scholarly journals Morpho-physiological changes in pineapple plantlets [Ananas comosus (L.) merr.] during acclimatization

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Villalobo ◽  
Justo González ◽  
Ramón Santos ◽  
Romelio Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plant Length

Pineapple producing countries lack good quality propagation material to expand cultivars into new areas. Previously, research protocols may increase the offer of high quality plantlets and speed the introduction of new pineapple cultivars. The present work is to evaluate the morpho-physiological changes in plantlets of pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. 'MD-2'] during the acclimatization phase. Plantlets were acclimatized under 80% relative humidity, 25.5 °C temperature and photosynthetic photon flux of 400-500 µmol m-2 s-1 as average for 45 d under natural photoperiods. All measurements (plant length, number of leaves and roots, fresh weight, width and length of leaf 'D', net photosynthesis and total transpiration rate) were carried out at the end of in vitro rooting phase coincident with 0 d of acclimatization and at 15, 30 and 45 d thereafter. Photosynthetic activity of in vitro plantlets did not increase during the first 30 d of the acclimatization phase. After 30 d, photosynthetic activity ranged from 5.72 to 9.36 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 while total transpiration ranged from 6.0 to 1.42 mmol H2O m-2 s-1. During the first 30 days there were no significant differences in number of leaves, length or width of the longest ('D') leaf (cm) or plant length (cm). However, after 45 days plant fresh weight (g), length and width of the 'D' leaf (cm) and root number all increased significantly, while transpiration (mmol H2O m-2 s-1) declined. There were small but significant decreases in chlorophyll a and b (µg g-1 mf.). Increased photosynthetic activity after 30 d shows that the increase in light intensity and the reduction of relative humidity during acclimatization did not constitute inhibitory factors.

scholarly journals Optimizing Carbon Dioxide and Light Levels during in Vitro Culture of Theobroma cacao

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Figueira ◽  
Jules Janick
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro culture of axillary cotyledonary shoots of Theobroma cacao L. (cacao) under increasing CO2 concentration from ambient to 24,000 ppm (culture tube levels) significantly increased total shoot elongation, number of leaves, leaf area per explant, and shoot dry and fresh weight. Although light was necessary for the CO2 response, the effect of various photon fluxes was not significant for the measured growth parameters. Net photosynthesis estimated on the basis of CO2 depletion in culture tubes increased 3.5 times from 463 to 2639 ppm CO2, and increased 1.5 times from 2639 to 14,849 ppm CO2, but declined from 14,849 to 24,015 ppm CO2. Ethylene concentration in culture vessels increased under enriched CO2 conditions. Depletion of nutrients (fructose, K, Ca, Mg, and P) from the medium was increased under enriched CO2 conditions.

scholarly journals Biofertlizer Lumbrical improves the growth and ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Nataliya Dimitrova ◽  
Lilyana Nacheva ◽  
Małgorzata Berova ◽  
Danuta Kulpa
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro micropropagation of plants is highly useful for obtaining large quantities of planting material with valuable economic qualities. However, plantlets grow in vitro in a specific environment and the adaptation after the transfer to ex vitro conditions is difficult. Therefore, the acclimatization is a key step, which mostly determines the success of micropropagation. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of the biofertlizer Lumbrical on ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communis L.). Micropropagated and rooted plantlets were potted in peat and perlite (2:1) mixture with or without Lumbrical. They were grown in a growth chamber at a temperature of 22±2 °C and photoperiod of 16/8 hours supplied by cool-white fluorescent lamps (150 µmol m-2 s-1 Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density, PPFD). The plants were covered with transparent foil to maintain the high humidity, and ten days later, the humidity was gradually decreased. Biometric parameters, anatomic-morphological analyses, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) were measured 21 days after transplanting the plants to ex vitro conditions. The obtained results showed that the plants, acclimatized ex vitro in the substrate with Lumbrical, presented better growth (stem length, number of leaves, leaf area and fresh mass) and photosynthetic characteristics as compared to the control plants. This biostimulator could also be used to improve acclimatization in other woody species

scholarly journals In vitro growth and development of Dendrobium hybrid orchid

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Khatun ◽  
MM Khatun ◽  
MS Biswas ◽  
MR Kabir ◽  
M Al-Amin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Single Shoot ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

The experiment was conducted to investigate the combined effect of different plant growth regulators and charcoal supplementation in MS medium on growth and development of plantlets regenerated from protocorm like bodies (PLBs) of hybrid orchid. The combination of BAP + NAA, BAP + IAA, BAP + IBA, and IAA + IBA at different concentrations with charcoal supplementation was studied. The result revealed that the use of different growth regulators had significant effect on different parameters studied. The maximum weight of PLBs (5.123 g) was obtained from the combination of BAP + IBA at 1.0 mg/l each. The highest shoot height (3.239 cm) and maximum number of rooted plantlets (4.473) was obtained from 1.0 mg/l each of BAP + NAA combination. The maximum number of leaves (3.490) and the maximum length of leaves (1.946 cm) were obtained from 1.0 mg/l each of BAP + IBA and the highest leaf width (1.166 cm) was obtained from 0.5 mg/l BAP +1.0 mg/l IBA combination. The highest root length was obtained from 0.5 mg/l each of BAP + IAA and the maximum number of regenerated plantlets (20) was obtained from 0.5 mg/l IAA + 1.0 mg/l IBA combination. However, the maximum fresh weight of single shoot (0.219 g) and the maximum number of roots per plantlet (6.300) was obtained from 1.0 mg/I each of IAA + IBA combination. Keywords: Dedrobium; orchid; hybrid; In vitro growth. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i3.6457Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(3) : 507-514

scholarly journals Polpa de banana e sacarose no desenvolvimento in vitro de orquídeas

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Eliane Lima de = Aquino ◽  
◽  
Tarcísio Rangel do Couto ◽  
João Sebastião de Paula Araújo ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Weight Number

The objetive of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding two types of banana pulp, combined with varying concentrations of sacarose on the growth of Cattleya sp. plantlets. Hybrid LCTV-01 seedlings (Cattleya labiata rubra x Cattleya labiata semi alba) made to germinate in vitro were inoculated in an MS culture medium with half the concentration of nutrients and supplemented with 60 g.L-1 'maçã' or 'terra' banana pulp in addition to different concentrations of sacarose (10, 20 and 30 g.L-1. The entirely randomized experimental design was chosen, implemented in seven treatments, ten repetitions and eight seedlings per repetition. After 160 days of in vitro cultivation, variables of fresh weight, number of leaves, number of roots and length of the longest root were evaluated. It was found that the addition of banana pulp of any of the analyzed cultivars promoted better seedling growth. Additionally, the 20 g.L-1 sacarose concentration yielded better results for the analyzed variables.

scholarly journals Acclimatization and growth of ornamental pineapple seedlings under organic substrates

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
Vanessa Favetta ◽  
Maria Aparecida da Cruz ◽  
Deived Uilian de Carvalho ◽  
Sergio Ruffo Roberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Ideal

The in vitro propagation techniques are commonly used to produce ornamental pineapple seedlings in commercial scale, aiming to attend the growers with genetic and sanitary quality seedlings. However, the choice of the ideal substrate is essential for the acclimatization and growth stage of the seedlings propagated by this technique, since some substrates can increase the seedling mortality and/or limit the seedling growth due to its physical and chemical characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the acclimatization of ornamental pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. var. ananassoides (Baker) Coppens & Leal] on different substrates. Seedlings with approximately seven centimeters, obtained from in vitro culture, were transplanted into styrofoam trays filled with the following substrates: sphagnum; semi-composed pine bark; carbonized rice husk; sphagnum + semicomposed pine bark; sphagnum + carbonized rice husk; and semi-composed pine bark + carbonized rice husk. Each treatment was replicated five times using 10 plants. At 180 days, there were evaluated the following variables: survival percentage, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, largest root length, and shoot and root dry matter. The substrate semi-composed pine bark + carbonized rice husk presented the lowest mean (62%) for survival percentage. The semi-composed pine bark and semi-composed pine bark + carbonized rice husk treatments presented significant increments in some evaluated biometric characteristics. The semi-composed pine bark is the most favorable substrate for the A. comosus var. ananassoids acclimatization.

scholarly journals 606 In Vitro Propagation of Some Strawberry Cultivars in Response to Kind and Concentration of Some Cytokinin Compounds

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 501D-501
Author(s):  
M.H. Aboul-Nasr ◽  
S.Z. Elagamy ◽  
A.M. Kassim
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

Three strawberry cultivars were used in this study. Runners from the three cultivars were grown on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with benzylaminpurine or kinetin at four concentrations (2, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg·L-1 in addition to the control treatment). The use of cytokinin, regardless of type and concentration, promoted the explant proliferation, shoot height, number of leaves, and plantlet fresh weight. Callus formation was enhanced by BA application, especially with `Pajaro'. However, `Chandler' did not form at all using cytokinin. Produced plantlets had lower nutrient constituents (N, P, K, Ca, and Na) when grown on media containing cytokinin compared to the control. Based on these results, cytokinin is recommended to get more shoots per explant. Furthermore, using the lowest concentration (0.25 mg·L-1) will produce height proliferation, greater shoot length, and more leaves.

scholarly journals Effects of nano silver on the growth of banana (Musa spp.) cultured in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Giap Do ◽  
Thi Kim Thuy Dang ◽  
Thi Huyen Trang Nguyen ◽  
Thi Duoc Nguyen ◽  
Trong Tuan Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The One

Nano silver has positive effects on the growth and development of in vitro plants. In this study, shoots of in vitro banana with 1 cm in length were cut off the tip which was cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g.L-1 sucrose, 15% coconut water (v/v), 5 mg. L-1 6-Benzyladenine (BA), 8 g.L-1 agar and nano silver (1, 3, 5, 7 ppm). After twenty days cultured, shoots in the medium supplemented with 1 ppm nano silver have grown well with 8.4 times multiplication and total chlorophyll content (2.05 mg.g-1), three-fold higher than in the control experiment. All new shoot samples were cultivated in a new medium with same component and supplemented with 1 mg. L-1 active charcoal to study root formation. The results showed that the best medium for root development was the one with 3 ppm nano silver. In this treatment, the height of shoots, number of leaves, number of roots, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and total chlorophyll content were 2.90 cm, 4.40 leaves per explant, 7.10 roots per explant, 7.7 cm per explant, 1.47 g per explant, 0.136 g and 3.17 mg.g-1, respectively. In vitro healthy seedlings with equal size were grown in nurseries. Different concentrations of nano silver (5, 10, 15 ppm) were sprayed on once a week. After 30 days, the highest quality result was observed at concentration 5 ppm with shoot of 4.86 cm in length, 5.20 leaves per shoot, 4.60 roots per explant, root of 4.87 cm in length and 3.07 g per explant in fresh weight. Nano bạc có tác động tích cực lên quá trình sinh trưởng và phát triển của một số loài thực vật nuôi cấy in vitro. Trong nghiên cứu này, chồi non in vitro có chiều cao 1 cm đã cắt bỏ đỉnh được nuôi cấy trên môi trường MS có bổ sung 30 g/L đường, 15% nước dừa (v/v), 5 mg/L BA, 8 g/L agar và nano bạc ở nồng độ 1, 3, 5, 7 ppm. Sau 20 ngày nuôi cấy, mẫu cấy phát triển tốt trên môi trường bổ sung nano bạc nồng độ 1 ppm với hệ số nhân chồi 8,4 lần, hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng số đạt 2,05 mg/g, cao gấp ba lần so với mẫu đối chứng. Mẫu cấy được chuyền sang môi trường mới có thành phần tương tự và bổ sung thêm 1 mg/L than hoạt tính để khảo sát sự tạo rễ. Kết quả cho thấy mẫu cấy trên môi trường có nồng độ nano bạc 3 ppm phát triển tốt nhất với chiều cao cây 2,90 cm/mẫu; số lá 4,40/ mẫu; số rễ 7,10/ mẫu; chiều dài rễ 7,7 cm/mẫu; khối lượng tươi 1,47 g/mẫu, khối lượng khô 0,136 g/mẫu và hàm lượng chlorophyll tổng đạt 3,17 mg/g. Những cây con in vitro phát triển tốt được trồng ngoài vườn ươm. Các dung dịch nano bạc có nồng độ 5, 10, 15 ppm được dùng để phun lên cây 1 lần/ tuần. Sau 30 ngày, kết quả cao nhất ghi nhận ở dung dịch có nồng độ 5 ppm với chiều cao chồi đạt 4,86 cm, 5,20 lá/chồi, 4,60 rễ/mẫu, chiều dài rễ đạt 4,87 cm và khối lượng tươi đạt 3,07 g/mẫu.

scholarly journals Growth and Flowering Responses of Cyclamen persicum to Temperature and Photosynthetic Photon Flux

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 834B-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wook Oh* ◽  
In Hye Cheon ◽  
Ki Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature

This research was conducted to investigate the growth and flowering responses of Cyclamen persicum Mill. `Piccolo' to temperature and photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPF), and to obtain fundamental data for production of good quality pot plant. Cyclamen plants with 10 fully unfolded leaves were grown in growth chambers maintained at three day/night temperatures [20/10 (LT), 25/15 (MT), and 30/20 °C (HT)] combined with three PPF [250 (LF), 350 (MF), and 650 (HF) μmol·m-2·s-1] under 14 h-photoperiod. After 3 months, the higher the temperature was, the greater plant width was. It was the greatest under MT/MF and HT/MF. The number of leaves was greater with increasing temperature and PPF. Petiole length, leaf size, and fresh weight were higher with increase in temperature but decrease in PPF. Days to flowering were lower in MT/MF and MT/HF, but higher under LT regardless of PPF. The number of flowers was the highest under MT/MF and MT/HF, and higher under MF in each temperature treatment. Flowering period was longer in LT and MT compared with HT. Most leaves of plants grown under HT curled upward because of boron deficiency induced by higher temperature and lower humidity. Chlorophyll content was higher in medium and low temperature, except LT/HF. The lower side of leaf in low temperature was more reddish compared to that in higher temperature due to some pigments considered as anthocyanin. Photosynthesis was the highest in MT/MF, but low in MT/HF and LT/HF in accordance with the chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) which was lower under the same environment. These results indicate that 25/15°C and 350 μmol·m-2·s-1 yielded the best pot cyclamen in this study.

scholarly journals Easy and efficient chemical sterilization of the culture medium for in vitro growth of gerbera using chlorine dioxide (ClO2)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Carlos Cardoso ◽  
Ana Carolina Petit Inthurn
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Chemical Sterilization ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Micropropagation techniques changed the production of clonal plantlets in the world. However, the high costs of micropropagated plantlets continue as the main constraint for the expansion of the technique. This paper aimed to test the use of the chemical sterilization of culture medium using chlorine dioxide (ClO2) for in vitro cultivation of gerbera. There was used gerbera in vitro shoots in the stage of rooting for these experiments, using 0.0035%, 0.0070% and 0.0105% of chlorine dioxide in the culture medium. Also, peracetic acid was tested previously for sterilization, but resulted in microbial contamination. Chemical sterilization of the culture medium was successfully using ClO2 at 0.0035% to 0.0105% (100% decontamination) at rooting and elongation stage of gerbera with production of plantlets with similar (number of leaves, total and root fresh weight) or higher quality (mainly aerial part) at rooting/elongation stage, compared with autoclaved culture medium. The increase of concentration of ClO2 also resulted in increasing of height and fresh weight of aerial part of gerberas. The ClO2 could replace the autoclaving with production of sterilized culture medium without phytotoxic problems to gerbera in vitro cultivation.

MINIATURE GROWTH CHAMBERS FOR THE STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN VITRO

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 825-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRÉDÉRICK LAFORGE ◽  
YVES DESJARDINS ◽  
MICHAEL E. D. GRAHAM ◽  
ANDRÉ GOSSELIN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Heating Cable ◽  
Growth Chambers

Miniature (65-L) growth chambers, designed and tested to study environmental conditions affecting in vitro culture, provide an accurate and inexpensive method to perform multifactorial experiments under these conditions. Temperature control was achieved by an electronic device combined with a heating cable and a heat exchanger (water to air). Two-dimensional temperature variations in the chamber were within 1 °C of the set point temperature. Nine chambers were placed under photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 80, 125 and 250 μmol m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentrations of 330, 1650 and 3000 μL L−1. Gas concentrations in both the chambers and the test tubes with in vitro cultures were monitored and fresh weight accumulation of raspberry (Rubus idaeus), strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) cultures were recorded during a growth experiment. Carbon dioxide accumulation in the culture tubes during the night and subsequent depletion during the day indicated CO2 fixation enhancement with CO2 enrichment, which was more pronounced after 4 wk of growth. Fresh weight accumulated significantly under high CO2 enrichment. Temperatures during the day were slightly higher in the test tubes (1 ± 0.3 °C) than in the chamber.Key words: Light intensity, temperature, carbon dioxide, tissue culture

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document