid detergent fiber (NIDA), nitrogen bound to neutral detergent fiber (NIDN), carbohydrate and total digestible nutrient (TDN). At the ensilage moment, it also has been determined in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM). The use of corn and rice bran provided a better fermentative profile in the studied ensilage. The pH of the silages added corn and rice bran has presented in 4.00 and 4.06 after 112 storage days, consequently. The adding of soybean bran provided the greatest CP values and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) after the fermentative period, been it 131.55 g kg-1 of DM for CP and 176.28 g kg-1 of DM for NFC. The treatments without bran adding and rice bran added have demonstrated IVDOM levels of 581.12 g ka-1 od DM and 604.51 g kg-1 of DM, consequently. The studied meals improve the nutritional profile of the studied silages and are potentially usable as additives in olive bagasse silages.

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Yield and nutritional value of BRS Capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5p2045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 2045 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Flávio Pinto Monção ◽

Marco Aurélio Moraes Soares Costa ◽

João Paulo Sampaio Rigueria ◽

Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽

Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Northern Region ◽

Matter Content ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility

The objective was to evaluate the productivity, chemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter and digestibility of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) managed at five regrowth ages. A completely randomized design with ten replications was used in the BRS capiaçu elephant grass subjected to five cutting intervals (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days) in the summer, making a total of 50 plots with a useful area of 4 x 2 m. There were daily increases in the dry matter production in the order of 382 kg ha-1, with 49,859 kg ha-1 being produced at 150 regrowth days. The dry matter content and organic matter linearly increased (P < 0.01) at different regrowth ages. The crude protein content, in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber linearly reduced (P < 0.01) 0.037%, 0.196% and 0.256% per day, respectively. Potential degradability of dry matter decreased from 68.9% at 30 days to 44.7% at 150 regrowth days (0.194 percentage units per day). The rate of degradation of fraction B 'c' was not modified (P = 0.94), averaging 1.46% hour-1. In the cultivation of BRS capiaçu elephant grass in the summer season, in the northern region of Minas Gerais, the age for harvesting between 90 and 120 days of regrowth is recommended.

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Utilization of a novel feedstuff: effects of additives on the fermentation characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) silage

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180427 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Zhihao Dong ◽

Junfeng Li ◽

Lei Chen ◽

Siran Wang ◽

Tao Shao

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Fermentation Products ◽

Fermentation Quality ◽

Tetraploid Black Locust

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of additives on the fermentation characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of tetraploid black locust (TBL). The TBL leaves silage was either untreated (control) or treated with 1 × 106 cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum (L), 1% glucose (G), 3% molasses (M), a combination of 1% glucose and Lactobacillus plantarum (L+G), or a combination of 3% molasses and Lactobacillus plantarum (L+M). Fermentation quality, chemical composition and nutrient digestibility were then analyzed. Ethanol and acetic acid concentrations were the dominant fermentation products in all silages except L+M silage. The L, G and L+G treatments failed to influence the fermentation. The M treatment increased (P<0.05) the lactic acid concentration and lowered (P<0.05) the pH when compared with control silage. The best fermentation properties were observed in L+M silage, as indicated by the dominance of lactic acid over ethanol in fermentation products. The M and L+M silages exhibited higher (P<0.05) dry matter, and M silage showed higher residual water-soluble carbohydrates than the control. Ensiling increased (P<0.05) the in vitro dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber degradability of TBL. Among the silages, M silage had the highest levels of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber degradability. The obtained results suggested that application of lactic acid bacteria together with 3% molasses could be an effective strategy to prevent the occurrence of ethanol fermentation and improve fermentation quality of TBL silage; addition of fermentable sugars to TBL improves nutrient availability to ruminants.

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Chemical composition and fermentative characteristics of old man saltbush silage supplemented with energy concentrates

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n3p1155 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 1155

Author(s):

Gherman Garcia Leal de Araújo ◽

Genilson Amaral Santos ◽

Tadeu Vinhas Voltolini ◽

Salete Alves de Moraes ◽

Luiz Gustavo Ribeiro Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Storage Period ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz

The objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentation profile and chemical composition of old man saltbush (Atriplex nummularia Lindl.) silage supplemented with cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) scraps or grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in the proportion of 10% based on natural matter. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 7 factorial arrangement (3 treatments and 7 opening days), with three replications. The treatments consisted of three silages: old man saltbush silage, old man saltbush silage + cassava scrap, and old man saltbush silage + grain sorghum. The experiment was conducted at the EMBRAPA Semiarid Animal Nutrition Laboratory, located in the city of Petrolina-PE. Twenty-one experimental silos were used for each treatment; these silos were opened after 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days in ensiling. The pH, ammoniacal nitrogen and total nitrogen ratio, dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, mineral matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrate, and dry matter in vitro digestibility. The additives grain sorghum and cassava scrap increased the dry matter content and reduced pH values. N-NH3 NT-1 values increased as the fermentation processes progressed, and after 56 fermentation days were close to 11%. Silages were classified as excellent in the fermentation process. The addition of cassava scrap and grain sorghum favors the ensiling process of the old man saltbush, providing improvements in the silage nutritive value. During the storage period, the use of these additives promoted a reduction of total losses, inhibition of alcoholic fermentation, and greater carbohydrates recovery, resulting in silage with a nutritive value similar to that of fresh forage, representing an alternative source of additives.

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Assessing the nutritional value of agroindustrial co-products and feed through chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and gas production technique

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i3.34024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 289 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paula Martins Olivo ◽

Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos ◽

Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ◽

Ranulfo Combuca da Silva Junior ◽

Eduardo Souza Leal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Gas Production ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Soybean Hulls ◽

Citrus Pulp

Agroindustrial co-products are a viable alternative for use in animal nutrition. Tests were conducted using eight different types of co-products and feed to evaluate the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, and gas production by them. The co-products tested were: coffee hulls; pelleted citrus pulp; grape residue; soybean hulls; cottonseed; cassava foliage; and foods usually supplied to ruminants: corn silage and ground corn concentrate. Data of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber were tested by analysis of variance using the least square method; the results of gas production were interpreted by a non-linear regression by the Gauss-Newton method; and the effects of treatments were evaluated by the Tukey’s test. The coefficients of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of co-products were different. Gas production was also different between co-products and feeds evaluated for the volume of gas produced from the fast and slow degradation fractions, degradation rate, bacterial colonization time, and the total volume of gas produced. The evaluated co-products exhibited greater in vitro dry matter digestibility compared to corn silage, except for cottonseed, grape residue, and cassava foliage. Co-products showed higher values of in vitro crude protein digestibility compared to corn silage, and a reduced in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, except for pelleted citrus pulp and soybean hulls. Corn silage produced larger volume of gas from the fast degradation fraction compared to the co-products and corn concentrate. Co-products analyzed had appropriate nutritional characteristics according to the techniques applied and can be included in ruminant diets.

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Chemical composition, in vitro and in situ dry matter digestibility and preference of Quercus resinosa foliage

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-785 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

O. Carrillo- Muro ◽

R.G. Ramírez- Lozano ◽

P. Hernández- Briano ◽

M.A. López- Carlos ◽

M. Guerrero- Cervantes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

The State ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Young Leaves

The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of Quercus resinosa leaves harvested at different seasons of the year and to assess the intake and palatability of lamb diets containing foliage of Q. resinosa. There were three sites of collection, two located in the state of Jalisco and one in the state of Zacatecas, México. The young leaves harvested in spring, had greatest (P >0.05) nutritional value than leaves harvested in other seasons. The in vitro digestibility of organic matter (IVOMD), rapidly degradable fraction (a) and the degradation rate (c) were greater (P >0.05) in leaves harvested in spring and winter. The slowly degradable fraction (b) was greater (P >0.05) in spring, summer and autumn, and lesser in winter. The potential degradation fraction (a + b) and the effective degradability of dry matter were maximized (P >0.05) in spring than in the other seasons. The consumption was similar (P >0.05) among diets with different inclusion levels of leaves, but sheep consumed greater (P >0.05) amounts of diet containing leaves collected in spring. In conclusion, the Q. resinosa foliage contains the nutritional value and the digestibility and palatability that makes it suitable to replace completely the forage in the fattening diets of sheep, being preferable to use leaves harvested in spring and winter.

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Bromatological and microbiological characteristics of sugarcane silages treated with calcium oxide

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982010000700002 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 1398-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jucilene Cavali ◽

Odilon Gomes Pereira ◽

Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho ◽

Edson Mauro Santos ◽

Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Calcium Oxide ◽

Sugar Cane ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Quadratic Models

It was evaluated the addition of calcium oxide (0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; and 2.0% of dry matter) effect on the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of the dry matter and neutral detergent fiber, on the losses of dry matter, and on the microbial population in sugar cane silages. A design with five levels of calcium oxide and three replications was used. All the variables were influenced by the addition of calcium oxide in the silages, except the composition in acid detergent insoluble protein, water soluble carbohydrates and lignin. The dry matter content and pH linearly increased while the contents of organic matter, hemicellulose and crude protein linearly decreased with the levels of calcium oxide. Neutral detergent fiber corrected for ashes and protein and acid detergent fiber were adjusted for the quadratic models with calculated minimal values of 33.3 and 22.5% for the levels 1.73 and 1.49% of calcium oxide, respectively. The in vitro digestibility of the dry matter and the content of amoniacal nitrogen adjusted to quadratic models with maximal levels of 80.1% and 9.1% for the levels of 1.8 and 0.7% of calcium oxide, respectively. The minimal production of gas (3.18%) was observed at the level of 1.39% of calcium oxide. Production of effluent and recovery of dry matter of the ensiled mass showed a reduction and a linear increase, respectively, with addition of calcium oxide. The highest lactic acid bacterial population was observed in the silage treated with 1.5% of calcium oxide. The addition of calcium oxide increased degradability of the soluble fraction of the dry matter, which was higher than 50% and reduced the non- degradable fraction of the neutral detergent fiber. Addition of calcium oxide level higher than 1.0% in the sugar cane during ensilage improves in vitro dry matter digestibility and the recovery of dry matter, increases populations of lactic acid bacteria and reduces production of yeasts.

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PRODUKSI, KUALITAS, DAN KECERNAAN IN VITRO TANAMAN RUMPUT BENGGALA (Panicum maximum) PADA LAHAN SALIN

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v35i1.588 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Endang Dwi Purbajanti ◽

R. Djoko Sutrisno ◽

Eko Hanudin ◽

Subur Priyono Sasmito Budhi

Keyword(s):

Coastal Area ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Block Design ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Guinea Grass

The aim of this study was to evaluate performance and in vitro digestibility of Guinea grass grown on saline soil. Yield, quality, and in vitro digestibility of Guinea grass cultivated on coastal area with crop populations of 10,000, 20,000, and 30,000 plants per hectare. Experiment was conducted following randomized complete block design (RCBD). Higher crop population increased fresh and DM biomass production, crude protein (CP) yield, dry matter (DM) content, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin, and hemicellulose content, but decreased CP content, and in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD). The increased population had no effect on acid detergent fiber (ADF) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (DMD). It could be concluded that guinea grass was recommended to be planted in saline coastal area by addition of fertilizer 20 tons/ha manure, 3 tons/ha gypsum, and 50 kg N (239 kg ZA/ha) as source of nitrogen. (Keywords: Forage, Salinity, Saline soil, Manure, Gypsum, Nitrogen source)

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