scholarly journals Accuracy of waist circumference for predicting other components of metabolic syndrome: evidence from the Bambuí cohort study of the elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-371
Author(s):  
Keila Bacelar Duarte de Morais ◽  
Cibele Comini César ◽  
Sérgio Viana Peixoto ◽  
Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Objectives: To examine the accuracy of waist circumference to predict two or more metabolic syndrome (MS) components among the elderly and to compare it with the recommendations of the Joint Interim Statement (JIS) for adults. Method: The study was conducted among participants of the baseline of the Bambuí (Minas Gerais) Cohort Study. The best waist circumference cut-off point for the outcome was determined by the Younden Index. The accuracy of such cut-off points was assessed by the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) and the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values. Results: The prevalence of MS was 63.8% among women and 43.4% among men. Of these, the waist circumference cut-off that best predicted two or more components of MS (≥88 cm) was similar to that recommended by JIS (≥90 cm) (AUROC=0.673 and 0.672, respectively). Among women, the corresponding value was higher (≥92 cm) than recommended by the JIS (≥80 cm) (AUROC=0.605 and 0.560, respectively). Conclusion: The overall accuracy of waist circumference (AUROC) for the outcome was low for both genders, indicating that this measure is not an effective predictor of other components of MS in the study population.

scholarly journals METABOLIC SYNDROME PREVALENCE IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH DIET QUALITY IN THE CHILEAN ELDERLY POPULATION: A CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
C. Dussaillant ◽  
G. Echeverría ◽  
L. Villarroel ◽  
C.B. Yu ◽  
A. Rigotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, food intake, and diet quality in elderly (≥65 years old) Chilean population. Design: Cross sectional analysis based on the last national health survey performed in the years 2009 and 2010 (ChNHS 2009-2010). Setting: Non-institutionalized individuals of 65 years or older were selected and visited at home. Participants: A subsample of 505 elderly adults from the ChNHS 2009-2010 who answered a food questionnaire and had appropriate information to diagnose metabolic syndrome following the ATPIII-NCEP guidelines. Measurements: Fasting blood samples were obtained in order to measure blood lipids and fasting blood glucose. Blood pressure, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) were also measured. A 5-item food frequency questionnaire was applied to all the participants of NHS 2009-2010. Results: The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Chilean adult population was 37.7%, increasing in frequency with advancing age. Among the elderly (≥65 years old), metabolic syndrome was found in 57.2% of the sample. Elevated blood pressure and increased waist circumference were the most prevalent metabolic syndrome components among this group (88% and 80%, respectively). Low intake of fruits, vegetables, whole cereals, fish, and dairy was seen among the elderly, and no association was found between food intake nor diet quality and metabolic syndrome prevalence. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among the Chilean elderly population and its prevalence is not associated with food intake or diet quality in this age group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Agyemang-Yeboah ◽  
Benjamin Ackon Jnr. Eghan ◽  
Max Efui Annani-Akollor ◽  
Eliezer Togbe ◽  
Sampson Donkor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a collection of cardiovascular risk factors comprising insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension, which may cause further complications in diabetes. Although metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing in incidence in diabetics and leading to significant cardiovascular diseases and mortality, there is dearth of data in Ghana. This study investigated metabolic syndrome, its prevalence, and its associated risk factors in type 2 diabetes at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana. Methods. The study involved 405 diabetic patients attending the Diabetic Clinic of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) Kumasi, in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain demographic background such as their age and gender. Anthropometric measurements were obtained using the Body Composition Monitor (Omron ® 500, Germany) which generated digital results on a screen and also by manual methods. Fasting venous blood was collected for the measurement of biochemical parameters comprising fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglyceride (TG). Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). Results. Out of the total of 405 participants, 81 were males and 324 were females, and the estimated mean age was 58.5 ± 9.9 years. The female patients exhibited higher mean waist circumference (WC) and mean hip circumference (HC) as well as an approximately higher body mass index than males (28.3 ± 5.1, 26.5 ± 4.2 for the female and male respectively). Overall, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed among the study population was 90.6%. Conclusions. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed among the study population was 90.6%, with a higher percentage in females than males. High triglyceride levels and high waist circumference were the main risk factors for MS in the diabetic population.

scholarly journals Accuracy of MRCP compared to ERCP in the diagnosis of bile duct disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delmé Hurter ◽  
Coert De Vries ◽  
Pierre Potgieter ◽  
Renald Barry ◽  
Frikkie Botha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Biliary Pathology ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Small Study Population ◽  
Bile Duct Calculi ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AIM: To determine the accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography compared to the gold standard Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in the diagnosis of bile duct disorders at our institution. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 52 patients with suspected pancreatobiliary pathology were included in this prospective observational study. MRCP was performed in the 24-hour period prior to the ERCP. RESULTS: MRCP had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 87%, 80%, 83.3% and 84.2% respectively for choledocholitiasis which correlates well with results obtained in other parts of the world. CONCLUSION: At our institution, MRCP has high diagnostic accuracy for bile duct calculi. Due to a small study population, results for other biliary pathology were inconclusive

scholarly journals Diagnostic Performance of Galactomannan Antigen Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Chong ◽  
J. A. Maertens ◽  
K. Lagrou ◽  
G. J. Driessen ◽  
J. J. Cornelissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
European Organization ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Cerebral Biopsy ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Antigen Testing

Testing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the presence of galactomannan (GM) antigen may help in diagnosing cerebral aspergillosis (CA). However, the use of the CSF GM test as a diagnostic test has been little studied. We evaluated its diagnostic performance by comparing the CSF GM optical density indexes (ODI) at different cutoffs in patients with probable and proven CA to those in patients without CA. Patients from 2 tertiary referral hospitals with suspected CA between 2004 and 2014 and in whom CSF GM ODI had been determined were selected. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Infectious Diseases Study Mycoses Group (EORTC/MSG) definitions of invasive aspergillosis and CA were used, but with the exclusion of the test to be validated (i.e., the CSF GM test) as a microbiological EORTC/MSG criterion. The study population consisted of 44 patients (4 with proven CA, 13 with probable CA, and 27 with no CA). Of the 17 patients with CA, 15 had a CSF GM ODI of ≥2.0. Of 27 patients without CA, 26 had a CSF GM ODI of <0.5 and 1 had a CSF GM ODI of 8.2. When a GM CSF ODI cutoff of 1.0 was used, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 88.2%, 96.3%, 93.8%, and 92.9%, respectively. The same results were found when a CSF GM ODI cutoff of 0.5 or 2.0 was used. Testing GM in CSF has a high diagnostic performance for diagnosing CA and may be useful to diagnose or virtually rule out the infection without the need for a cerebral biopsy.

scholarly journals Accuracy of a new hysteroscopic method in the assessment of tubal patency: Hysteroscopic Chromotubation

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Burak Yucel ◽  
Emine Demirel ◽  
Sefa Kelekci ◽  
Kerem Doga Seckin ◽  
Osama Shawki
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Office Hysteroscopy ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

<p><strong>Objective</strong></p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of hysteroscopic chromopertubation (HCT) in the assessment of tubal patency by comparing its results with laparoscopic chromopertubation (LCT).</p><p><strong>Study Design</strong></p><p>The population of this prospective cohort study consisted of both fertile and infertile women. Sixty-four women were included to the study. HCT was assessed by the observation of the transport of highly concentrated methylene blue from uterine cavity to tubal ostia. The results of HCT were compared with the results of LCT as a gold standard. The accuracy of HCT, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values in diagnosing tubal patency were calculated.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>The results of HCT and LCT were evaluated for right and left tubes, separately. One hundred and twenty-eight tubes were determined. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for HCT were; 85.85%, 59.09%, 91% and 46.43%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion </strong></p><p>This study’s result showed that HCT had high sensitivity and moderate specificity values in the assessment of tubal patency. HCT during office hysteroscopy could give the chance to practitioners to assess tubal patency without subjecting the patient to multiple procedures.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals A comparative study of RIPASA score and ALVARADO score in diagnosis of acute appendicitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Vamsavardhan Pasumarthi ◽  
C. P. Madhu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Alvarado Score ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Ripasa Score

Background: The RIPASA Score is a new diagnostic scoring system developed for the diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis which showed higher sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy compared to ALVARADO Score, particularly when applied to Asian population. Not many studies have been conducted to compare RIPASA and ALVARADO scoring systems. Hence, author want to compare prospectively Alvarado and RIPASA score by applying them to the patients attending the hospital with right iliac fossa pain that could probably be acute appendicitis.Methods: A prospective analysis of 116 cases admitted with RIF pain during a 2 years period was performed. Patients between 15-60 years were scored as per Alvarado and RIPASA scoring system. Histopathological reports of the cases were collected and compared with the scores. ROC curve area analysis was performed to examine diagnostic accuracy of RIPASA and ALVARADO scores.Results: The sensitivity of ALVARADO score is estimated to be 52.08 for a cut off of 6. The specificity is 80%, positive predictive value is 92.59, negative predictive value is 25.81. The Diagnostic accuracy of ALVARADO scoring is found to be 56.9. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values of RIPASA scoring system are 75%, 65%, 91.14%, 35.14%. The diagnostic accuracy of RIPASA score is 73.28.Conclusions: The difference in the diagnostic accuracy between ALVARADO and RIPASA scoring system is significant indicating that the RIPASA score is a much better diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. When the ROC curve was observed the area under the curve is high for RIPASA scoring system.

scholarly journals Reliability of Geneological Cemetery Records in Ascertaining Vital Status in an Historical Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Gwini ◽  
Ewan MacFarlane ◽  
Geza Benke ◽  
Malcolm Sim
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Death Registry ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACTBackground Ascertainment of vital status is a particular challenge in studies of historical cohorts, particularly when the time last known to be alive precedes available and linkable death databases. In Australia, vital status is typically ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index (NDI) which contains detailed information on all deaths occurring after 1 January 1980. While the Australian National Death registry has electronic records dating back to the 18th century searching for deaths prior to this date can only be undertaken on an individual basis by requesting specific death certificates from state/territory registrars of births, deaths and marriages, which is unfeasible for a whole cohort. In the past decade, a number of publically accessible online genealogical databases containing either details of burials/cremations or tombstone inscriptions have become available. While genealogical cemetery records are a potential source of mortality ascertainment, their reliability for this purpose is unknown. We used the Australian NDI, as a gold standard, to assess the reliability of electronic cemetery records in ascertaining vital status in a cohort study. MethodsIn a historical cohort of former workers employed at a Tasmanian cement factory from 1936, Tasmanian electronic cemetery and tombstone inscription databases were checked for ‘fact of death’ for workers last known to be alive after 01 January 1980 (N=867, 31% of the cohort). The same cohort was also linked to the NDI. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of cemetery records were calculated. ResultsThe NDI identified 78 deaths (9%) while we identified 50 deaths (6%) through cemetery record checks. The sensitivity of cemetery matching was low (53.8%; 95% CI 42.2-65.2) while specificity was 99.0% (95% CI 98.0-99.6). Positive and negative predictive values were also good, 84.0% (95% CI 70.9-92.8) and 95.6% (95% CI 94.0-96.9), respectively. ConclusionsThe results show that deaths identified from electronic cemetery records can be reliable (i.e. high PPV), even though this method correctly identified about half of deaths (i.e. low sensitivity). This methodology can be useful when sources of vital status ascertainment are limited.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Rapid Biophysical Profile in Comparison to Biophysical Profile in Pregnant Women with Insulin-dependent Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Soufizadeh ◽  
Fariba Farhadifar ◽  
Saghar Tamri ◽  
Sara Behafarid ◽  
Karim Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Biophysical Profile ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: Having a rapid and low cost diagnostic approach in assessment of fetal wellbeing is an important goal for prenatal care process. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of rapid biophysical profile (rBPP) in comparison to biophysical profile (BPP). Materials and methods: In this study 142 pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes referred to Besat Hospital (Sanandaj, Iran) were evaluated in terms of fetal health. Age, gestational age and non-stress test (NST) data of patients were collected. The fetuses were evaluated using the standard BPP and selected rBPP methods. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted. The data were analyzed in Stata 14 software, using appropriate statistical analyses. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of maternal age and gestational age of the studied subjects were 30.6 ± 6.3 and 35.6 ± 1.5 weeks, respectively. The frequency of normal cases were 126 (88.7%) in the BPP method and 121 (85.2%) in the rBPP method. The results showed that sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of rBPP in this study were 56.2%, 90.5%, 42.8% and 94.2%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 73.3%. Pearson Test showed a significant correlation between scores obtained through BPP and rBPP methods (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Considering the high profile of the sensitivity and PPV of the RBPP method compared to BPP, rBPP method has a better capacity to discriminate non-distressed fetuses from distress-exposed fetuses. It can also be used as a quick and easy method in crowded centers with limited evaluation tests, where not much skill is needed.

scholarly journals Criterion validity of a Wechsler-III scale short form in a sample of Brazilian Elderly

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Eliane Ferreira Carvalho Banhato ◽  
Isabel Cristina Gonçalves Leite ◽  
Danielle Viveiros Guedes ◽  
Alfredo Chaoubah
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
And Control

Abstract Although a normative process, changes in cognitive functioning vary among older adults. The differential diagnosis between normal and pathological aging must be made early using psychometrically adequate measures. Objectives: To assess the evidence of criterion validity of a Short Form (SF) of the Wechsler-III Scale containing eight subtests (SF8) by determining its sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and cut-off points for Brazilian elderly from different age groups. Methods: 168 individuals, aged 60 years or above, living in the community or in an institution, were assigned to case and control groups, and investigated according to age range. Measures included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Verbal Fluency Test, Clock-Drawing Test and the SF8. Results: More than two thirds of the sample was women (73.8%), mean age was 74.5 years (SD=8.9), mean education was 6.2 years (SD=4.8) and 40.5% were widows/widowers. In the total sample, the best cut-off point for the SF8 was 142 while cut offs among individuals aged 60 to 69 years, 70 to 79 years, and more than 80 years were 160, 129 and 129, respectively. Conclusions: The results demonstrated the importance of different cut-off points for different age ranges. Sensitivity and specificity values of the SF8 were sufficiently high to warrant the use of the SF8 as an instrument to identify cognitive impairment in the elderly.

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