scholarly journals Dry matter and macronutrient extraction curves of potato varieties in the Alto Paranaíba region, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-186
Author(s):  
Carlos D. da Silva ◽  
Maria E. P. Soares ◽  
Miller H. Ferreira ◽  
Alian C. P. Cavalcante ◽  
Guilherme A. V. de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Filling Phase ◽  
Nutrient Extraction

ABSTRACT Information on plant nutrient extraction is of utmost importance for the management of fertilization in crops. The objective of the study was to determine the accumulation of dry matter mass in the tubers and aerial parts of the plants and to generate absorption curves of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca and Mg for the potato varieties Ágata, Asterix, Atlantic and Taurus. The shoot and tuber samples were collected at 6, 13, 54, 66, 70, 82 and 97 days after planting. The highest accumulation of dry matter was observed in the Asterix and Atlantic varieties. The varieties Asterix and Atlantic showed higher N and K extraction and, consequently, higher productivity, while Taurus and Ágata presented lower yields and nutrient extraction. The period of greatest demand for macronutrients for the varieties studied is during the tuber filling phase (40 days after plantation). The variation between potato varieties in macronutrient extraction indicates a need for differential management fertilization of the plants.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties for Yield and Some Agronomic Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Lemma Tessema ◽  
Wassu Mohammed ◽  
Tesfaye Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Central Highlands

AbstractA field experiment was conducted in the central highlands of Ethiopia to evaluate the performance of potato varieties for tuber yield and to identify a superior variety in tuber yield and yield components. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at two locations in the central highlands of Ethiopia during the 2017 main cropping season. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the presence of highly significant (P<0.01) differences among varieties over all traits studied. The mean squares for location were also significant in indicating the influence of environments on the traits of the studied varieties. However, the interaction between variety and environment had no significant effect on the performances of the potato varieties to attain 50% flowering, specific gravity and dry matter content indicating a similar performance of these traits across all locations. The variety Belete produced the maximum total tuber yield of 32.8 t ha -1 and marketable tuber yield of 29.1 t ha-1. Conversely, farmers` variety Nech Abeba produced the minimum total tuber yield of 13.8 t ha-1 and marketable tuber yield of 8.4 t ha-1. For most tuber quality traits, viz., tuber specific gravity, dry matter content, starch percentage and total starch yield, varieties Belete and Menagesha were the maximum and minimum producers, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that varietal and environmental variations as well as their interaction had considerable influence on tuber yield and the potato’s attributes.

scholarly journals Estimation of plant productivity and nutrient extraction capacity along the length of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland treating swine wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Gaudereto Andries ◽  
Antonio Teixeira de Matos ◽  
Wallisson Da Silva Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Nutrient Extraction

The plant productivity and extraction capacity of nutrients present in swine wastewater (SWW) were quantified over 60 days in three horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF-CW) grown with three different plant species (Typha latifolia, Alternanthera philoxeroides and Cynodon dactylon). The results show the decay of the dry matter yield (DMY) and the nutrient extraction capacity (NEC) by the plants throughout the system, which gave rise to the equations that relate these parameters to the hydraulic retention time (HRT) for each species. When possible, general equations that are independent of the plant species were also evaluated. The best model fit for the dry matter yield and N-total, N-ammoniacal, N-nitrate and P extraction by plants as a function of HRT was the decreasing potential and for K extraction was the linear regression. The coefficients of determination of equations for the species Alternanthera philoxeroides and Cynodon dactylon were, for the most part, higher than 0.8. On the other hand, the general equations presented coefficient of determination greater than 90% in all cases.

Propagules of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) in Soil

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamini Siriwardana ◽  
Roy K. Nishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Parent Population ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Aerial Parts

The upper 30 cm of soil in a field infested with purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL. #3CYPRO) contained 4900 to 5100 corms and tubers/m26 weeks after soil rotovation and irrigation. The upper 4, 8, 12 and 16 cm of soil had 45, 79, 95 and 99%, respectively, of the corms and tubers. Lower depths of soil contained larger tubers with higher percent dry matter than the shallow depths. Of the total number of corms and tubers, 51% were from the parent population. At 6 weeks, only 15% of the total tuber and corm population were not connected to aerial parts. Tubers from the parent population had a higher fresh weight than those from the new population. Parent tubers occurred singly or in chains of up to eight tubers.

scholarly journals Increase of nutrients export and production of pitaya whit potassium fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3276
Author(s):  
Josimara Mendes Rabelo ◽  
Maria do Céu Monteiro Cruz ◽  
Nubia Cassiana Santos ◽  
Deilson de Almeida Alves ◽  
João Esdras Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Nutrient Export ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus

Characterization works of pitayas show that the potassium (K) is the nutrient most exported, thus, influences in the productivity and quality of this fruit. However, these researches do not report the nutrients export by pitaya's associating the fertilization carried out in the orchard, information that is relevant to make the nutrients reposition adequate at the time of fertilization. The research was carried out to evaluate the supply of K2O in the export of nutrients and productivity of the Hylocereus undatus and Hylocereus polyrhizus pitaya species. The analysis was carried out in the mature fruits harvested in two harvests. Potassium fertilization was performed at doses of 0; 50; 100 and 200 g of K2O per plant. Nutrient export per ton of fruit was calculated from the determination of the nutrient levels and the dry matter of the pitaya pulp. The export of nutrients by the pitaya of the species H. undatus and H. polyrhizus occurs in the following order: K>N>P>Ca>Mg> and Mn>Fe>Cu>Zn>B. These species of pitaya have similar nutritional requirements, enabling them to be receive same fertilization management. The amount of nutrients exported was higher in plants fertilized with potassium due to the higher productivity achieved. Orchards of pitaya that reach high productivity require a greater quantity of nutrients, due to the increase export by the fruits.

scholarly journals Phenolics in Aerial Parts of Persian Clover: Trifolium resupinatum

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Janda ◽  
Anna Stochmal ◽  
Paula Montoro ◽  
Sonia Piacente ◽  
Wieslaw Oleszek
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides ◽  
Persian Clover ◽  
Trifolium Resupinatum

The nutritional quality of Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum), an important pasture crop, depends not only on a high protein content but also on the occurrence of animal health and welfare promoting phytochemicals. Nine phenolic constituents present in the aerial parts of this species were isolated and their structures confirmed by NMR and ESI-MS analyses. The compounds included two chlorogenic acids, four quercetin and two kaempferol glycosides, as well as the isoflavone formononetin-7-glucoside. The concentration of isoflavone was low, not exceeding 1.2 mg/g of dry matter. The concentration of flavonols ranged between 5.9 and 11.8 mg/g, depending on the sampling dates, with the highest concentration occurring in the first cut. A similar trend in the concentration was found for chlorogenic acids, which ranged from 2 mg/g in summer to 7.3 mg/g in spring.

Effects of soil properties on variation in growth, grain yield and nutrient concentration of wheat and barley

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Matter Production

High spatial and temporal variability is an inherent feature of dryland cereal crops over much of the southern cereal zone. The potential limitations to crop growth and yield of the chemical properties of the subsoils in the region have been long recognised, but there is still an incomplete understanding of the relative importance of different traits and how they interact to affect grain yield. Measurements were taken in a paddock at the Minnipa Agriculture Centre, Upper Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, to describe the effects of properties in the topsoil and subsoil on plant dry matter production, grain yield and plant nutrient concentrations in two consecutive years. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Worrakatta) was grown in the first year and barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Barque) in the second. All soil properties except pH showed a high degree of spatial variability. Variability in plant nutrient concentration, plant growth and grain yield was also high, but less than that of most of the soil properties. Variation in grain yield was more closely related to variation in dry matter at maturity and in harvest index than to dry matter production at tillering and anthesis. Soil properties had a stronger relationship with dry matter production and grain yield in 1999, the drier of the two years. Colwell phosphorus concentration in the topsoil (0–0.15 m) was positively correlated with dry matter production at tillering but was not related to dry matter production at anthesis or with grain yield. Subsoil pH, extractable boron concentration and electrical conductivity (EC) were closely related. The importance of EC and soil extractable boron to grain yield variation increased with depth, but EC had a greater influence than the other soil properties. In a year with above-average rainfall, very little of the variation in yield could be described by any of the measured soil variables. The results suggest that variation in EC was more important to describing variation in yield than variation in pH, extractable boron or other chemical properties.

scholarly journals Nutrition and growth of potted gerbera according to mineral and organic fertilizer

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francielly Torres Santos ◽  
Fernanda Ludwig ◽  
Luiz Antonio de Mendonça Costa ◽  
Mônica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça Costa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
State University ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Culture Growth

In order to meet the growing market of gerbera, it is necessary to develop studies that maximize its production, especially using organic fertilizer. In order to assess the nutrition and growth of potted gerbera conducted with mineral and organic fertilization, an experiment in a greenhouse was done, located at Western Paraná State University, Brazil. The experimental design was made in randomized blocks, with four replications and five treatments. The treatments were defined according to the source of fertilization, mineral (NPK) or organic. The organic fertilization were obtained by diluting in water four organic compost of poultry slaughter waste, obtained from in the composting process, in order to adjust electrical conductivity. The solution of the compost was used as organic fertigation, making the organic treatments. The liquid organic fertilizer, as well as irrigation of mineral treatment, was performed manually once a day. At the end of vegetative and reproductive periods, the levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Fe were quantified in the plant tissue. At the same time, biometric parameters were assessed (number of leaves, plant diameter, leaf area, dry matter of aerial parts, number of heads, inflorescence dry matter, stem height, head diameter and diameter stem). The liquid organic fertilizers, obtained by composting procession of poultry slaughter waste, can be used as alternative source for potted gerbera nutrition, since they provide better or higher culture growth than the mineral fertilizer.

scholarly journals Influence of irrigation and placement of nitrogen fertilizers on the uptake of nitrogen by spring wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Armi Kaila ◽  
Paavo Elonen
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Fertilizer Placement ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

The effect of irrigation and fertilizer placement on the accumulation of nitrogen in the aerial parts of spring wheat was studied in the relatively dry summer 1969, on the basis of plant samples collected at various stages of development from a field trial on silty clay soil. In addition to 16 kg/ha of nitrogen in the basal dressing, 120 kg/ha of nitrogen was applied as ammonium nitrate limestone, as urea, or as Ureaform, either on the surface, or in rows at the depth of 8 cm. 60 mm of water was applied by sprinkler irrigation, one half about three, and the other half about four weeks after sprouting. Under the conditions of this trial, spring wheat only slightly responded to Ureaform. No significant difference in the effect of urea and ammonium nitrate limestone could be detected. Placement of these two fertilizers tended to increase both the amount of dry matter and its content of nitrogen; these effects were more significant without irrigation. Though irrigation, usually, markedly increased the total amount of nitrogen in the aerial parts of the plants, this was in the later stages of development due only to higher yields of dry matter, since in July the positive effect of irrigation on the percentage of nitrogen in plant dry matter changed to a negative effect. In the grain yields the apparent recovery of nitrogen in urea or ammonium nitrate limestone was estimated to be only about 30 per cent of the 120 kg N/ha applied as surface dressing. Irrigation increased this recovery to 54 per cent, placement of the fertilizer to 42 per cent, and both placement and irrigation resulted in an apparent recovery of 61 per cent. On the basis of plant samples collected two days before harvest, the apparent recovery of nitrogen in urea or ammonium nitrate limestone by the aerial parts of wheat was estimated to be, on the average, 36 per cent from the surface-dressing, and 60 per cent when the fertilizers were placed. Irrigation increased the apparent recovery in the first case to 76 per cent and in the latter case to 96 per cent. Thus, in the field experiment the uptake of fertilizer nitrogen by spring wheat was markedly increased by irrigation and to a lesser extent by fertilizer placement. Both treatments together are recommended.

scholarly journals Tifton grass yield on constructed wetland used for swine wastewater treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio T. Matos ◽  
Wallisson S. Freitas ◽  
Mauro A. Martinez ◽  
Marcos R. Tótola ◽  
Aristéa A. Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Extraction Capacity ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Nutrient Extraction

It is the purpose of this study to evaluate the agronomic behavior and yield of the Tifton 85 grass (Cynodon dactylon Pers), when used in the treatment of swine wastewater (SW) with constructed wetland systems (CWs). For this purpose, five tanks were built measuring 24 x 1.1 x 0.7 m, damp-sealed with PVC canvas and filled with 0.4 m crushed stone. In two of these tanks, Tifton grass was cultivated: one of the tanks (CW 3) contained the grass, and in the other (CW4) the grass was only cultivated in the final third part of the tanks, being preceded by Alternanthera (Althernanthera philoxeroides) and cattail (Thypha latifolia L.). The SW was previously treated by means of a filtration process that consists of 0.7 m - high organic filters; the filtering beds were made of chopped sugarcane bagasse. The filter effluents were applied to CWs at a 0.8 m³ d-1 flow rate, corresponding to a hydraulic detention time of about 4.8 days. During the experimental period, three cuttings were done in CWs plants in order to evaluate the dry matter yield and the nutrient extraction capacity. All plants showed satisfactory performance in dry mass yield (86.3 and 65.3 t ha-1, in CW3 and CW4 respectively) and nutrient extraction, as well as in dry matter yield. Except for the case of Zn, the cultivation of other vegetable species in the same tank did not alter the capacity of the Tifton 85 grass extraction of the SW macro and micronutrients removal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document