scholarly journals Diallel analyses and estimation of genetic parameters of hot pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Alencar de Sousa ◽  
Wilson Roberto Maluf
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The degree of heterosis in the genus Capsicum spp. is considered high; however, most of the studies refer to the species Capsicum annuum L. In spite of the potential use of F1 hybrids in pungent peppers of the species Capsicum chinense, few studies are available which assess the magnitude of heterosis in this species . This study was carried out to assess heterosis and its components in F1 hybrids from a diallel cross between hot pepper lines (Capsicum chinense) and to obtain data on the allelic interaction between the parents involved in the crosses. Trials were made in Rio Branco-Acre, Brazil, from March through October 1997. A randomized complete block design with fifteen treatments and three replications was used. The treatments were five C. chinense accessions (from the Vegetable Germplasm Bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa - BGH/UFV) and 10 F1 hybrids derived from single crosses between them (reciprocals excluded). Diallel analyses were performed for total yield, fruit length/diameter ratio, fruit dry matter per plant, Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria incidence, capsaicin yield per plant and number of seeds per fruit. Non-additive genetic effects were larger than additive effects for all the traits assessed. Epistasis was detected for fruit dry matter per plant, capsaicin yield per plant and number of seeds per fruit. In these cases, epistasis seemed to be largely responsible for heterosis expression. Dominant gene action, ranging from incomplete dominance to probable overdominance, was responsible for heterosis in those traits where no epistatic genetic action was detected.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY OF FORAGE WATERMELON ( Citrullus lanatus var. citroides ) GERMPLASM

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 768-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTA MACHADO SANTOS ◽  
NATONIEL FRANKLIN DE MELO ◽  
MARIA ALDETE JUSTINIANO DA FONSECA ◽  
MÁRIO ADRIANO ÁVILA QUEIROZ
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Ethereal Extract ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Number Of Seeds

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify parents and promising hybrid combinations for the improvement of forage watermelon. Five parents were evaluated: BGCIA 996 (1), BGCIA 997 (2), BGCIA 998 (3), BGCIA 228 (4), Jojoba (5) and ten F1 hybrids, which were obtained from balanced diallel crosses. The experimental design was in a complete randomized block, with three replications. The morphoagronomic and bromatological traits were evaluated. The highlights were the progenitors BGCIA 997, BGCIA 998, BGCIA 228 and Jojoba for protein content, fruit yield, in vitro digestibility of dry matter and number of seeds, respectively. The hybrid 1x4 stood out for fruit length, seed number, and ethereal extract. The hybrid 2x3 stood out for rind and pulp thickness while the hybrids 3x4, 3x5 and 4x5 had exceptional digestibility, protein content and fruit yield, respectively. The analysis of the standard deviation of the SCA estimates of both SD (Sij- Sik) and SD (Sij- Skl) indicated that no hybrids were found that had SCA estimates twice that of SD (Sij- Sik) or SD (Sij- Skl), except for the hybrid 1x4 for the number of seeds per fruit. These results suggest that the parents were more promising than the hybrids. Similarly, the GCA estimates favor the intrapopulation method, which will promote greater efficiency in selection for genetic gains.

Sowing date affects yield components of canarygrass seed

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Bodega ◽  
M. A. De Dios ◽  
M. M. Pereyra Iraola
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Canarygrass (Phalaris canariensis L.) crops are sown from June to mid-September in the southeastern area of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Sowing dates in this range result in different growing temperatures and photoperiods that affect the duration of developmental stages, biomass production, and seed yield and its components. For Argentina, there are no reported studies that address these effects. This study on the effects of sowing date was conducted during four growing seasons (1996–1999) at the Instituto Nacional de Tecnologí a Agropecuaria (INTA) Experimental Station at Balcarce, Argentina, using a population provided by Dr. Jaime Lloveras, University of Leyda, Spain. Different seeding dates were chosen from June to mid-September. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four blocks. When the sowing date was delayed, total dry matter (DM) decreased. For early sowing dates seed yield was constant, but after 10 August it was reduced by 1.5% for each day of delay. Earlier sowing increased the duration of pre-anthesis development with greater uniformity in panicle size and the number of seeds. Seed yield was related lin early to the number of seeds and plant dry matter yield (DMY). The rate of progress from emergence to anthesis (1/days from emergence to anthesis) was proportional to the mean photoperiod. Under the environmental conditions in Balcarce, the accumulated required thermal units for anthesis was reduced when sowing was delayed from June to September. This reduction was related to the photoperiod and was estimated as –189.3 growing degree-days per hour of photoperiod increment. Key words: Canarygrass, seed yield, sowing date, yield components

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY, HERITABILITY AND CORRELATION BETWEEN LOCAL CULTIVARS OF PADDY GOGO

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Mustakim Mustakim ◽  
Sakka Samudin ◽  
Maemunah Maemunah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Seed Diameter

Paddy is one of the important cereal crops as food a main  food for a third of the world's population, including Asia. Production of paddy rice plants can be improved through plant genetic improvement. The ebjective of this study was examine the genetic diversity, heritability, and correlation between the characteristics of several local upland rice cultivars. This study was carried out in Tamarenja Village, Sindue District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. It was began in May to October 2018. A Randomized Block Design with eight cultivars as a genotypic treatment and reapeted three times was used in this study. There were 24 trial plots in total. Variables observed included plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, age of panicle exit, panicle length, harvest age, number of seeds per panicle, seed length, seed diameter, weight of 100 seeds, and total yield. The results showed that the genetic influences were more dominant than the environment on all observed variables except the weight of 100 seeds and seed diameter. The number of seeds per panicle, the number of tillers and the number of productive tillers were traits that have a high value on heritability and genetic progress. Panicle length, seed diameter and weight of 100 seeds were characteristics that have a high genetic correlation coefficient on upland rice yields. The weight of 100 seeds has a direct influence and high genetic correlation to the results so that it can be used as a direct selection criterion to increase upland rice yields.

scholarly journals Efficacy of ethrel (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) as a chemical hybridizing agent in red pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. Pusa jwala)

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
D. K. Agnihotri ◽  
S. V. S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Number Of Seeds

A field experiment was conducted during 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 to study the effect of foliar sprays of ethrel or ethephon (2- chloroethyl phosphonic acid) on pollen sterility and yield parameters in Capsicum annuum var. Pusa jwala. Effect of treatments was also studied in F1 hybrids raised from treated male sterile plants crossed with the control plants. Plants sprayed with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% (v/v) ethrel exhibited 93.1-100% pollen sterility. This was associated with significant reduction in yield parameters (number of flowers, fruits/plant, fruit size, number of seeds/fruit and total yield/plant). However, the plants sprayed only once with 0.1% ethrel at pre-meiotic stage showed 93.1% pollen sterility without any significant reduction in yield parameter. The F1 hybrids obtained by crossing the 100% male sterile treated plants with the pollen of untreated (control) plants exhibited only insignificant reduction in the number of flowers/ plant, fruits/plant, fruit size, number of seeds/fruit and total yield/plant. However, these parameters in F1 hybrids were significantly higher over the treated plants.

scholarly journals Assessment of combining ability for yield and quality components in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayanasamy Rohini ◽  
Valliyappan Lakshmanan ◽  
Desabandhu Saraladevi ◽  
John J. Amalraj ◽  
Perumal Govindaraju
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Action Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Pure Lines ◽  
Almost All

Six parental genotypes and their thirty F1 hybrids in a full diallel cross system with reciprocals, were used in the present study to estimate combining ability for five quantitative and five qualitative traits in hot pepper. The mean sum of squares due to general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and reciprocal combining ability (RCA) were significant for all the characters which suggest that these parents could have performed differently in different combinations indicating interallelic interactions. All the traits studied exhibited greater SCA variance than GCA, suggesting that these traits are controlled by non-additive gene action. Analysis of the GCA effects of parents for various traits revealed that LCA625, K1 and PKM1 were the best general combiners for almost all the traits. Estimates of SCA effects showed that the hybrids LCA625 × K1, K1 × Arka LohitandPusa Jwala × PKM1were found to be the best combiners for yield and its attributes. The hybrid K1 × Arka Lohitwas the best reciprocal combiner for quality parameters based on its better mean performance and combining ability. These results suggest that commercial production of hot pepper hybrids and isolation of pure lines from these hybrids is a possible way to enhance the yield and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance and Heterosis in Common Bean Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Valvenarg Pereira da Silva ◽  
Marco Antonio Aparecido Barelli ◽  
Rafhael Felipin-Azevedo ◽  
Juliana Parisotto Poletine ◽  
Cristiani Santos Bernini
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Longitudinal Length ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The agronomic performance and heterosis of common bean genotypes were evaluated using the diallel cross between two cultivars IPR Uirapuru and IPR Campos Gerais and five local varieties BGU-1, BGU-7, BGU-13, BGU-36 and BGU-36 and its 21 possible diallel hybrids. The treatments were evaluated under greenhouse conditions in a randomized block design with ten replications, at the Empresa Mato-Grossense de Pesquisa, Assistência e Extensão Rural (EMPAER), in the county of Cáceres, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The characteristics were evaluated: average number of days for emergence, number of days for flowering, average height of insertion of the first pod, average final height of plants, average stem diameter, average longitudinal length of pods, average total number of pods per plant, average number of seeds per pod, average number of seeds per plant, average weight of seeds and grain production. Based on the set of analysis performed and the characteristics evaluated, it can be concluded that for the increase in production the combinations composed by the parents IPR Uirapuru × BGU-1, IPR Uirapuru × BGU-6, BGU-7 × BGU-1, BGU -7 × BGU-36, BGU-1 × BGU-36, BGU-25 x BGU-36 and BGU-13 × BGU-36 showed positive

scholarly journals VARIASI GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, TINDAK GEN DAN KEMAJUAN GENETIK KEDELAI (Glycine max Merrill) PADA ULTISOL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suprapto Suprapto ◽  
Narimah Md Kairudin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Broadsense Heritability

Information on genetic variation, heritability, gene action and genetic advance were important in the development of soybean varieties adapted on Ultisol. The objective of this experiment was to estimate genetic variation, hertability, gene action and genetic advance from the populaton used in breeding program. Six genotypes, i.e Dempo, Cikuray, Davros, Orba, Sindoro and Wilis were intercrossed using diallel Griffings’ Method 2 Model 1 (1956). These six genotypes and 15 F1  hybrids were planted on Ultisol using randomized complete block design with three replications located in Medan Baru village, Bengkulu city in 1999. The results of this experiment revealed that all traits showed low to high genetic variation, high broadsense heritability, low to high narrowsense heritability and genetic advance. Date of flowering and root length were fully controlled by additive gene action, however harvest index was fully controlled by   negative dominant gene action and epistasis. Other traits were controlled by positive and negative partially dominant, and positive overdominant  genes. 

scholarly journals Performance of carrot genotypes at two Jequitinhonha Valley sites

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4059
Author(s):  
Gustavo Antônio Mendes Pereira ◽  
Maxwel Coura Oliveira ◽  
Altino Júnior Mendes Oliveira ◽  
José Sebastião Cunha Fernandes ◽  
Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
The Town

<p>The successful commercial use of carrot depends on the choice of cultivars that are well-adapted to soil and climate conditions at the cultivation site and on good consumer acceptance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of carrot cultivars grown in autumn-winter in two towns with different climatic characteristics, in the High Jequitinhonha Valley, MG, Brazil. The experiments were conducted on the Rio Manso farm, in the town of Couto de Magalhães de Minas and on Campus JK at UFVJM, in the town of Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Six carrot cultivars (Brasília, Nantes, Kuronan, Esplanada, Planalto and Tornado) were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The following morpho-agronomic characteristics were evaluated 100 days after sowing: shoot height, root length, root dry matter, total dry matter, harvest index, commercial yield and total yield root. The most suitable cultivars in Diamantina were Planalto, Tornado and Kuronan, and the cultivatar Planalto was the best suited to Couto de Magalhães de Minas. The agronomic performance of the cultivars was higher in Couto de Magalhães de Minas for the majority of the study variables, resulting in a higher total yield and commercial root yield. The climatic and soil conditions of Diamantina induced flowering in most cultivars, causing a loss to the commercial yield in autumn-winter cultivation.</p>

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis of Quality and Yield Contributing Traits of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Rana ◽  
M G Rasu ◽  
A K M A Islam ◽  
M M Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Graph Analysis ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Allelic Interaction ◽  
Positive Effect

A 5 X 5 diallel analysis was carried out according to Hayman on quality and yield contributing traits of pumpkin. Five (5) advanced inbreds of pumpkin viz IB 23, IB 40, IB 47, IB 50 and IB 57 were used in this study. The five parents and their F1 hybrids were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications for studying the quality and yield contributing traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all of the traits except dry matter and fruit yield. Parental mean suggested that all the parents contained recessive alleles with positive effect. In the 5 × 5 diallel set, Wr-Vr graph analysis revealed the presence of allelic interaction in all the character’s except fruit length, dry matter, brix percentage and reducing sugar where non-allelic interaction was present.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 15-32

scholarly journals Performance of carrot genotypes at two Jequitinhonha Valley sites

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4059
Author(s):  
Gustavo Antônio Mendes Pereira ◽  
Maxwel Coura Oliveira ◽  
Altino Júnior Mendes Oliveira ◽  
José Sebastião Cunha Fernandes ◽  
Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
The Town

The successful commercial use of carrot depends on the choice of cultivars that are well-adapted to soil and climate conditions at the cultivation site and on good consumer acceptance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of carrot cultivars grown in autumn-winter in two towns with different climatic characteristics, in the High Jequitinhonha Valley, MG, Brazil. The experiments were conducted on the Rio Manso farm, in the town of Couto de Magalhães de Minas and on Campus JK at UFVJM, in the town of Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Six carrot cultivars (Brasília, Nantes, Kuronan, Esplanada, Planalto and Tornado) were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The following morpho-agronomic characteristics were evaluated 100 days after sowing: shoot height, root length, root dry matter, total dry matter, harvest index, commercial yield and total yield root. The most suitable cultivars in Diamantina were Planalto, Tornado and Kuronan, and the cultivatar Planalto was the best suited to Couto de Magalhães de Minas. The agronomic performance of the cultivars was higher in Couto de Magalhães de Minas for the majority of the study variables, resulting in a higher total yield and commercial root yield. The climatic and soil conditions of Diamantina induced flowering in most cultivars, causing a loss to the commercial yield in autumn-winter cultivation.

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