scholarly journals Influence of different levels of aluminum on the development of citrus rootstock swingle citrumelo (Citrus paradisi mcf. x Poncirus trifoliata raf.) in nutrient solution

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique dos Santos ◽  
Hélio Grassi Filho ◽  
João Domingos Rodrigues ◽  
Sheila Zambello de Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

This work aimed at evaluating the influence of different levels of aluminum on the physiological parameters of the citrus rootstock Swingle Citrumelo in hydroponic solution. The experiment was carried out with a completely randomized design with three replications, subdivided in several lots. The levels of aluminum used were: 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30 mg L-1 in form of AlCl3.6H2O in nutrient solution. Following physiological parameters were evaluated: specific and relative foliar area, relative foliar mass, and the ratio of aerial part dry matter/root system dry matter. The results showed that aluminum did not influence the parameters evaluated except the specific foliar area, which decreased starting at the 7.5 mg L-1 level.

scholarly journals Nutrient and inorganic solute (Na+ and Cl-) content in green onion plants under hydroponic cultivation using brackish water

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Donato da Silva Souza ◽  
Geronimo Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Sirleide Maria de Menezes ◽  
José Edson Florentino de Morais ◽  
José Amilton Santos Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Brackish Waters ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Cultivation using brackish waters can result in nutritional and metabolic imbalances in several plant species, consequently reducing the production of dry matter (DM) and accumulation of toxic ions (Na+ and/or Cl-) in plants. We evaluated the DM production, and nutrient and inorganic solute (Na+ and Cl-) content in green onion plants (cv. Todo Ano Evergreen - Nebuka) under different levels of nutrient solution salinity in combination with circulation frequencies of this solution. Two experiments were conducted in a hydroponic system, using a completely randomized design, in a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, with five replicates: six levels of nutrient solution salinity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 dS m-1) and two solution circulation frequencies (twice and thrice a day). In Experiment I, the evapotranspired depth was replaced using brackish water that was used to prepare each of the salinity levels (used exclusively), whereas in Experiment II, brackish water was used only to prepare each of the salinity levels and public water was used (electrical conductivity [ECw] = 0.12 dS m-1) for replacement in all treatments. The increase in the nutrient solution salinity reduced the production of DM and accumulation of nutrients; the reductions were more pronounced when brackish waters were used exclusively (Experiment I). However, the circulation of solutions thrice a day resulted in the harmful effects of the salinity effect. Replacing the evapotranspirated blade with water supply (Experiment II) mitigated the deleterious effects of salinity. Moreover, three circulations of the nutrient solution daily resulted in lower accumulation of inorganic Na+ and Cl- solutes and increased accumulation of nutrients N, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and S in the culture.

scholarly journals Economic analysis of the finishing of lambs under confinement conditions using licuri cake ( Syagrus coronata Mart. Becc.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonival Barreto COSTA ◽  
Ronaldo Lopes OLIVEIRA ◽  
Thadeu Mariniello SILVA ◽  
Ossival Lolato RIBEIRO ◽  
Rebeca Dantas Xavier RIBEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Operation Cost ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Ground Corn ◽  
Corn Grain

SUMMARY The present study endeavors to determine the impact of the inclusion of licuri tart in the diet of finishing lambs, Santa Inês mestizos, by evaluating the economic parameters. For this purpose, a total of 44 lambs, including both uncastrated as well as vaccinated and wormed lambs, with an average age of six months and a mean body weight of 21.2 kg ± 2.7 kg, were employed. Initially, the lambs were fed on the diet which consisted of 40% Tifton-85 hay and 60% of a concentrated mixture, mainly composed of ground corn grain, soybean meal, mineral premix, being further followed by the inclusion of the licuri cake at four different levels (a) 0.0, (b) 8.0,(c) 16.0, and (d) 24% with respect to the dry matter. Principally, the soybean meal and milled corn were replaced by the licuri cake with these levels, thereby constituting four treatments and 11 replicates (11 lambs per treatment) in a completely randomized design. Further, for subjecting the lambs to the above mentioned four different levels of treatment, the lambs were confined for 70 days. The analysis of various economic parameters revealed that upon including the licuri cake up to the level of 24%, the operation cost decreases, which in turn results in higher profitability. However, its cost at the time of use will eventually determine its use for feeding lambs, because of the possible price variations of the ingredients used to formulate the diets along with the model of production of the rural property.

scholarly journals Ingestive Behavior and Nutritional and Physiological Parameters of Sheep Fed Diets Based on Cashew Byproduct

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clésio dos Santos Costa ◽  
Tallita da Ponte Ribeiro ◽  
Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco Pompeu ◽  
Fernando Lisboa Guedes ◽  
Marco Aurélio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

Objective of this study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior, feed efficiency, and nutritional and physiological parameters of sheep that were fed diets based on byproducts from the processing of cashew. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement with four levels of inclusion (6 %, 11 %, 16 %, and 21 % of cashew byproduct) and two forms of processing—with chemical treatment (CT) and without chemical treatment (NCT). The interaction levels of inclusion of the byproduct of cashew versus chemical treatments was not (P>0.05) for the dry matter intake, consumption of organic matter. No effect was observed (P>0.05) for the intake of dry matter in function of the type of chemical treatment used in the byproduct of cashew. There was no effect of interaction (P<0.05) between levels of inclusion and chemical treatment applied or not on the byproduct of cashew for the coefficients of digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein (P>0.05). The inclusion of the byproduct of cashew did not influence the behavioral parameters, intake and digestibility of the diets of sheep, being recommended to use up to the level of 21%.

scholarly journals Biochemical and immune response in red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus) with dietary chitosan supplementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1016-1034
Author(s):  
Yuniel Méndez-Martínez ◽  
Ginger Pacheco-Morales ◽  
Karla Del Barco-Ibarra ◽  
Yenny Torres-Navarrete ◽  
Martha Hernández-Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Fish Diets ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels

The use of biostimulants in fish diets is a promising strategy to reduce the use of antibiotics, enhance the biochemical and immune response, which contributes to improving productive yields and reducing economic losses. The biochemical and immune response was evaluated in juvenile red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus), with different levels: 0 (control), 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% chitosan in diet. 270 animals (7.53 ± 0.50 g of initial weight), distributed in a completely randomized design of 6 treatments with 3 replicates and 45 tilapia.treatment-1, were sown in 18 tanks with 90 L of water in a closed system. The juveniles were fed for 55 days with the experimental diets and at the end of the bioassay the tissue and blood plasma samples were taken. Differences were found (p<0.05) in the variables evaluated responses, where the content of lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, carbohydrates and glucose showed higher levels (p<0.05) at lower chitosan concentrations. However, for protein content, a better response (p<0.05) was found at higher levels of chitosan in the diet. Regarding dry matter and ash, no differences were found (p˃0.05). While superoxide dismutase and leukocytes were found in higher concentration (p<0.05) when supplemented with chitosan by 3 and 4%. It was concluded that the juvenile biochemical and immune response of red tilapia was favored with dietary chitosan supplementation.

scholarly journals Growth and macronutrient absorption in ‘Sabará’ jabuticaba genotypes cultivated in nutrient solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Cristina Pereira Ramos ◽  
José Carlos Moraes Rufini ◽  
Adriano Gonçalves De Campos ◽  
Matheus Pena Campos ◽  
Mayara Neves Santos Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The knowledge about growth and nutrient accumulation can help improve fertilizer efficiency in the production of jabuticaba seedlings, which is still carried out in an empirical way. This study aimed at determining the growth and macronutrient uptake in ‘Sabará’ jabuticaba genotypes grown in nutrient solution. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in split plots, with four replications. In the main plots three jabuticaba genotypes (J001, J005 and J012) were cultivated in nutrient solution and six evaluation periods (at 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 days) in the sub-plots were evaluated. Plant height, root length, stem diameter, leaf area index and dry matter (root, stem and leaves) in each period were evaluated. The accumulation of macronutrients in different plant organs was determined, as well as the accumulation of nutrients as a function of time adjusted to the linear model. The results showed that the cultivation in nutrient solution was efficient in the production of Sabará jabuticabeira seedlings. There was no difference in macronutrient growth and absorption among jabuticaba genotypes grown in nutrient solution. ‘Sabará’ jabuticaba plants accumulated (in mg plant-1) 559 of N, 45 of P, 443 of K, 363 of Ca, 59 of Mg and 82 of S. The distribution of macronutrient accumulations in jabuticaba showed the following order: leaves > stem > roots.

scholarly journals KUALITAS NUTRISI SILASE LIMBAH PISANG (BATANG DAN BONGGOL) DAN LEVEL MOLASES YANG BERBEDA SEBAGAI PAKAN ALTERNATIF TERNAK RUMINANSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Ibnu Sutowo ◽  
Triani Adelina ◽  
Dewi Febrina
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Ruminant Feed

Stem and stump of bananas have potential to be used as an alternative for ruminant feed. However, one of the problem is its rapidly decomposing which affect high of water content. The alternative way to solve this matter by using silage. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional quality of banana waste silage (stems and stump) with the addition of molasses with different levels. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design in factorial 3 × 3 with two replications. The first factor (A) was the composition of the substrate, A1: stump 100% + stem 0%, A2: stump 50% + stem 50%, and A3: stump 0% + stem 100%, while the second factor (B) was the levels of molasses (0; 2.5; and 5%). The parameters measured were dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, extract ether, ash and BETN. The results showed that the composition of the substrate has significant effect (P<0.05) increased content of dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, BETN, but did not significant (P>0.05) on extract ether and ash content. There was an interaction (P<0.05) between the substrate composition and the addition of molasses on the content of the ash. The best composition for increasing the nutrient content was stump 100% + stemps 0%. It is conclude that the compostion of stump and stemps may affect the nutrient quality of silage.

scholarly journals SUBSTRATE MIXING FORMULATIONS FOR CITRUS NURSERY MANAGEMENT

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-507
Author(s):  
Érica Maria Sauer Liberato ◽  
Sarita Leonel ◽  
Jackson Mirellys Azevedo Souza ◽  
Gabriel Maluf Napoleão
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

The length of citrus seedling development is determined by several factors, including the physical and chemical qualities of the substrate, which affect rootstock growth and, as a result, the quality of field seedlings. The purpose of this study was to see how the ‘Swingle’ citrumelo rootstock developed with different substrate formulations. The experiment was carried out in a seedling nursery from seeding to grafting, and six treatments were carried out, as follows: 60% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 10% rice hulls (1); 60% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 10% rice hulls (2); 50% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 20% rice hulls (3); 50% peat moss, 30% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 20% rice hulls (4); 50% peat moss, 20% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 30% rice hulls (5); 50% peat moss, 20% fine grade horticultural vermiculite, 30% rice hulls (6). In addition, the experiment was divided into two stages: seeding (stage 1) and seedling nursery (stage 2). In a completely randomized design, the experiment has six treatments, four replications, and 51 plants per plot. When container transplanting was performed, the emergence percentage of seedlings was determined; thus, eight plants per plot were examined. For the second stage, was used a completely randomized design with 6 substrate formulations, 4 replications, and 20 seedlings per plot. Stem height, stem diameter, leaf number, area meter, root dry matter, leaf and stem dry matter, and quality index were measured on seedlings every 28 days. All substrate formulations improved seedling development until grafting, except for the 30% rice hulls, which hampered seedling development in ‘Swingle' citrumelo.

scholarly journals NILAI NUTRISI AMPAS TEBU (Bagasse) YANG DIFERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN STARBIO® PADA LEVEL YANG BERBEDA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafles Rafles ◽  
Efendi Harahap ◽  
Dewi Febrina
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Fermentation Technology ◽  
Different Levels

The bagasse has potential as an alternative feed for ruminant. However,  though the high of the crude fibre and the very low in the nutritional value make them very limited in using for animal feed. To overcome the problem in order to increase nutritional value was the fermentation technology by the application of the starbio inoculums. The objective of the research was to observe the  nutrition  qualities of the bagasse with aplication of different levels of starbio. The experimental design was  a completely Randomized Design  with 4 treatments i.e. P0 (bagasse + 0% Starbio), P1 (bagasse+ 0.2% starbio), P2 (bagasse+ 0.4% Starbio), P3 (bagasse+ 0.6% Starbio) and each treatment has 5 replication, The parameters measured were pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) crude fiber (CF), ash and Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE). The results of the research indicated that pH of the  fermentation was very good (3.37-3.67), DM (66.59-68.73%), and CP 1.47-1,97%. However, there was no effect on EE, CF, ashes and NFE. The addition of 0.6% starbio was the best result to increase CP but did not affect on ash content.

scholarly journals Silage of rehydrated corn grain

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Mombach ◽  
D.H. Pereira ◽  
D.S. Pina ◽  
D.C Bolson ◽  
B.C. Pedreira
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Water Inclusion ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Ground Corn ◽  
Corn Grain

ABSTRACT The objective with this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of water inclusion on the chemical composition and fermentation profiles of reconstituted corn grain silage. The experiment was carried out in a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design, with three replicates per treatment. Five treatments were evaluated with different levels of water inclusion (% of the natural matter): dry corn grain (control); 90% dry corn grain (DCG) and 10% water; 80% DCG and 20% water; 70% DGC and 30% water; and 60% DCG and 40% water, totaling 45 experimental silos. Inclusion of water in the silage of reconstituted corn grain promoted a reduction in the CP (%) and NDF (%) contents. However, the water increase elevated the NPN/TN contents and the amount of effluent, gas and dry matter (%) losses. The treatment with inclusion of 30% water in the natural matter leads to a better fermentation profile and fewer losses of effluent and dry matter, so it is recommended for ensiling dry ground corn grain.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Digestability and Rumen Parameters Through In-vitro Concentrate Containing Binahong Flour as Secondary Compound

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-367
Author(s):  
A. A. Widu ◽  
F. U. Datta ◽  
M. M. Kleden
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Secondary Compound ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility ◽  
Different Levels

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of binahong flour used  in concentrate feed on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), VFA and NH3 concentrations in vitro. The design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments studied were: R0; concentrate feed without binahong flour, R1; concentrate feed contains 10% binahong flour, R2; concentrate feed containing 20% binahong flour, R3; concentrate feed contains 30% binahong flour. Based on the results of the study, the average DMD (%) R0 73.56±0.75, R1 74.50 ±0.61, R2 74.98±0.70, R3 76.65±0.90, OMD (%) R0 69.50±1.10, R1 69.82±1.00, R2 70.07±0.88, R3 72.61±0.99, VFA concentration (mM) R0 108.53±8.52, R1 110.75±6.51, R2 111.40±2.35, R3 112.77 ±14.76, NH3 concentration (mM) R0 9.74±0.74, R1 10.61±0.44, R2 11.55±0.41, R3 11.55±0.33. The results of statistical analysis confirmed that the treatment had a very significant effect on the increase in DMD, OMD, NH3 (P<0,01), but not significant on the total VFA concentration. The conclusion of this study is that the use of binahong flour up to a level of 30% in concentrate feed has an effect on increasing in DMD, OMD, VFA, and NH3 concentrations in vitro.

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