scholarly journals Laser therapy in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thereza Christinna Cellos Gonçalves Pinheiro Ladalardo ◽  
Antonio Pinheiro ◽  
Roberto Augusto de Carvalho Campos ◽  
Aldo Brugnera Júnior ◽  
Fátima Zanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Dentine Hypersensitivity ◽  
Nociceptive Stimulus ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Minute Post ◽  
Numeric Scale

Cervical dentine hypersensitivity is the most frequent complaint among reported odontalgias. Thus, this study evaluated the effectiveness of two types of lasers (660 nm wavelength red, and 830 nm wavelength infrared) as dentine desensitizers, as well as both the immediate and late therapeutic effects in individuals 25 to 45 years of age. A total of 40 teeth with cervical exposure were treated in 4 sessions. They were divided into 2 groups according to treatment. A 660 nm wavelength red diode laser and an 830 nm wavelength infrared diode laser were used. Dentine sensitivity to cold nociceptive stimulus was evaluated by means of a pain numeric scale from zero to 10 before each treatment session, at 15 and 30 min after irradiation, and in a follow-up period of 15, 30 and 60 days after the end of treatment. Significant levels of dentinal desensitization were only found in patients ranging in age from 25 to 35 years. The 660 nm red diode laser was more effective than the 830 nm infrared laser and a higher level of desensitization was observed at the 15 and 30 minute post-irradiation examinations. The immediate and late therapeutic effects of the 660 nm red diode laser were more evident in 25-35-year-old patients compared with those of the 830 nm infrared diode laser, in terms of the different age groups.

scholarly journals Medical Applications of Diode Lasers: Pulsed versus Continuous Wave (cw) Regime

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 710
Author(s):  
Michał Michalik ◽  
Jacek Szymańczyk ◽  
Michał Stajnke ◽  
Tomasz Ochrymiuk ◽  
Adam Cenian
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Diode Lasers ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pulsed Mode ◽  
Medical Therapies

The paper deals with the medical application of diode-lasers. A short review of medical therapies is presented, taking into account the wavelength applied, continuous wave (cw) or pulsed regimes, and their therapeutic effects. Special attention was paid to the laryngological application of a pulsed diode laser with wavelength 810 nm, and dermatologic applications of a 975 nm laser working at cw and pulsed mode. The efficacy of the laser procedures and a comparison of the pulsed and cw regimes is presented and discussed.

Comparison of Human Thymus Gland between Young and Old Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1907-1909
Author(s):  
Faiza Mehboob ◽  
Ponum Mirani ◽  
M. Kamran Ameer ◽  
Khurram Shabeer ◽  
Muhammad Ali Qamar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Age ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Human Thymus ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: Study was conducted to examine the different parameters of human thymus glands of young and old patients and compare the findings between both age groups. Study Design: Comparative/observational study Place and Study: Study was conducted at Anatomy department of Nishtar Medical University Hospital, Multan for duration of six months from 15th January 2020 to 15th July 2020. Methods: Total 54 specimens of human thymus of 54 patients were enrolled in this study. All specimens were divided in to two groups I and II, Group I contains 27 patients with ages <30 years and group II with 27 patients having ages 45 to 60 years. All specimens were fixed in 10% formalin solution and then processed for paraffin embedding. Compare the different parameters such as thickness of interlobular connective tissue and thymic capsule, length and number of Hassal’s corpuscles between both groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: In group I 12 (44.44%) patients were ages <15 years and 15 (55.56%) patients were ages >15 years. In group 13 (48.15%) and 14 (51.85%) patients were ages <50 years and >50 years. There was a significant difference observed between both groups regarding thickness of interlobular connective tissue and thymic capsule, quantity and length of Hassal’s corpuscles with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that patients with young age had significantly less thickness of thymic capsule and interlobular connective tissue with more in number and decreasing size of Hassal’s corpuscles as compared to old age patients. Keywords: Human Thymus Glands, Young Age, Old Age

PREVALENCE AND FEATURES OF GERIATRIC SYNDROMES TREATMENT IN OLD PATIENTS (CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY)

2020 ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
Е. Д. Голованова ◽  
Н. Е. Титова ◽  
Т. Е. Афанасенкова ◽  
И. А. Аргунова ◽  
Т. Н. Янковая ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Dependence ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Planning Treatment ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Outpatient Practice

Изучали распространенность хронических неинфекционных заболеваний (ХНИЗ) у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста во взаимосвязи с синдромом старческой астении, распространенность саркопении в зависимости от гендерных особенностей и частоту встречаемости синдрома падений у пациентов старших возрастных групп с саркопенией. Анализировали особенности медикаментозной терапии в амбулаторной практике. Использовали метод комплексной гериатрической оценки у 528 пациентов, разделенных на три возрастные группы (65-74 года, 75-84 года, 85 лет и старше). Оказалось, что в структуре ХНИЗ у пациентов гериатрического профиля преобладают артериальная гипертензия, ИБС, а также их осложнения - ХСН и фибрилляция предсердий, частота встречаемости которых имеет выраженную возрастную зависимость и увеличивается у больных со старческой астенией. Для пациентов старших возрастных групп обоего пола характерно увеличение частоты встречаемости саркопении и связанного с ней повышенного риска синдрома падений, что необходимо учитывать при планировании лечебно-реабилитационных мер как в стационаре, так и при оказании первичной медикосоциальной помощи. We studied the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (CND) in elderly and senile patients in conjunction with the syndrome of senile asthenia, the prevalence of sarcopenia depending on gender characteristics and the frequency of occurrence of the falls syndrome in patients with sarcopenia of older age groups. The features of drug therapy in outpatient practice were analyzed. The method of complex geriatric assessment was used in 528 patients divided into 3 age groups (65-74 years, 75-84 years, 85 years or more). It turned out that in the structure of CND in geriatric patients dominated: arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, and their complications - chronic heart failure and atrial fi brillation their incidence has a pronounced age dependence and increases in patients with senile asthenia. Patients of older age groups of both sexes are characterized by an increase in the incidence of sarcopenia and the associated increased risk of falls syndrome, which must be taken into account when planning treatment and rehabilitation measures both in the hospital and when providing primary medical and social care.

scholarly journals No Survival Benefit in Octogenarians and Nonagenarians with Extended Hemodialysis Treatment Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Jee Ko ◽  
Yoshitsugu Obi ◽  
Melissa Soohoo ◽  
Tae Ik Chang ◽  
Soo Jeong Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Session Length ◽  
Fluid Removal ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Solute Clearance

Background: The population of elderly end-stage renal disease patients initiating dialysis is rapidly growing. Although longer treatment is supposed to benefit for hemodialysis (HD) patients through more solute clearance and slower fluid removal, it is not yet clear how treatment session length affects mortality risk in octogenarians and nonagenarians. Methods: In a cohort of 112,026 incident HD patients between 2007 and 2011, we examined the association of treatment session length with all-cause mortality, adjusting for demographics and comorbid conditions. We also used restricted spline functions for age to evaluate continuous changes in the association of short (< 210 min) and extended (≥240 min) HD treatment (vs. 210 to < 240 min) with all-cause mortality over continuous age. Results: During the first 91 days of dialysis, patients aged ≥80 years tended to have the lowest treatment session length (median [interquartile range] 211 [193–230] min, r > 0.5). Longer treatment was associated with better survival in patients < 65 and 65 to < 80 years but not in octogenarians/nonagenarians. The association of extended treatment (≥240 min) with better survival was attenuated across age and not significant among patients aged ≥80 years with a hazard ratio of 1.10 (95% CI 0.99–1.20). Shorter treatment sessions (< 210 min) was associated with higher mortality across all age groups. Conclusion: Extended HD was not associated with lower mortality among octogenarians and nonagenarians, while it was associated with better survival among younger patients. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment session length in elderly incident HD patients.

scholarly journals Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia and prevalence of comorbidities in elderly patient population

2020 ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Sergey K. Zyryanov ◽  
M.S. Chenkurov ◽  
Marina A. Ivzhits ◽  
Yu.A. Batechko ◽  
E.B. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

Objective. To investigate the mortality rate, comorbidity prevalence, and etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in elderly patient population. Materials and Methods. Hospitalized elderly patients with CAP were distributed into the following age groups: 65–74 years (group I), 75–84 years (group II) and 85–94 years (group III). The patients’ medical records were used for determining comorbidities and mortality rate. In order to determine etiology of CAP, sputum or BAL samples were collected. A total of 171 isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Results. The mortality rates were 27.1%, 31.5% and 45.7% in age groups I, II, III, respectively. The most common concomitant diseases in all age groups were arterial hypertension (47.4%, 54.6%, and 62.8% for groups I, II, and III, respectively), chronic heart failure (45.7%, 50.9%, and 60.0%, respectively), and coronary heart disease (15.2%, 25.9%, and 24.3%, respectively). The most frequently isolated bacteria by age group were the following: group I – non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) (7.4%), Enterobacterales (6.6%), S. aureus (6.6%); group II – Enterobacterales (13.9%), S. aureus (5.6%), Enterococcus spp. (5.6%), NFGNB (2.8%); group III – NFGNB (15.4%), S. aureus (7.7%), Enterococcus spp. (7.7%), Enerobacterales (7.7%). Conclusions. The mortality rates in elderly patients with CAP were high and varied from 27.1% in 65–74 years old patients to 45.7% in 85–94 years old patients. The most common comorbidities in all age groups were arterial hypertension (up to 62.8%), chronic heart failure (up to 60%), and coronary heart disease (up to 25.9%). The main pathogens causing CAP in elderly patient population were Enterobacterales and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals A Clinicopathological Analysis on Diffuse Midline Glioma in Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Mu Hu ◽  
Xiao Yu Nie ◽  
Kai Lun Xu ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
Feng Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Diffuse Midline Glioma

Abstract Purpose: Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3K27M mutant is a new entity that has become widely recognized. However, studies concerning DMG in adult patients remains rare. We did a retrospective study covering the largest amount of patients to date to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of DMG in adult. Methods: We reviewed 117 cases of adult DMG, collected their clinical and imaging data along with pathological results including H3K27M. Summarized their features and the connection with overall survival in different age groups.Results: Among 117 cases, most tumors were located at the thalamus, 39 patients had H3K27M mutation, of whom 38 demonstrated down regulation of H3K27me3. The average overall survival of H3K27M-mutant gliomas was 13 months, while that of 78 H3K27M wild-type gliomas were 11.8 months. For young patients (age＜35), The median survival time of the H3K27M-mutant was 20.1 months, while that of the H3K27M wild-type was 39.5 months. For older patients (age≥35), the median survival time of the H3K27M-mutant was 22.3 months, while that of the H3K27M wild-type was 17.1 months. The OS of patients who received biopsies, subtotal resections, and total resections were 15.8, 17.6, and 11.6 months respectively. Conclusion: The DMG in adults mainly occurred in the thalamus. H3K27M mutations tend to happen more frequently in young adults, and this genetic alteration results in a worse outcome only in young patients. For old patients, age and the approach of surgery are independent prognostic factors. Patients received biopsy instead of total resection had a better prognosis.

Transcheter aortic valve implantation as a method of treatment of chronic heart failure in elderly and old patients: Literature review (part 1)

2022 ◽  
pp. 901-909
Author(s):  
К. Л. Козлов ◽  
А.Н. Богомолов ◽  
Е.И. Сенькина ◽  
Н.Г. Лукьянов ◽  
Л.В. Башкатова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Interventional Cardiology ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Implantation ◽  
Valve Implantation

Стеноз аортального клапана (АК) - самое частое приобретенное клапанное заболевание с растущей распространенностью из-за старения населения, требующее хирургического или эндоваскулярного вмешательства. Транскатетерная имплантация АК (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation, TAVI) представляет собой настоящую революцию в области интервенционной кардиологии для лечения пациентов старческого возраста или из группы высокого риска с тяжелым симптомным стенозом АК. TAVI позволяет выполнять коррекцию аортального порока наиболее тяжелой группе больных ХСН с выраженной коморбидностью, которым противопоказано выполнение открытой операции по замене АК, для прерывания порочного круга в прогрессировании ХСН, стимуляции обратного ремоделирования миокарда, облегчения симптомов, улучшения качества жизни и прогноза больных, а также в качестве «моста» к трансплантации сердца. Благодаря разработке устройств нового поколения, TAVI превратилась из сложной и опасной процедуры в эффективную и безопасную методику. Наибольший научный интерес в настоящее время представляет изучение долговечности клапана и возможности расширения показаний к выполнению TAVI у категорий пациентов с низким хирургическим риском, а также более молодого возраста. Aortic valve (AV) stenosis is the most common acquired valvular disease with an increasing prevalence due to an aging population, requiring surgical or endovascular intervention. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) represents a real revolution in the field of interventional cardiology for the treatment of elderly or high-risk patients with severe symptomatic AV stenosis. TAVI allows for the correction of aortic defect in the most severe group of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with severe comorbidity, who are contraindicated for open surgery to replace AV, in order to interrupt the vicious circle in the progression of CHF, stimulate reverse myocardial remodeling, alleviate symptoms, improve the quality of life, and prognosis of patients, and also as a «bridge» to heart transplantation. With the development of next-generation devices, TAVI has evolved from a complex and dangerous procedure to an effective and safe technique. Currently, the greatest scientific interest is the study of valve durability and the possibility of expanding the indications for performing TAVI in categories of patients with low surgical risk, as well as in younger age groups.

scholarly journals Implications of Achieving TICI 2b Versus TICI 3 Reperfusion in Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Neurosurgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Dheeraj Gandhi ◽  
Charles C Matouk ◽  
Joseph Schindler ◽  
Danny Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Outcome Differences

Abstract INTRODUCTION The degree of successful reperfusion of large vessel occlusions (LVO) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated by mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is one of the critical and potentially modifiable determinants of clinical outcome. Differences in outcomes between patients with TICI 2b vs TICI 3 reperfusion have recently been highlighted. This study examines the public health and cost implications of achieving TICI 2b vs TICI 3 reperfusion. METHODS A decision-analytic study was performed to estimate the lifetime quality-adjusted life years (QALY) and associated costs based on the degree of reperfusion achieved. The base case calculations and multiple one-way sensitivity analyses were performed for AIS patients with LVO undergoing MT in 3 age groups: 55, 65, and 75 yr old, respectively. RESULTS Within 90 d, achieving TICI 3 results in a cost-saving of $5,258 per patient and health benefit of 7.3 d in perfect health as compared to TICI 2b. In the long-term, for the 3 ages groups (55, 65, and 75 yr old), achieving TICI 3 results in cost savings of $82,965, $51,155, and $31,034 respectively, and health benefits of 2.42 QALYs, 1.92 QALYs, and 1.36 QALYs. Every 1% increase in TICI 3 in 55-yr-old patients at a nation-wide level results in a cost saving of nearly $6.1 million and a health benefit of 176 QALYs. Among 65-yr-old patients, the corresponding cost savings and health benefit are $3.7 million and 176 QALYs, and $2.3 million and 99 QALYS for 75-yr-old patients. CONCLUSION There are substantial cost and health implications of achieving complete vs incomplete reperfusion after EVT. Our study reinforces the need for a more conservative definition of therapy success and treatment approaches to achieve TICI 3 reperfusion.

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