scholarly journals Mineral and bromatological assessment and determination of the antioxidant capacity and bioactive compounds in native Amazon fruits

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Márcia Becker ◽  
Carolina Marques Mandaji ◽  
Gaëlle Catanante ◽  
Jean-Louis Marty ◽  
Gilvanda Silva Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Crude Protein ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents

Abstract The proximate compositions, mineral contents, antioxidant capacity and bioactive compounds of 7 native Amazon fruits were chemically evaluated. The majority of the fruits showed high moisture contents (> 63.02%), and ash, total crude protein and total carbohydrate contents in the ranges of 0.22–2.07%, 0.17–2.44% and 7.17–41.71%, respectively. High levels of total lipids were found in uxi (23.25%) and monguba (18.67%). A wide range of mineral contents was detected and the highest levels were found in the samples of monguba seeds (Ca, Cu, Mg, and Zn), uxi pulp (Fe, and Mn) and pajurá pulp (Na). All the fruits showed antioxidant capacity, but the pajurá revealed the highest potential, statistically similar to that of acerola (p < 0.05). The highest vitamin C contents were found in bacuri and cupuaçu and the highest phenolic compound contents in monguba and pajurá fruits, but flavonoids were only detected in pajurá. A statistical correlation between the Na content and antioxidant capacity was also observed. Based on the results obtained, the fruits analyzed are suitable for use in the human diet, in the food and cosmetics industries as well as in pharmaceutical compositions.

Determination of the Nutrients, Anti-Nutrients and Functional Properties of Processed Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) Cultivars Grown in Southeast, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Anthony N. Ukom ◽  
C.F.L. Okerue
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Commercial Agriculture ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽  
Food Thickener ◽  
Physicochemical And Functional Properties

This project determined the nutrients, anti-nutrients and functional properties of two cultivars of processed (boiled and fermented)Xanthosoma sagittifolium(edeochaandede uhie) flours grown in Southern, Nigeria. The proximate, minerals, chemical, anti-nutrients and functional properties of the cocoyam flours varied significantly (P<0.05). The results showed that the moisture content varied from 6.17% to 7.88%, withede uhieexhibiting higher values. The same trend was observed in crude protein (4.33- 5.92%), crude fiber (1.04-1.94%), crude fat (1.16-3.22%), ash (2.17-2.93%), withede uhieexhibiting higher values thanede ocha.However, the carbohydrate and energy values were higher inede ocha. For the mineral contents, the range values were: Ca (10.23-41.17mg/100g), Na (15.22-17.66mg/100g), Mg (5.82-8.38mg/100g), P (12.31-16.19mg/100g), K (2.78-3.62mg/100g), withede uhieshowing higher values. On pH, TTA, starch and total sugar, it was observed that fermentedede ochahad higher pH value (6.82), TTA was higher in fermentedede ocha(0.92%), starch (24.66) and total sugar (3.29) values were higher in rawede ochathan others. Anti-nutrient factors were generously reduced by processing methods especially boiling by between 50-100%, and fermentation by between 5-77% in most of the parameters analyzed. Functional properties ranged from BD (0.60-0.81g/mL), WAC (2.19-2.71g/mL), OAC (1.45-2.92g/mL), FC (16.38-19.52g/mL), FS (1.96-2.48 min/sec) and GT (60.85-81.05 °C). While BD, WAC, OAC, FC were higher in theede ochaflour, FS and GT were higher inede uhieflour. Relating the physicochemical and functional properties,ede ochahas a potential for a quality food thickener. Overall, the results obtained in this study can be used to develop cocoyam food based products for enhanced nutrition with a potential to promote cocoyam commercial agriculture and composite utilization for confectionary industries in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Characterization of Andean Blueberry in Bioactive Compounds, Evaluation of Biological Properties and in vitro Bioaccessibility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nieves Baenas ◽  
Jenny Ruales ◽  
Diego A. Moreno ◽  
Daniel Alejandro Barrio ◽  
Carla M. Stinco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Zebrafish Embryogenesis

Andean blueberries are wild berries grown and consumed in Ecuador which contain high values of bioactive compounds, mainly anthocyanins, with powerful antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile and contents of (poly)phenols and carotenoids in Andean blueberry by HPLC-DAD-MSn and determine a wide range of its biological activities. The antioxidant capacity of this fruit was evaluated in vitro by three different methods and in vivo using the zebrafish animal model, also the toxicity effect was determined by the zebrafish embryogenesis test. Besides, the antimicrobial activity and the capacity of Andean blueberry to produce hemagglutination in blood cells were evaluated. Finally, the bioaccessibility of (poly)phenols and related antioxidant capacity were determined in the different phases of an in vitro digestion. The global results indicated no toxicity of Andean blueberry, weakly bacteriostatic activity, and high contents of anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity, which were partially bioaccesible in vitro (~ 50 % at the final intestinal step), contributing to the knowledge of its health benefits for consumers and its potential use in the food and pharmaceutical industry as functional ingredient.

scholarly journals Determination of Bioactive Compounds and Mineral Contents of Seedless Parts and Seeds of Grapes

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Özcan ◽  
F. Al Juhaimi ◽  
M. Gülcü ◽  
N. Uslu ◽  
Ü. Geçgel
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mineral Contents

scholarly journals Extraction Techniques for Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity Determination of Chilean Papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens) Fruit

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Uribe ◽  
Alvaro Delgadillo ◽  
Claudia Giovagnoli-Vicuña ◽  
Issis Quispe-Fuentes ◽  
Liliana Zura-Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Sample Extraction

The aim of this work was to assess and compare different extraction methods by using high hydrostatic pressure (HHPE), ultrasound (UE), agitation (AE), and their combinations for the extraction of bioactive compounds of Chilean papaya. Extract antioxidant capacity was evaluated by three methods (i.e., DPPH, FRAP, and Voltammetry) and phenolic compounds and vitamin C were determined by HPLC. Papaya sample extraction was performed by HHPE at 500 MPa for 10 min and UE and AE for 30 min, respectively. The combined-extractions: HHPE-UE and HHPE-AE, were carried out for 5 min and 15 min, respectively. The highest values found were total phenolic 129.1 mg GAE/100 g FW, antioxidant capacity by DPPH 20.6 mM TE/100 g FW, and voltammetry 141.0 mM TE/100 g FW for HHPE-UE method in free compound extraction. Regarding vitamin C content, its highest value was found by HHPE-UE (74 mg/100 g FW) a combined extraction method. The phenolic compounds rutin andp-coumaric acid were found in all the extracts, both in free and bound forms, respectively. Besides, the combined techniques improved the extraction of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Quality, Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity, and Enzymes of Raspberries at Different Maturity Stages, Effects of Organic vs. Conventional Fertilization

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
María Noemí Frías-Moreno ◽  
Rafael A. Parra-Quezada ◽  
Gustavo González-Aguilar ◽  
Jacqueline Ruíz-Canizales ◽  
Francisco Javier Molina-Corral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Maturity Stages

Raspberries are important sources of bioactive compounds, whose synthesis is influenced by the fertilization system and the maturity stage. This study evaluated the effect of organic and conventional fertilization systems on raspberries at three maturity stages, pink, ripe, and overripe. Physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds (phenolic profile, vitamin C), antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, TEAC, and ORAC), phenolic-associated enzyme, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, and APX) were evaluated. The physicochemical determination of the fruit did not reveal differences between fertilization systems. Regarding bioactive compounds, higher content of anthocyanins was found in organic raspberries at all maturity stages. Organic fertilization increased the content of ellagic acid and gallic acid at all stages of maturity. Higher content of caffeic, hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic acid, and vitamin C was observed in organic raspberry at the overripe stage. Raspberries grown with organic fertilization exhibited higher values of antioxidant capacity by the DPPH, FRAP, and TEAC methods at all maturity stages. Raspberries under organic fertilization showed significantly greater activity of CAT, SOD, APX, GPX, and PAL. The present study suggests that organic fertilization induces oxidative stress causing an increase in antioxidant defense mechanisms, enhancing bioactive compound production, and improving antioxidant capacity in raspberries.

scholarly journals DETERMINACIÓN DE COMPUESTOS BIOACTIVOS DEL AGUAYMANTO (Physalis peruviana, Linnaeus, 1753) Y DE SU CONSERVA EN ALMÍBAR MAXIMIZANDO LA RETENCIÓN DE ÁCIDO ASCÓRBICO

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Off Time

DETERMINACIÓN DE COMPUESTOS BIOACTIVOS DEL AGUAYMANTO (Physalis peruviana, Linnaeus, 1753) Y DE SU CONSERVA EN ALMÍBAR MAXIMIZANDO LA RETENCIÓN DE ÁCIDO ASCÓRBICO DETERMINATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF AGUAYMANTO (Physalis Peruviana, Linnaeus, 1753) AND ITS CANNED WITH SYRUP MAXIMIZING THE RETENTION OF ASCORBIC ACID Christian Rene Encina Zelada, Milber O. Ureña, Peralta Ritva Repo Carrasco DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2007.0002/ RESUMEN El presente trabajo de investigación es el resultado del estudio de los compuestos bioactivos presentes en el aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana) proveniente del valle del Mantaro-Perú y en su conserva en almíbar. En la Etapa I se determinó los compuestos bioactivos en la materia prima, correspondientes a un estado de madurez 2 y 3 según [1] el fue de 28,55 mg de ácido ascórbico/100 g; 1,77 mg de β-caroteno/100g; 79,23 mg ácido clorogénico/100 g y capacidad antioxidante de 288,95 µg eq trolox/g (parte hidrofílica) y 297,51µg eq trolox/g (parte lipofílica) medido por el método ABTS y de 249,23 µg eq trolox/g medido por el método del DPPH. En la Etapa II se determinaron los factores y sus niveles que influyeron significativamente (p<0,05) en la retención del ácido ascórbico en el proceso de elaboración de la conserva de aguaymanto en almíbar. Mediante el Método Taguchi. El pH del almíbar y la temperatura del tratamiento térmico resultaron ser los factores de mayor influencia en la retención del ácido ascórbico. Los niveles con los que se retuvo mayor cantidad de ácido ascórbico fueron: tiempo de descerado (90 s), temperatura del descerado (80°C), pH del Almíbar (2,5), grados Brix del Almíbar (30), concentración del NaOH en el descerado (0,05%), temperatura (95°C) y tiempo (11,52 min) del tratamiento térmico. En la Etapa III se caracterizó físico-químicamente y microbiológicamente correspondiente al proceso de elaboración de la conserva de aguaymanto en almíbar realizado con los parámetros que maximizaron la retención del ácido ascórbico (50,54 %), determinando además el efecto del tratamiento tecnológico sobre el contenido de carotenos totales (1,59 mg de β-caroteno/100g), Compuestos Fenólicos (39,23 mg ác. clorogénico/100 g) y Capacidad Antioxidante (383,73 µg eq trolox/g y 132,12 µg eq trolox/g medidos por los métodos del ABTS y DPPH respectivamente). Palabras clave: Aguaymanto, Physalis peruviana, capacidad antioxidante, compuestos fenólicos, carotenos totales. ABSTRACT The present investigation is the result of the study of the bioactive compounds present in the aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana) from the valley of Mantaro-Peru and its canned in syrup. In Stage I were determined the bioactive compounds in the raw material, correspondents to maturity‟s condition 2 and 3 as [1] was of 28,55 mg of ascorbic acid /100 g; 1,77 mg of β-caroten/100g; 79,23 mg clorogenic acid /100 g and antioxidant capacity its divides in hidrofílic (288,95 µg eq trolox/g) and lipofílic (297,51µg eq trolox/g), measured by the ABTS method and of 249,23 µg eq trolox/g measured by the method of the DPPH. In Stage II were decided the factors and its levels that influenced significantly (p<0,05) in the retention of the ascorbic acid in the process of production of aguaymanto canned in syrup using Taguchi´s method. The pH of the syrup and the temperature of the heat treatment turned out to be the factors of major influence in the retention of the ascorbic acid. The levels with which major quantity of ascorbic acid was retained were: wax-off time (90 s), wax-off temperature (80°C), pH of the Syrup (2,5), degrees Brix of the Syrup (30), wax-off concentration (0,05 %), temperature (95°C) and time (11,52 min) of the heat treatment. In Stage III was characterized physicist, chemically and microbiologically corresponding to the process of production of the aguaymanto canned in syrup realized with the parameters that maximized the retention of ascorbic acid (50,54%), determining in addition the effect of the technological treatment on the content of totally caroten (1,59 mg of •-caroteno/100g), Compounds Fenólicos (39,23 mg ác. Clorogénico/100 g) and antioxidant capacity (383,73 µg eq trolox/g and 132,12 µg eq trolox/g measured by the methods of the ABTS and DPPH respectively). Keywords: Golden berry, Physalis peruviana, antioxidant capacity, phenolics compounds, carotenes.

scholarly journals Determination of the Proximate Composition, Physicochemical Analysis and Characterization of Fatty Acid on the Seed and Oil of Gossypium Hirsutum

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okonkwo S. I. ◽  
Okafor E. C.
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Carbohydrate

<p>The proximate composition, physicochemical analysis and characterization of <em>gossypium hirsutum</em> seed and its oil was carried out. The parameters that were studied in proximate analysis include (percentage) % moisture, % crude protein, % crude fiber, % ash content, % lipid. The total % carbohydrate content of the seed was 30.49<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>0.4 and the estimated % energy value was 435.58. The chemical parameters analyzed on the oil include iodine value, saponification value, free fatty acid (FFA) value and % volatile matter. In the characterization of fatty acid present in the oil with GC-MS Spectroscopy system, the major unsaturated fatty acid values were 14.53% for oleic acid and 55.38% for linoleic acid while the palmitic acid and stearic acid values which were saturated acid are 27.39% and 2.23% respectively. The percentage values of the rest of the fatty acid present in the oil were very low. The parameters determined were within the international and Nigerian industrial standard for vegetable oil.</p>

Correction Factor For Anthrone Carbohydrate in Coloured Wastewater Samples

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Leduy ◽  
N. Kosaric ◽  
J.E. Zajic
Keyword(s):  
Correction Factor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Anthrone Reagent

Abstract Spectrophotometric determination of total carbohydrate (TCH) in the wastewater samples by anthrone reagent is a simple and rapid method to follow the utilization of substrate, and hence the reduction of BOD5 load during the biological treatment process with chemoheterotrophs. However, for the coloured wastewater samples or treatment plant effluents, a correction factor was found necessary to compensate the colour inferences. Studies were conducted on various waste sulfite liquors (NH3-, Ca-, Mg-, Mixed- and Na-WSL) which provide a wide range of colours from creamy to black. The correction factor was calculated from the deviation of the standard calibration curves of glucose with and without the presence of WSL. These correction factors depended both on the nature and on the amount of WSL present. Within the practical dilution range of various WSL for the determination of TCH (1:1,000 - 4:1,000 v/v), the correction factors varied from 15 to 40%, which is highly significant if the correction was not made. In all WSL samples, the correction factor became more significant at higher concentration of WSL in the solution. Spectrophotometric studies of WSL at various concentrations within the visible range led to the development of the following empirical equation expressing their colour, $$\Lambda = \Lambda _{\rm s}\left( {1 + {[D_{\rm c}/D]}^2} \right)^{{\rm n/2}}$$ where Λ, Λs, Dc, D and n are the maximum transmitted wavelength of WSL solution, the maximum transmitted wavelength of water (solvent), the critical dilution of WSL, the dilution of WSL (reciprocal concentration of colouring materials) and the chromatic index of WSL respectively.

scholarly journals Plant age effect on asparagus yielding in terms of carbohydrate balance

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Krzesiński ◽  
Monika Gąsecka ◽  
Jerzy Stachowiak ◽  
Mikołaj Knaflewski
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Total Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents

Abstract In order to examine the effect of plant age on asparagus yielding, the number and weight of spears were analyzed. The experiment was carried out on 1-, 4- and 7-year-old plants in the aeroponic system with recirculation. The results showed that the spear number and thus also the yield were not plant age dependent, while spear diameter and their weight were. Taking into account both crown weight and the age of plants, a 26% variation in spear diameter and a 27% variation in mean spear weight were explained. Determination of dry weight and carbohydrate contents in storage roots showed these traits to be independent of asparagus plant age, except for total carbohydrate content per plant. During harvest dry weight, % Brix, sucrose, fructan and total carbohydrates contents losses were also recorded.

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