Longitudinal study on occurrence of adenoviruses and hepatitis A virus in raw domestic sewage in the city of Limeira, São Paulo

The prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies was assessed in adolescents (age ranging from 10.4 to 19.9 years) at an Adolescent Outpatient Clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. Anti-HAV was detected in 137 (54.2%) out of 253 individuals. When separated into two age groups, anti-HAV frequency was higher in the 15 to 19 year-old group (64%) in comparison to the 10 to 14 year-old group (46%) (Chi-square test: p = 0.004). These results suggest that adolescents in São Paulo are at risk of hepatitis A infection and are probably contracting HAV infection during this age period.

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The Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis A Virus Strains Circulating during Hepatitis A Outbreaks in São Paulo, Brazil, from September 2017 to May 2019

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v14010073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Samira Chuffi ◽

Michele S. Gomes-Gouvêa ◽

Luciana V. B. Casadio ◽

Ana Catharina S. S. Nastri ◽

Mario P. Gonzalez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Adult Population ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

European Countries ◽

São Paulo ◽

Acute Hepatitis A ◽

Sex With Men ◽

North And South America ◽

North And South

Outbreaks of hepatitis A may occur in countries of medium and high socioeconomic levels in which the population generally exhibits an increased susceptibility in young adults to this infection if they are not vaccinated against the hepatitis A virus (HAV). In Europe, an outbreak involved approximately 22 European countries with 4475 cases reported from 2016 to 2018; most of them were men who have sex with men (MSM). This outbreak expanded to North and South America, including Brazil, particularly in São Paulo city with 1547 reported cases from 2016 to 2019. In the present study, we characterized the HAV strains involved in the acute hepatitis A cases identified in the reference centers of São Paulo city during this outbreak. A total of 51 cases with positive anti-HAV IgM were included, 80.4% male, 68.6% of them between 20 and 40 years old and 41.7% MSM. HAV RNA was detected in 92% (47/51) of the cases. Subgenotype IA of HAV was identified and most of the strains were closely related to that isolated in outbreaks that occurred in different European countries in 2016. These results showed the epidemiological relation between these outbreaks and reinforce the need to implement vaccination against hepatitis A for the adult population, particularly for a population with a high-risk behavior.

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Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000222 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 5-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Daniel Hideki Bando ◽

Fernando Madalena Volpe

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Total Sample ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Seasonal Patterns ◽

São Paulo ◽

Health Statistics ◽

Males And Females ◽

June July ◽

The City ◽

Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

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Reaching Out to the Needy? Access to Justice and Public Attorneys’ Role in Right to Health Litigation in the City of Sao Paulo

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2165209 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Wang ◽

Octavio Luiz Motta Ferraz

Keyword(s):

Right To Health ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Access To Justice ◽

São Paulo ◽

The City ◽

The Needy

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AEROSOLS OBSERVATIONS BY AN ELASTIC LIDAR SYSTEM OVER THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Journal of Aerosol Science ◽

10.1016/s0021-8502(21)00186-5 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 407-408

Author(s):

E. LANDULFO ◽

A. PAPAYANNIS ◽

A. ZANARDI DE FREITAS ◽

M.P.P.. M. JORGE ◽

N.D. VIEIRA JÚNIOR

Keyword(s):

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Lidar System ◽

The City

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The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6185

Author(s):

André Ruoppolo Biazoti ◽

Angélica Campos Nakamura ◽

Gustavo Nagib ◽

Vitória Oliveira Pereira de Souza Leão ◽

Giulia Giacchè ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Agriculture ◽

Technical Assistance ◽

Community Gardens ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Food Chains ◽

São Paulo ◽

Sales Channels ◽

Paulo State ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, São Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in São Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from São Paulo state and 148 from São Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in São Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.

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