Anti-hepatitis A virus frequency in adolescents at an outpatient clinic in São Paulo, Brazil

The prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies was assessed in adolescents (age ranging from 10.4 to 19.9 years) at an Adolescent Outpatient Clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. Anti-HAV was detected in 137 (54.2%) out of 253 individuals. When separated into two age groups, anti-HAV frequency was higher in the 15 to 19 year-old group (64%) in comparison to the 10 to 14 year-old group (46%) (Chi-square test: p = 0.004). These results suggest that adolescents in São Paulo are at risk of hepatitis A infection and are probably contracting HAV infection during this age period.

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Dynamic Smile Visualization and Quantification in different age groups

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1708673 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 06 (04) ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

Harshitha V. ◽

M.S. Ravi ◽

Reshma Raveendran ◽

Raed Saeed ◽

Kiran Kumar C.

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

T Test ◽

Age Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Video Clips ◽

Younger Age ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Buccal Corridor ◽

Paired T Test ◽

Two Age Groups

Abstract Aims and Objectives: To assess the posed and dynamic smile and to compare the various attributes of smile in frontal, oblique and sagittal dimensions, in two different age groups (10- 15years and 18-25 years). Materials and Methods: The posed and dynamic smile parameters were measured using digital video clips in 80 subjects of two different age groups (10-15years and 18-25 years). Total of 15 parameters were studied in 3 planes of space. The data was analysed using student`s t-test to compare smile parameters across the age groups, paired t-test was used to analyse the parameters of posed and unposed smile within the same age group and chi-square test was performed for the discrete data. Results: The present study revealed significant differences in dynamic smile parameters between the two age groups. The parameters like Philtrum height and Smile index are more in older age group whereas the buccal corridor was more in younger age group. Significant differences were also recorded in various parameters in both the groups when the posted smile is compared with that of the dynamic smile. Conclusion: In both the age groups, the dynamic and posed smile attributes are significantly different, except for buccal corridor and interlabial gap.

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Factors associated with high-risk pregnancy: role of environmental contaminants, Brazil

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.166 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

L Martins ◽

J Fernandes ◽

Y Pamplona ◽

C Barbieri ◽

J Vaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Environmental Contaminants ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

High Risk Pregnancy ◽

São Paulo ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Chi Square ◽

Risk Pregnancy ◽

Chi Square Test

Abstract Introduction The Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista (RMBS) is considered as a region with the worst maternal and child mortality rates in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Besides this, RMBS has the worst rates of environmental contamination. High-Risk Pregnancy is one of the factors that lead to a higher chance of morbidity and mortality of the mother and fetus binomial. Objective Evaluate the relationship between exposure to environmental contaminants and high-risk pregnancy. Methodology Case-control study, using a probabilistic sample composed of 402 pregnant women divided into with and without high-risk pregnancy. The instrument used was a self-administered questionnaire and secondary data on contaminated areas obtained from the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed. The participants were also georeferenced by place of residence. Results It was observed an association, by chi-square test between high-risk pregnancy and age over 35 years (p < 0.05), use of insecticide (p < 0.001), consumption of foods packed in plastics (p = 0.050) and manipulation with oil paint (p = 0.002). The final multiple logistic regression model demonstrated that those who live in contaminated areas are 2 times more likely to have a risk pregnancy (OR = 1.993; 95%CI: 1.02; 3.90), as well as identified as jointly important risk factors for pregnancy: working in health services (OR = 3.97 (95%CI: 1.00; 16.09)), use of insecticide (OR = 3.45 (95%CI: 1.66; 7.16)) and use of oil paint (OR = 6.96 (95%CI: 1.38; 35.09)). Conclusions Environmental contaminants play an important role in pregnancy, and mitigating measures are needed to improve the environment and reduce high-risk pregnancy in RMBS. Key messages Exposure to the environmental contaminants is an important rik factor in the pregnancy. The Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista (RMBS) is considered as a region with the worst maternal and child mortality rates in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

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AVALIAÇÃO DA ADESÃO AO TRATAMENTO MEDICAMENTOSO DE PACIENTES COM DISTÚRBIOS PSIQUIÁTRICOS NO SERVIÇO DE EMERGÊNCIA

Enfermagem em Foco ◽

10.21675/2357-707x.2018.v9.n4.1271 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira Lopes ◽

Gabriela Parizzi Bianche ◽

Andréa Fachini Da Costa ◽

Meiry Fernanda Pinto Okuno ◽

Ruth Ester Assayag Batista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Treatment ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Drug Users ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medicinal Treatment ◽

High Adherence ◽

Chi Square Test

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico e avaliar a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso domiciliar e, os fatores associados, de pacientes com distúrbios psiquiátricos atendidos no Serviço de Emergência. Metodologia: Estudo transversal e analítico, realizado no Serviço de Emergência do Hospital São Paulo (HSP), de maio a dezembro de 2015. Foram incluídos 98 adultos com transtorno psiquiátrico agudo ou crônico agudizado. A adesão medicamentosa foi avaliada pelo Teste de Morisky-Green. Para verificar os fatores associados à adesão, utilizou-se o teste Qui-Quadrado (p< 0,05). Resultados: Houve predomínio de homens, adultos, que procuraram o serviço para contenção de comportamento por psicose não orgânica não especificada. Os pacientes com abstinência alcoólica e que não eram usuários de drogas apresentaram maior percentual de alta adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso. Conclusões: A adesão foi baixa e associada ao uso de psicotrópicos e drogas ilícitas.Descritores: Adesão à Medicação; Pacientes; Transtornos Mentais; Serviços Médicos de Emergência; Enfermagem.EVALUATION OF ACCESSION TO THE MEDICINAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN THE EMERGENCY SERVICEObjective: To identify the socio-demographic and clinical profile and to evaluate the adherence to home drug treatment and, the associated factors, of patients with psychiatric disorders attended at the Emergency Department. Methodology: A cross-sectional and analytical study carried out at the Emergency Service of the São Paulo Hospital (HSP), from May to December, 2015. 98 adults with acute or chronic psychiatric disorders were included. Drug adherence was assessed by the Morisky-Green Test. The chi-square test was used to verify the factors associated with adherence (p <0.05). Results: There was a predominance of men, adults, attending the service to contain behavior by unspecified nonorganic psychosis. Patients with alcohol withdrawal and who were not drug users had a higher percentage of high adherence to drug treatment. Conclusions: Adherence was low and associated with the use of psychotropic drugs and illicit drugs.Descriptors: Medication Adherence; Patients; Mental Disorders; Emergency Medical Services; Nursing.EVALUACIÓN DE LA ADHESIÓN AL TRATAMIENTO MEDICAMENTOSO DE PACIENTES CON DISTURBIOS PSIQUIÁTRICOS EN EL SERVICIO DE EMERGENCIAObjetivo: Identificar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico y evaluar la adhesión al tratamiento medicamentoso domiciliar y, los factores asociados, de pacientes con disturbios psiquiátricos atendidos en el Servicio de Emergencia. Metodología: Estudio transversal y analítico, realizado en el Servicio de Emergencia del Hospital São Paulo (HSP), de mayo a diciembre de 2015. Se incluyeron 98 adultos con trastorno psiquiátrico agudo o crónico agudizado. La adhesión medicamentosa fue evaluada por la prueba de Morisky-Green. Para verificar los factores asociados a la adhesión se utilizó la prueba Qui-Cuadrado (p <0,05). Resultados: Hubo predominio de hombres, adultos, que buscaban el servicio para contención de comportamiento por psicosis no orgánica no especificada. Los pacientes con abstinencia alcohólica y que no eran usuarios de drogas presentaron mayor porcentaje de alta adhesión al tratamiento medicamentoso. Conclusiones: La adhesión fue baja y asociada al uso de psicotrópicos y drogas ilícitas.Descriptores: Cumplimiento de la Medicación; Pacientes, Trastornos Mentales; Servicios Médicos de Urgencia; Enfermería.

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PLATINO, a nine-year follow-up study of COPD in the city of São Paulo, Brazil: the problem of underdiagnosis

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37132014000100005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 30-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Graciane Laender Moreira ◽

Beatriz Martins Manzano ◽

Mariana Rodrigues Gazzotti ◽

Oliver Augusto Nascimento ◽

Rogelio Perez-Padilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latin American ◽

Initial Phase ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Study Population ◽

The City

OBJECTIVE: To determine the underdiagnosis rate in new COPD cases at the end of a nine-year follow-up period-in the study designated "Projeto Latino-Americano de Investigação em Obstrução Pulmonar" (PLATINO, Latin-American Pulmonary Obstruction Investigation Project)-and compare that with the underdiagnosis rate during the initial phase of the study, as well as to identify the clinical features exhibited by the subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase. METHODS: The study population comprised the 1,000 residents of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, who took part in the PLATINO study. Of those, 613 participated in the follow-up phase, during which the subjects were assessed with the same instruments and equipment employed in the initial phase of the study. We used the chi-square test or the independent sample t-test to analyze the underdiagnosis rate and to identify the characteristics of the subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase. RESULTS: The underdiagnosis rate for new COPD cases at the end of the nine-year follow-up period was 70.0%. The underdiagnosis rate during the follow-up phase was 17.5% lower than that reported for the initial phase of the study. The subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase presented with fewer respiratory symptoms, better pulmonary function, and less severe disease than did those previously diagnosed with COPD. CONCLUSIONS: The underdiagnosis rate for new COPD cases was lower in the follow-up phase of the study than in the initial phase. The subjects who were not diagnosed until the end of the follow-up phase of the PLATINO study presented with the same clinical profile as did those who were not diagnosed in the initial phase. These findings underscore the need for spirometry in order to confirm the diagnosis of COPD and provide early intervention.

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Epidemiological profile of viral hepatitis infection in the population treated at a reference hospital in Alagoas

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.238431 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

K. M. da Silva ◽

J. R. da S. Ferreira ◽

A. de P. M. de Carvalho Neto ◽

D. C. de S. Gomes ◽

M. G. dos S. Cavalcanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Medical Records ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Previous History ◽

Age Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Abstract Viral hepatitis are widely spread infectious diseases caused by a variety of etiological agents that displays liver tropism as a common characteristic. A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study was conducted through the analysis of viral hepatitis medical records treated and diagnosed from 2010 to 2015. The relationship between the variables were made through the chi-square test. 632 viral hepatitis medical records were analyzed. The highest number of cases happened in 2011. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection was predominant. The most affected age group was < 20 years and the highest number of cases observed in this age group was related to HAV (p<0.001). The acute clinical form was predominant, with 70.2% of the cases. 92.3% of which corresponded to HAV infection (p<0.001). Most of the cases occurred in the brown race and male gender. Moreover, regarding the probable source/mechanism of infection, the contact with suspicious water/food for hepatitis A cases was highlighted. The sexual form predominated in HBV infection and previous history of blood transfusion in cases of hepatitis C. Most cases were spotted in the mesoregion of Eastern Alagoas, especially in the capital Maceió. It must be observed the importance of knowing the profile of this disease in order to understand its dissemination and thus have subsidies for the creation of actions and strategies to combat the infection.

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Oral Cancer Knowledge Assessment: Newly Graduated versus Senior Dental Clinicians

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2018/9368918 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gisele Pavão Spaulonci ◽

Ricardo Salgado de Souza ◽

Vanessa Gallego Arias Pecorari ◽

Luciano Lauria Dib

Keyword(s):

Oral Cancer ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Knowledge Assessment ◽

São Paulo ◽

Cancer Knowledge ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

The Subject ◽

The City

The present study assessed the level of dentists’ knowledge regarding oral cancer in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. A questionnaire was used to compare the level of knowledge among newly graduated and senior clinicians. A total of 20,154 e-mails were correctly delivered to the dentists registered in the database of the Regional Dentistry Council of São Paulo, and 477 (2.36%) responses were received. This sample consisted of 84 newly graduated clinicians and 105 senior clinicians. For the statistical analysis, the chi-square test and the logistic regression analysis were performed withα = 0.05, and the results were described herein. According to their knowledge level, the results were statistically different between the groups, since 19% of the newly graduated clinicians were evaluated with knowledge grade A (excellent) in comparison to 6.7% of the senior clinicians. In spite of the results indicated that newly graduated clinicians’ knowledge regarding oral cancer was 2.1 times higher, 34.5% of the professionals in this group had regular or poor knowledge on the subject, and several questions relating to clinical characteristics and risk factors indicated that there still exist some knowledge gaps, demonstrating that there is a need for further studies and information activities addressing oral cancer.

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Hepatitis A seroprevalence in Tuscany, Italy

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/ese.14.10.19146-en ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

Author(s):

C Gentile ◽

I Alberini ◽

I Manini ◽

S Rossi ◽

E Montomoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Central Italy ◽

Age Groups ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Trends Over Time ◽

Over Time ◽

Two Age Groups

Information regarding the current seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) is useful for the control of HAV infections. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies among children (1-5 years old) and young adults (15-20 years old) in Tuscany, in central Italy. A total of 565 sera were collected in three years 1992, 1998 and 2004, equally distributed between the two age groups. The overal proportion of those that tested positive for anti-HAV antibodies was 8.3%. The proportion of immune children (1-5 years old) statistically significantly increased over the years. The percentage of immune subjects among 15-20-year-old young adults varied over the years, not showing a significant statistical trend, nevertheless our findings indicate that in a low endemicity area, adolescents and young adults are becoming increasingly susceptible to HAV infection. On-going monitoring of immunity to HAV is necessary for detecting trends over time.

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Bruxism in children and transverse plane of occlusion: Is there a relationship or not?

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2176-9451.19.5.067-073.oar ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 67-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ana Carla Raphaelli Nahás-Scocate ◽

Fernando Vusberg Coelho ◽

Viviane Chaves de Almeida

Keyword(s):

School Environment ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Transverse Plane ◽

São Paulo ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significance Level ◽

Posterior Crossbite ◽

Potential Association ◽

Chi Square Test

OBJECTIVE: To assess the occurrence of bruxism in deciduous dentition and a potential association between the habit and the presence or absence of posterior crossbite. METHODS: A total of 940 patient files were assessed. They were gathered from the archives of University of São Paulo City - UNICID; however, 67 patient files were dismissed for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Therefore, 873 children, males and females, comprised the study sample. They were aged between 2-6 years old and came from six different public primary schools from the east of the city of São Paulo. Data were collected through questionnaires answered by parents/guardians and by clinical examinations carried out in the school environment in order to obtain the occlusal characteristics in the transverse direction. First, a descriptive statistical analysis of all variables was performed (age, sex, race, posterior crossbite, bruxism, headache and restless sleep); then, the samples were tested by means of chi-square test with significance level set at 0.05%. A logistic regression model was applied to identify the presence of bruxism. RESULTS: The prevalence of this parafunctional habit was of 28.8%, with 84.5% of patients showing no posterior crossbite. Regarding the association of bruxism with crossbite, significant results were not found. Children with restless sleep have 2.1 times more chances of developing bruxism, whereas children with headache have 1.5 more chances. CONCLUSION: Transverse plane of occlusion was not associated with the habit of bruxism.

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Prevalence of weathering nodules of the ear in patients treated at the state civil servant's hospital of São Paulo, Brazil*

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia ◽

10.1590/s0365-05962013000100007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 64-68

Author(s):

Juliana Nunes Maciel Cilento ◽

Neusa Yuriko Sakai Valente

Keyword(s):

Sun Exposure ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

São Paulo ◽

Chi Square ◽

Exposure Age ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

History Of ◽

Thermal Injuries

BACKGROUND: Weathering nodules of the ear are pale yellow, asymptomatic lesions which predominate on the helices of the ears. Although their pathogenesis remains unknown, there is an association with chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation, age and thermal injuries. Few studies have been conducted to date, and these involved a very small number of patients. OBJECTIVE: Study the prevalence of weathering nodules of the ear in patients treated in the Dermatology Service of the State Civil Servant's Hospital of São Paulo, and evaluate their probable relationship with sun exposure, age and phototypes I and II. METHODS: Four hundred patients older than 20 years of age were examined between July 2008 and December 2008. A questionnaire evaluating age, sex, place of birth, origin, occupation and history of sun exposure was applied. All patients were examined and evaluated for the presence of lesions by only one person. RESULTS: The data showed that 155 (38.8%) patients had a lesion in at least one of the ears. The Chi-Square Test was used for the comparative analysis between the groups of patients with and without lesions. In the group of patients with lesions, 29% were 70 to 79 years old, 78.1% had a history of sun exposure and 45.1% belonged to FITZPATRICK skin phototypes I and II (p<0.05%). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest relevant prevalence, probable association with chronic sun exposure, advanced age and phototypes I and II.

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