scholarly journals Risk factors for syphilis in young women attending a family health program in Vitória, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Espinosa Miranda ◽  
Nínive Camilo Figueiredo ◽  
Valdir Monteiro Pinto ◽  
Kimberly Page ◽  
Sinésio Talhari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Health Program ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of STDs among women indicates the need to implement approaching techniques, case detection and prevention of new cases. OBJECTIVES: To describe the frequency of risk factors for syphilis and assess attitudes towards sexual risk in a population of young women in Vitória, ES. METHODS: Cross-sectional, population-based study, performed in Vitória. Interviews were held and VDRL and MHA-TP were investigated in blood samples. RESULTS: Among the 904 eligible women (18-29 years) sampled from the Family Health Program (FHP), 11 were diagnosed with syphilis, a prevalence of 1.2% (CI95% 0.5-1.9). Median age was 23 years (interquartile range 20-26 years); 65.7% of participants were in high school or college and 85.4% lived with their family or sexual partner. Factors associated with syphilis included: lower educational level (<8 years of schooling) [Adjusted Odds Ratio aOR=4.3 (CI 95% 1.01-17.99)]; >1 lifetime sexual partners [(aOR) =6.50 (CI95% 1.37-30.82)], and history of a previously diagnosed STD [aOR=10.3 (CI95% 2.37-44.33)]. Two thirds (67.7%) of the women surveyed agreed that it is not easy to tell their sexual partner they do not want to have sex without condoms; 52.3% thought it is difficult to use condoms in all sexual intercourses, and 36.2% said they cannot do anything if their partner refuses to use condoms. CONCLUSIONS: Using the FHP as an approach to perform routine VDRL can contribute to decreasing the vulnerability of these women and help control congenital syphilis.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study to Find Prevalence and Risk Factors for Childhood Asthma in Pune City, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cheraghi ◽  
Alireza Dadgarinejad ◽  
Sundeep Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

We aimed to determine current prevalence of asthma and risk factors associated with it in Pune, India. Methods. This was a cross-sectional school-population-based study in which parents of school children aged 6-7 and 13-14 were administered an ISAAC questionnaire and an additional set of questions that detected the presence of potential risk factors known to be associated with asthma during 2008-2009 academic years. Results. Prevalence of current asthma was 6.7% (7% amongst 6-7-year olds and 6.3% amongst 13-14 year olds. Asthma was more common amongst boys (8.1%) than girls (4.9%) and more frequent in students studying in private schools (7.3%) than in those studying in public schools (5.8%). Risk factors such as family history of atopy, caesarian delivery, use of biomass fuel for cooking, absence of separate kitchen, absence of exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life, preterm birth, snoring, dampness at home, male sex, and parental smoking were significantly associated with asthma. Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of childhood asthma in Pune, India, which was associated with genetic and environmental risk factors.

The association of acne and menstrual symptoms among young women (18–25 years) in Egypt: a population-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Arafa ◽  
Alshimaa Mostafa ◽  
Yasser Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Menstrual Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Of Menarche

AbstractBackgroundAcne and menstrual symptoms are highly prevalent among young women. Since both acne and menstrual symptoms have similar hormonal pathogenesis, it is highly suggested that the two conditions are associated. Herein, we conducted this study to assess the relationship between acne and menstrual symptoms among young women.Subjects and methodsIn this population-based cross-sectional study, a multi-stage random sampling approach was used to include 3065 young women (18–25 years) from Egypt. Women were interviewed for their socio-demographic characteristics, gynecological history, premenstrual and menstrual symptoms, and history of acne and perimenstrual acne flare during the past 6 months.ResultsThe mean age of women was 21.5 ± 2.2 and their age of menarche was 13.1 ± 1.5 years. During the previous 6 months, 44.8% of participants had acne. After adjusting for socio-demographic and gynecological characteristics, acne was associated with most menstrual symptoms with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as follows: [premenstrual symptoms: 1.23 (1.05–1.44) for irritation or nervousness, 1.45 (1.24–1.68) for fatigue, 1.37 (1.15–1.62) for breast tenderness, 1.48 (1.21–1.80) for abdominal bloating, and 1.36 (1.11–1.66) for nausea or vomiting], [menstrual symptoms: 1.63 (1.19–2.23) for dysmenorrhea and 1.24 (1.06–1.45) for dysmenorrhea requiring drugs], and [symptoms severity: 1.44 (1.24–1.68) for missing events and 1.38 (1.16–1.64) for medical consultation]. Of acne patients, 56.7% reported perimenstrual acne flare: 58.5% before menses, 35% during menses, and 6.5% after menses.ConclusionThis study supports the concept that acne is associated with menstrual symptoms. Physicians should consider screening for menstrual symptoms among young women with acne.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus in A State in South East Nigeria: Results of a Population Based House to House Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Ignatius U. Ezeani ◽  
Innocent I. Chukwuonye ◽  
Ugochukwu U. Onyeonoro ◽  
Abali Chuku ◽  
Okechukwu S. Ogah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Population based studies on diabetes mellitus (DM) are scarce in Nigeria. Introduction: This was a population-based house to house survey aimed at determining the prevalence of DM and assessing the risk factors associated with DM in a state in Southeast Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study in which 1680 adults were recruited using a multistage sampling method to randomly select not more than two suitable participants of both sex in each household from four enumeration areas (EAs) in each local government area (LGA) and the three senatorial zones in the state. A modified World Health Organization (WHO) Stepwise Approach to Surveillance questionnaire was used for data collection and random blood glucose (RBG) was measured after anthropometric assessment. Test statistics used were chi-square, t-test, and logistic regression. Results: The overall prevalence of DM in this study was 3.3%. A positive family history of DM was significantly higher in patients with diabetes: 18.2% vs. 9.6% (p=0.036). The mean (SD) of weight, body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC) and waist circumference (WC) were significantly higher in patients with DM(p=0.001,<0.001,<0.001,<0.001, respectively).The odd ratio (95% CI) of a person>35years developing DM was 3.89(1.11-13.60). The OR (95% CI) for waist-hip ratio (WHR) was 3.04 (1.02-9.03) and family history of DM had an OR of 2.62(0.88-6.50). The odd of developing DM is positively associated with age>35years, increased WHR, WC, family history of DM, BMI>25Kg/m2, and HC. The odd of developing DM was negatively associated with smoking. Conclusion: The prevalence of DM in this study was 3.3%. A BMI>25 kg/m2, WHR >0.85, family history of DM, HC, and older age were associated with significantly higher prevalence.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic, hygienic, and sanitation factors in reducing diarrhea in the Amazon

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katiuscia Shirota Imada ◽  
Thiago Santos de Araújo ◽  
Pascoal Torres Muniz ◽  
Valter Lúcio de Pádua
Keyword(s):  
Family Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Network ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Family Health Program ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the contributions of the socioeconomic, hygienic, and sanitation improvements in reducing the prevalence of diarrhea in a city of the Amazon. METHODS In this population-based cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from surveys conducted in the city of Jordão, Acre. In 2005 and 2012, these surveys evaluated, respectively, 466 and 826 children under five years old. Questionnaires were applied on the socioeconomic conditions, construction of houses, food and hygienic habits, and environmental sanitation. We applied Pearson’s Chi-squared test and Poisson regression to verify the relationship between origin of water, construction of homes, age of introduction of cow’s milk in the diet, place of birth and the prevalence of diarrhea. RESULTS The prevalence of diarrhea was reduced from 45.1% to 35.4%. We identified higher probability of diarrhea in children who did not use water from the public network, in those receiving cow’s milk in the first month after birth, and in those living in houses made of paxiúba. Children born at home presented lower risk of diarrhea when compared to those who were born in hospital, with this difference reversing for the 2012 survey. CONCLUSIONS Sanitation conditions improved with the increase of bathrooms with toilets, implementation of the Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF – Family Health Program), and water treatment in the city. The multivariate regression model identified a statistically significant association between use of water from the public network, construction of houses, late introduction of cow’s milk, and access to health service with occurrence of diarrhea.

scholarly journals Prevalência de Hipertensão Arterial e seus Fatores de Risco Associados em Adolescentes nas Unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família em um Município de Minas Gerais / Hypertension Prevalence and its Associated Risk Factors in Adolescents in Health Strategy Units of Family in a City in Minas Gerais

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Diego de Souza Inacio ◽  
Ana Cristina César Sawaya Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Family Health Strategy ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Low Prevalence

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de adolescentes e seus fatores de risco, associados em uma população de hipertensos, atendidos em Unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), no município de Itajubá/MG. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo,  transversal, do tipo pesquisa de campo e de perfil populacional, na qual foram analisados 225 prontuários de pacientes e fichas do programa do Ministério da Saúde HIPERDIA, nas ESF, diagnosticados com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), de janeiro de 2012 até dezembro de 2014. Resultados: Foram encontrados 13 prontuários (5,7%) de adolescentes diagnosticados com HAS entre 12 e 20 anos. Oito (61,5%) do sexo masculino e cinco (38,5%) do sexo feminino. Seis (46%) eram obesos, nove (69,2%) possuíam dietas hipercalóricas, sete (53,8%) adicionavam sal nos alimentos, cinco (38,4%) apresentavam história de familiar de HAS, sete (53,8%) eram sedentários e três (23%) portadores de outras doenças associadas. Conclusão: A HAS em adolescentes nas Unidades de ESF de Itajubá/MG teve baixa prevalência. Dentre os fatores de risco, sedentarismo, dieta hipercalórica e adição de sal se apresentaram como os mais prevalentes.Palavras-chave: Prevalência, Hipertensão, AdolescenteABSTRACTObjective: To assess the prevalence of adolescents and its risk factors in a hypertensive population registered in Family Health Strategy (FHS) Units in the city of Itajubá/MG. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, field and populational-type study, which examined 225 patient charts and records of the Health Ministry program HIPERDIA, registered in FHS Units with the diagnosis of hypertension, from January 2012 to December 2014. Results: Thirteen adolescents aged 12 to 20 years with hypertension were found (5.7%). Eight (61.5%) were male and five (38.4%) female. Six were obese (46%), nine (69.2%) with hypercaloric diets, seven (53.8%) added salt in their food, five (38.4%) had a family history of hypertension, seven (53.8%) were sedentaries and three (23%) had associated illnesses. Conclusion: Hypertension in adolescents in ESF Units of Itajubá/MG showed low prevalence. Among the risk factors analyzed, sedentary lifestyle, high calorie diet and alimentary salt addition were most prevalent.Keywords: Prevalence, Hypertension, Adolescent

scholarly journals Frequency and Types of Red Cell Alloantibodies in Pregnant Females

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Asma Munir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Peripartum Hemorrhage ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Maternal isoimmunization, also called alloimmunization, occurs when immune system of a pregnant female is sensitized to foreign RBC surface antigen producing immune process. This maternal blood when goes to fetal circulation, causes immune reaction and disease in case of maternal and fetal blood group differences. Aims & Objectives: To find out the frequency and types of red cell alloantibodies among females presenting to antenatal care and recognize risk factors for alloimmunization. Place and duration of study: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Antenatal Clinic of Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2013 to 31st August 2013. Material & Methods: Pregnant females with at least one previous pregnancy were typed for ABO and Rh antigens. They were screened and typed for red cell alloantibodies. Detailed history was taken to explore for the risk factors. SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis, frequencies of different alloantibodies, blood groups and risk factors reported as percentages, age and gravidity in mean±s.d. Results: Out of 200 enrolled cases, 6(3%) had alloantibodies. Of the positive cases, anti-D was found in 3(50%), anti-C in 2(33.33%) and anti-Kell in 1(16.67%). Commonest risk factors were history of peripartum hemorrhage and gynecological procedures. In Rh-negative cases, disparity of spouse Rh group was also main factor. Conclusion: The most common culprit antibody for alloimmunization was anti-D followed by anti-Kell and anti-C. Commonest risk factor for alloimmunization was pregnancy related bleeding and gynecological procedures. Large population-based studies are required to assess true magnitude of the problem.

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer in women aged 30 years and above in Mumbai

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Padmavathi V. Dyavarishetty ◽  
Shobha S. Kowli
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
History Of

Background: Even though there is an increasing trend of breast cancer, women still do not perceive themselves at risk. Poor awareness about the disease and its risk factors and the absence of population based screening contribute to delayed diagnosis. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of various risk factors for breast cancer in women aged 30 years and above. Methods: The cross-sectional study using convenience sampling of all women aged 30 years and above was conducted in Mumbai. Of the 2430 women enumerated in the study area, 1158 women participated in the study. Risk factors for breast cancer assessed included age at menarche; age at first child birth; breastfeeding; use of oral contraceptive pills, age of menopause, first degree relatives with history of breast cancer, history of current and past breast cancer; history of any previous breast related abnormalities. Results: 15.5% of the women had atleast one risk factor for breast cancer. The prevalence of individual risk factors was below 6%. Conclusions: Prevalence of the risk factors for breast cancer is not very high, but never the less, the increasing trend of breast cancer in the country makes it imperative to introduce population based screening for all women with or without risk factor. 

scholarly journals The use of continuous household surveys to generate timely data for annual programme outcome monitoring: Experience from the Integrated Family Health Program in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Girma Kassie ◽  
Mengistu A. Kibret ◽  
Bekele B. Tefera ◽  
Kidest L. Hagos ◽  
Habtamu Zerihun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Health Program ◽  
Outcome Monitoring

Background: Lack of timely household (HH) level data to inform evidence-based decision-making for improved, timely and targeted health interventions is challenging. Integrated Family Health Program (IFHP) developed and implemented a system for collecting data on an on-going basis at household levels.Objective: To discuss the implementation of the continuous household surveys of the IFHP.Methods: Continuous surveys were used for generating timely data for monitoring outcome indicators. Integrated Family Health Program conducted continuous cross-sectional household surveys in its four major target regions over the past 6 years. This approach facilitated the aggregation of data annually, thus enabling progress to be tracked over time and timely decision-making. A total of 2560 households were interviewed each year and trend report synthesised for use.Result: Key performance indicators in the areas of family planning, and maternal and child health were considered for the study. Time series analysis data revealed overall progress in each outcome indicator. The report was shared among key programme staff to provide data for informed programmatic decision-making.Conclusion: The surveys as part of other programme activities proved to be a feasible and efficient way to generate timely data for programme outcome monitoring. Documenting the design and implementing data collection and feedback mechanism for prospective description and outcome monitoring potentially represents a new paradigm for course correction.Recommendation: Programme implementers should plan integrated continuous programme outcome monitoring mechanism as part of programme design rather than waiting for mid-term or end-term project evaluation.

Paroxysmal finger haematoma - a benign acrosyndrome occurring in middle-aged women

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick H. Carpentier ◽  
Hildegard R. Maricq ◽  
Christine Biro ◽  
Myriam Jiguet ◽  
Christophe Seinturier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Evaluation ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Paroxysmal finger haematoma (PFH) is an under-recognised vascular acrosyndrome with no epidemiological description to date. The aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and clinical correlates of PFH in a population-based sample of subjects and to describe their semiological characteristics. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study of random samples of the general population in three geographic areas of France involved 802 subjects, 548 women and 254 men, aged 18 to 84 years. The diagnosis of PFH was made from a report by the subject of a history of recurrent haematoma in the fingers with a sudden, painful and unexpected occurrence. Diagnosis of associated conditions and evaluation of lifestyle variables were obtained through standardised medical interview and examination. Results: A history of PFH was detected in 71 subjects, with a prevalence of 1.2 % in men and 12.4 % in women; there was no significant regional variation. Onset before 40 years of age was rare. Besides female sex and age, no socio-economical nor lifestyle risk factors were detected. PFH was associated with Raynaud phenomenon and a history of chilblains, but no link with any health threatening disease was found. In addition to the sudden onset of pain and hematoma, the main clinical features were a frequent digital swelling during the painful attack, and their predominant location on the volar side of the first and second phalanges of the third or second fingers of the dominant hand. Conclusions: PFH is a benign phenomenon, frequently found in middle-aged women, to be classified among the vascular acrosyndromes. Patients seeking medical evaluation for this disorder should be reassured.

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