scholarly journals LD5o of the bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila to matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ragonha de Oliveira ◽  
Rondon Tatsuta Yamane Baptista de Souza ◽  
Elenice Martins Brasil ◽  
Jaqueline Inês Alves de Andrade ◽  
Érica da Silva Santiago Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Fish Health ◽  
Challenge Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ld50 Value ◽  
Bacterial Concentrations

In order to determine the lethal dose (96-h LD50) of the bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila to matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, to be applied in challenge tests, 90 fish (63.23 ± 6.39 g) were divided into five treatments, with different bacterial solutions: T1 - Control (0.9% NaCl saline solution); T2 (4 x 10(11) cells/ mL); T3 (5 x 10(11) cells/ mL); T4 (1.36 x 10(12) cells/ mL) and T5 (3.06 x 10(12) cells/ mL). Fish were previously anesthetized with benzocaine (60 mg L-1), inoculated in the peritoneal cavity with the bacterial suspensions and then distributed into fifteen 80-L test chambers, where the water variables were monitored and fish mortality was observed. The experiment was randomly designed in three replicates and the 96-h LD50 was estimated according to the trimmed Spearman-Karber method. Water quality variables remained within adequate ranges for fish health and performance. Fish mortality rate increased with the bacterial concentrations of A. hydrophila (T1 = 0%; T2 = 16.66%; T3 = 44.44%; T4 = 72.22% and T5 = 100%), and the first mortalities were observed after 57 h, although the signs of the bacterial infection were already observed 24 h after the inoculation. The results indicate that the 96-h LD50 value of A. hydrophila to matrinxã is 6.66 x 10(11) cells/ mL.

scholarly journals Aeromonas hydrophila, an Emerging Causative Agent of Freshwater-Farmed Whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihua Zhou ◽  
Chunlei Gai ◽  
Guifang Ye ◽  
Jian An ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Whiteleg Shrimp ◽  
Ld50 Value

Aeromonas hydrophila is a well-known bacterial pathogen associated with mass mortalities in aquaculture. Yet, few reports are available on whiteleg shrimp-pathogenic A. hydrophila. In the present study, a virulent isolate WS05 was confirmed as a causative agent of diseased freshwater-cultured whiteleg shrimp and showed a mean lethal dose (LD50) value of 4.8 × 104 CFU mL−1. It was identified phenotypically and molecularly as an A. hydrophila strain, and exhibited susceptibility to several veterinary antibiotics extensively used in aquaculture, including cotrimoxazole, doxycycline, florfenicol, neomycin, and tetracycline. In view of the strongest inhibition zone of florfenicol against isolate WS05, the synergistic effect of the combinations of florfenicol and herb extracts was further evaluated, and the result indicated that Punica granatum extract was a potential synergist of florfenicol against isolate WS05 and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) for the florfenicol-P. granatum extract was calculated as 0.31. When combined with 7.81 mg mL−1 P. granatum extract, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of florfenicol against isolate WS05 was reduced from 0.50 to 0.03 mg L−1, and its activity against isolate WS05 was also enhanced with a significant reduction of ≥3.61 log in cell density after 24 h of treatment compared with that in the single drug treatment. In addition, the protective effect was potentiated by the combination of florfenicol and P. granatum extract, with a cumulative mortality of 36.66% (p < 0.05) and 33.33% (p < 0.05) lower than that in the single treatment with florfenicol and P. granatum extract after the challenge with isolate WS05 for seven days. As far as we know, this is the first study to describe whiteleg shrimp-pathogenic A. hydrophila and suggest P. granatum extract as a potential synergist of florfenicol against the A. hydrophila pathogen.

scholarly journals 5R-BASED CHARACTER STRENGTHENING MODEL TO SUPPORT HALAL AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY PRACTITIONERS THROUGH GOOD WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND SAFE MACHINERY OPERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Syukri Fathudin Achmad Widodo ◽  
Betania Kartika ◽  
Apri Nuryanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Fish Nutrition ◽  
Fish Health ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
Aquaculture Products ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aquaculture Production

This research aims to design 5R character-based halal industry players (Ringkas, Rapi, Resik, Rawat, Rajin) or 5S (Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain), as well as their debriefing for UNY and IIUM students in supporting the Halal industry related to Good Aquaculture Practices. This area has been selected, due to some factors. The first is the occurrence of several cases of aquaculture products that changed status from being permissible to become impermissible due to the external factors, for example, the fact that the water quality is bad and contaminated with harmful chemical substances. Water quality is the most important factor affecting fish health and performance in aquaculture production system. Secondly the fish nutrition and feeding are mixed with unclean and filthy ingredients. Thirdly, it is exposed to the risk of contamination from the equipment, which eventually affects halal integrity. Halal products cannot be prepared, processed, or manufactured using equipment that is contaminated with non-halal substances (unclean defined by Shariah). Contamination can be caused by equipment that is contaminated or used together with non-halal products. Therefore, equipment and machinery used in the halal aquaculture industry play a very important role to ensure halal integrity. This paper uses a library and literature review approach. It is expected that with the arrangement of 5R or 5S-based character strengthening design, the operators of Aquaculture Industry may preserve Halal Supply Chain.

Design, Installation, and Performance of Percolation Lysimeters for Water Quality Sampling

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Klocke ◽  
R. W. Todd ◽  
G. W. Hergert ◽  
D. G. Watts ◽  
A. M. Parkhurst
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Behavior and Performance of Natural Coagulants in Polluted Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1096-1100
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Natural Coagulants ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Domestic Purpose

In this project, Polluted water sample from a Pond is collected for treating it by using Natural Coagulants. The pond is located in Madarpakkam Village, near Gummudipoondi, Tamilnadu, India. There were 4 water samples collected from four different points around the pond at depth of 0.5m, 1m, 1.5m and 2m. The water samples were analyzed for physical and chemical parameters with reference to the code IS 10500-1991. The objective of this project is to reduce the level of turbidity and bacteriological contaminants from water using locally available Natural Coagulants and to reduce the concentration of particular matter such as suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, virus and fungi and to make use of the treated water for domestic purpose, as it reduces cost about 30% to 70%, the usage of these Natural coagulants will be more in future. It is nontoxic and non-corrosive. So, it is safe for human health. The usage of Natural coagulants can be increased in future as it increases the Water quality.

scholarly journals Fish Diversity in Huchharayanakere, Shikaripura, Shivamogga District, Karnataka, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
H M Ashashree ◽  
H A Sayeswara ◽  
K L Naik ◽  
N Kumara Swamy ◽  
Nafeesa Begum
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Fish Health ◽  
Chemical Condition ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Family ◽  
Faunal Diversity

Fresh water wetlands are fragile ecosystems, which are fast deterioring and shrinking due to manmade activities. The fish composition of Huchharayanakere of Shikaripura was studied for a period of twelve months from January to December 2015. The icthyo-faunal diversity of this pond confirmed the occurrence of 13 species of fishes belonging to 5 families. The family Cyprinidae represented by 9 species. Families Anabantidae, Bagridae, Clupeidae and Notopteridae were represented by only a single species. Simultaneously the physico-chemical condition of the water body revealed that water quality is suitable for fish culture. The study of fish fauna of an aquatic body is useful for planning of fisheries development. The pond needs proper management and utilization of this fish wealth and sustainable steps to monitor and conserve the fish health. The present study revealed that Huchharayanakere of Shikaripura harbors wide varieties of fish with economic importance in local and global trade. The study will provide future strategies for development and fish conservation.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of The Stripe-Faced Dunnart, Sminthopsis Macroura (Gould 1845), To The Phenyl Pyrazole Insecticide, Fipronil, Toxicological Signs And Implications For Pesticide Risk Assessments In Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Story ◽  
Lyn A Hinds ◽  
Steve Henry ◽  
Andrew C. Warden ◽  
Greg Dojchinov
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Eutherian Mammal ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Median Lethal Dose ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
Sminthopsis Macroura ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ld50 Value ◽  
Female Responses

Abstract A lack of toxicity data quantifying responses of Australian native mammals to agricultural pesticides prompted an investigation into the sensitivity of the stripe-faced dunnart, Sminthopsis macroura (Gould 1845) to the insecticide, fipronil (5-amino-3-cyano-1-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-trifluoromethylsulfinyl pyrazole, CAS No. 120068-37-3). Using the Up-And-Down method for determining acute oral toxicity in mammals, derived by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), median lethal dose estimates of 990 mg kg− 1 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 580.7–4770.0 mg kg− 1) and 270.4 mg kg− 1 (95% CI = 0.0 - >20000.0 mg kg− 1) were resolved for male and female S. macroura respectively. The difference between median lethal dose estimates for males and females may have been influenced by the increased age of two female dunnarts. Further modelling of female responses to fipronil doses used the following assumptions: (a) death at 2000 mg kg− 1, (b) survival at 500 mg kg− 1 and (c) a differential response (both survival and death) at 990 mg kg− 1. This modelling revealed median lethal dose estimates for female S. macroura of 669.1 mg kg− 1 (95% CI = 550–990 mg kg− 1; assuming death at 990 mg kg− 1) and 990 mg kg− 1 (95% CI = 544.7–1470 mg kg− 1; assuming survival at 990 mg kg− 1). These median lethal dose estimates are 3–10-fold higher than the only available LD50 value for a similarly sized eutherian mammal, Mus musculus (L. 1758; 94 mg kg− 1) and that available for Rattus norvegicus (Birkenhout 1769; 97 mg kg− 1). Implications for pesticide risk assessments in Australia are discussed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Larutan Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio) Pasca Transportasi [Influence Use Of Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) To Rate Koi Fish (Cyprinus carpio) Blood Glucose After Transportation]

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Laksmi Sulmartiwi, Sri Harweni, Akhmad Taufiq Mukti, Rr. Juni Triastuti
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Blocking Effect ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Transport Medium ◽  
Fish Blood

Abstract Transportation makes stress for fish because of high density and decreasing of water quality. Stress can increase blood glucose. Bandotan have Ca blocking effect. The Ca blocking effect occur in reticulum endoplasmic in smooth muscle. This research aimed to identify bandotan leaf effect in transport medium on blood glucose of koi fish post transportation and to identify best dosage of bandotan leaf on koi fish tranport medium to decrease the blood glucose of koi fish post transportation. Research method used was experimental. Treatment used was providign different bandotan leaf dossage: A (0 g/L), B (0.45 g/L), C (0,9 g/L), D (1.35 g/L) and E (1.8 g/L) and each treatment was repeaetd four times. Main parameter observed in this research was koi fish blood glucose every eight hours for twenty four hours and supporting parameter consisted of: water quality and fish mortality rate. Then the data obtained were prepared using ANOVA, continued by Dunnett Test and then by Duncan’s Multiple Distance. Research result shwoed that bandotan leaf supply in transport medium had no effect on koi fish blood glucose post transportation and highest dosage of bandotan leaf in transport medium on blood glucose of koi fish post transportation was 0.45 g/L.

scholarly journals Design of Monitoring System for Salt Concentration in Milkfish Ponds using Android

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Nuzlya Ramadhana
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Ph Sensors

In the cultivation of milkfish, water quality is very concerned about in order to minimize fish mortality when cultivated. Several important factors in the cultivation of milkfish are the level of salt content in the water, temperature and pH. Currently, farmers monitor water quality manually by coming directly to see water quality. If there are dead fish, the cultivator will replace the new water. This will have an impact on fish production which will decrease. The milkfish pond uses brackish water for pond waters. The salt content is between the sea water content and the fresh water content. The grade level may change from season to season. This change is due to biological processes that occur in these waters as well as the interaction between pond waters and the surrounding environment. The results showed that the results of the design of the salt concentration monitoring system in the milkfish ponds that have been carried out using Arduino Uno, conductivity sensors, pH sensors, temperature sensors, wifi modules, Mi-Fi and Smartphones to access android applications. The results of testing the microcontroller functionality that have been made are in accordance with the design and are running well. The system designed to transmit information in the form of salinity values, pH sensors, temperature sensors and TDS values ??with sensor accuracy that is linear with measurement results using conventional measuring instruments with the highest error values ??of 1.3%, 2.06%, 0.702% and 1.5 respectively. %.

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