Effects of ligature-induced periodontitis in pregnant Wistar rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ligature-induced periodontal disease in pregnant rats on their newborn's health parameters. Twenty-four female adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the control group (G1) and the group that was submitted to dental ligatures around second upper molars (G2). After the four week period of development of periodontitis, the female animals were mated with male adult Wistar rats. There were no differences in the body weight of females between the two groups during mating and pregnancy. No differences were observed among the groups in relation to the viable newborn index. However, there were differences in newborn birth weight, explained by the diverse size of the litters. In this study, ligature-induced periodontal disease did not promote changes during pregnancy that resulted in low birth weight in newborn Wistar rats.

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Catch-up Growth in Intrauterine Growth-restricted Piglets Associated with the Return of Pancreatic and Intestinal Functions via Porcine Glucagon-like peptide-2 Microspheres

10.21203/rs.2.21967/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ke-ke Qi ◽

Jie Wu ◽

Wen-Jun Zhou ◽

Bo Deng ◽

Xiao-ming Men ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Glucose Transporter ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

The Body ◽

Peptide Transporter ◽

Control Group ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide

Abstract Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in abnormal morphology and gastrointestinal function. As a gastrointestinal growth factor, the manner by which the porcine glucagon-like peptide-2 (pGLP-2) microsphere administration catches up with the growth of IUGR piglets was investigated. Methods Fourteen newborn IUGR piglets were assigned into the IUGR and pGLP-2 microsphere groups. The piglets in the pGLP-2 microsphere group were intraperitoneally administered with 100 mg of pGLP-2 microspheres on day 1 of birth. Results From days 15 to 26 of trial, the body weight of the IUGR piglets treated with pGLP-2 microspheres was significantly higher than that in the control group. Importantly, the weaning weight in the pGLP-2 group catches up with the body weight of normal birth weight piglets. IUGR piglets treated with pGLP-2 microspheres significantly showed increased pancreas weight, serum insulin content, and activities of digestive enzymes (lipase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and amylase). Injection of pGLP-2 microspheres returned the intestinal absorptive capacity by significantly increasing the mRNA expression of sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 in the jejunum, glucose transporter type 2 in the duodenum and jejunum, H + -coupled transporter, and peptide transporter 1 in the jejunum and ileum. It also returned the redox balance by increasing the catalase mRNA expression and decreasing the heat shock protein 70 mRNA expression. In addition, this improvement was associated with the significant increase in gut diameter, length, and weight induced by pGLP-2. Conclusions Injection of pGLP-2 microspheres was a suitable therapeutic strategy for compensatory growth in low birth weight IUGR piglet.

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PENGARUH STIMULASI PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN PADA BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA

10.31227/osf.io/ehfcr ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Dwi Nur Octaviani Katili

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Group Treatment ◽

T Test ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Infant Massage

THE EFFECT OF INFANT MASSAGE STIMULATION TOWARDS THE WEIGHT GAIN ON INFANTS WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN YOGYAKARTADwi Nur Octaviani Katili1, Djaswadi Dasuki2, Retno Mawarti3Universitas Muhammadiyah GorontaloEmail: [email protected]: Infants with low birth weight (LBW) require more nutrients inputs in order to optimize their growth and development. The increase of infants weight is used as the best indicator to determine the growth of infants with LBW. The massage on infant with LBW is a form of stimulus/kinesthetic tactile stimulation as a verbal communication to the infants. It can increase endurance, the activity of the digestive function, and the activity of the vagus nerve.Objective: To determine the benefits of infant massage stimulation as an effective non-medical way in gaining body weight on infants with low birth weight (LBW).Methods: The design of the study is Randomized Controlled Trial. The sampling technique is concecutive sample with the total samples are 15 respondents for each group (treatment and control). The data were analyzed with bivariate analysis stage by using independent t-test with a significance level of p value <0.05 as well as multivariate analysisby using linear regression.Results: The t-test results showed that there is average difference in the gaining of body weight on infants with the low birth weight in the treatment and the control group as big as 53.67 grams with a p value <0.001, 95% CI = -79.02 - (- 28.38).Conclusions: The weight gain on infants with low birth weight who do massage stimulation for 14 days is greater than infants who are not massaged.

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The Effect of Caffeine Treatment during Organogenesis Period on the Birth Weight of the Rat Fetuses (Rattus norvegicus)

Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v1i2.3123 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Hery Wijayanto ◽

Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih ◽

Erdiansyah Rahmi

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Control Group ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Pregnant Rat ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Caffeine Treatment ◽

Group I ◽

Fetal Birth Weight

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of caffeine treatment during organogenesis period to the fetal birth weight, using rat (Rattus norvegicus) as the animal model. Thirty-six primipararat obtained from Unit Pengembangan Hewan Percobaan, Gadjah Mada University (UPHP-GMU), 3 month old, 165-200 g body weight, were divided into 6 groups, consisted of 6 rats each. Six of the ratshave been selected based on the estrous cycles, and only rat with regular estrous were use for theexperiment. The rat then were mated, and during day 6-14 of the pregnancies were treated orally withcaffeine diluted in aquadest in dosage: placebo (1 cc aquadest) for group I (control), and 5.4, 10.8, 16.2,21.6, and 27 g/200 g body weight/day for treatment groups II-VI respectively. The pregnant rat bodyweights were determined at day 6 of pregnancies for calculating the caffeine treatment dosages. At day 20thof the pregnancies all of the pregnant rats were caesarotomized, and all of the fetuses were removed and weighed. The results showed that all of the treatment groups have significantly lower birth weightcompare to the groups control group. More over, fetal obtained from the treatment groups also showedserious subcutaneous hemorrhagic.Keywords: organogenesis, Rattus norvegicus, birth weight

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Effect of Obesity and/or Ligature-induced Periodontitis on Aortic Wall Thickness in Wistar Rats.

Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana ◽

10.54589/aol.33/1/050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 50-55

Author(s):

Andressa Moreira ◽

Alessandra Nicolini ◽

Eduardo Gaio ◽

Fernanda Visioli ◽

Cassiano Rösing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Aortic Wall ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Cafeteria Diet ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Aortic Wall Thickness

The purpose of this study was to evaluate aortic wall thickness after periodontal disease and/or obesity induction in a Wistar rat model.Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (CT), periodontal disease (PD), obesity (OB), and obesity plus periodontal disease (OB+PD). Groups OB and OB+PD received cafeteria diet for 17 weeks. After they had acquired obesity (week 12), periodontal disease was induced by placing a silk ligature on the maxillary right second molar of groups PD and OB+PD. During the experimental period, body weight and Lee index were assessed. Mean alveolar bone loss (ABL) was evaluated, and aortas were prepared for histometric analysis of the aortic wall by ImageJ software. Body weight and Lee index increased in rats exposed to cafeteria diet. Mean ABL was higher in Groups PD and OB+PD than in control and OB (p<0.05). ABL was 18% higher in Group OB+PD than in Group PD, with statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Aortas were thicker in Groups OB and OB+PD than in control and PD groups, respectively (2.31mm ± 0.28 and 2.33 ± 0.29 vs. 2.18 ± 0.26 and 2.14 ± 0.27). Group OB differed significantly from the control group (p=0.036), and OB+PD and OB differed significantly from PD (p=0.004 and p= 0.001, respectively). Obesity alters aortic wall thickness in Wistar rats. However, the presence of periodontal disease did not affect the aortic wall thickness under the conditions of the present study.

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Aggressive nutrition in extremely low birth weight infants: impact on parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis and growth

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.2483 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. e2483 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Andreas Repa ◽

Ruth Lochmann ◽

Lukas Unterasinger ◽

Michael Weber ◽

Angelika Berger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Head Circumference ◽

Postnatal Growth ◽

The Body ◽

Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Z Score

BackgroundParenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC) is a frequently observed pathology in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Its pathogenesis is determined by the composition and duration of parenteral nutrition (PN) as well as the tolerance of enteral feeds (EF). “Aggressive” nutrition is increasingly used in ELBW infants to improve postnatal growth. Little is known about the effect of “aggressive” nutrition on the incidence of PNAC. We analyzed the influence of implementing an “aggressive” nutritional regimen on the incidence of PNAC and growth in a cohort of ELBW infants.MethodsELBW infants were nourished using a “conservative” (2005–6;n= 77) or “aggressive” (2007–9;n= 85) nutritional regimen that differed in the composition of PN after birth as well as the composition and timing of advancement of EFs. We analyzed the incidence of PNAC (conjugated bilirubin > 1.5 mg/dl (25 µmol/l)) corrected for confounders of cholestasis (i.e., NEC and/or gastrointestinal surgery, sepsis, birth weight, Z-score of birth weight, time on PN and male sex), growth until discharge (as the most important secondary outcome) and neonatal morbidities.ResultsThe incidence of PNAC was significantly lower during the period of “aggressive” vs. “conservative “nutrition (27% vs. 46%,P< 0.05; adjusted OR 0.275 [0.116–0.651],P< 0.01). Body weight (+411g), head circumference (+1 cm) and length (+1 cm) at discharge were significantly higher. Extra-uterine growth failure (defined as a Z-score difference from birth to discharge lower than −1) was significantly reduced for body weight (85% vs. 35%), head circumference (77% vs. 45%) and length (85% vs. 65%) (P< 0.05). The body mass index (BMI) at discharge was significantly higher (11.1 vs. 12.4) using “aggressive” nutrition and growth became more proportionate with significantly less infants being discharged below the 10th BMI percentile (44% vs. 9%), while the percentage of infants discharged over the 90th BMI percentile (3% vs. 5%) did not significantly increase.Discussion“Aggressive” nutrition of ELBW infants was associated with a significant decrease of PNAC and marked improvement of postnatal growth.

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Effects of S24–7 on the weight of progeny rats after exposure to ceftriaxone sodium during pregnancy

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-021-02231-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xin Yang ◽

Ting Tang ◽

Jing Wen ◽

Mengchun Li ◽

Jie Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Mineral Absorption ◽

Ceftriaxone Sodium ◽

Lower Body Weight ◽

Dominant Bacteria

AbstractAntibiotic exposure during pregnancy will adversely affect the growth of offspring; however, this remains controversial and the mechanism is poorly understood. To study this phenomenon, we added ceftriaxone sodium to the drinking water of pregnant rats and continuously monitored the body weight of their offspring. The results showed that compared with the control group, the offspring exposed to antibiotics during pregnancy had a higher body weight up to 3 weeks old but had a lower body weight at 6 weeks old. To determine the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the growth of offspring, we collected feces for sequencing and further established that the experimental group has a different composition ratio of dominant bacteria at 6 week old, among which S24–7 correlated negatively with body weight and the metabolites that correlated with body weight-related unique flora were L-Valine, L-Leucine, Glutaric acid, N-Acetyl-L-glutamate, and 5-Methylcytosine. To further explore how they affect the growth of offspring, we submitted these data to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes website for relevant pathway analysis. The results showed that compared with the control, the following metabolic pathways changed significantly: Valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; Protein digestion and absorption; and Mineral absorption. Therefore, we believe that our findings support the conclusion that ceftriaxone sodium exposure in pregnancy has a long-lasting adverse effect on the growth of offspring because of an imbalance of gut microbiota, especially S24–7, via different metabolic pathways.

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Effects of S24-7 on the weight of progeny rats after exposure to ceftriaxone sodium during pregnancy

10.21203/rs.3.rs-285377/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Yang ◽

Ting Tang ◽

Jing Wen ◽

Mengchun Li ◽

Jie Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Mineral Absorption ◽

Ceftriaxone Sodium ◽

Lower Body Weight ◽

Dominant Bacteria

Abstract Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy will adversely affect the growth of offspring; however, this remains controversial and the mechanism is poorly understood. To study this phenomenon, we added ceftriaxone sodium to the drinking water of pregnant rats and continuously monitored the body weight of their offspring. The results showed that compared with the control group, the offspring exposed to antibiotics during pregnancy had a higher body weight up to 3 weeks old but had a lower body weight at 6 weeks old. To determine the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the growth of offspring, we collected feces for sequencing and further established that the experimental group has a different composition ratio of dominant bacteria at 6 week old, among which S24-7 correlated negatively with body weight and the metabolites that correlated with body weight-related unique flora were L-Valine, L-Leucine, Glutaric acid, N-Acetyl-L-glutamate, and 5-Methylcytosine. To further explore how they affect the growth of offspring, we submitted these data to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes website for relevant pathway analysis. The results showed that compared with the control, the following metabolic pathways changed significantly: Valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; Protein digestion and absorption; and Mineral absorption. Therefore, we believe that our findings support the conclusion that ceftriaxone sodium exposure in pregnancy has a long-lasting adverse effect on the growth of offspring because of an imbalance of gut microbiota, especially S24-7, via different metabolic pathways.

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Condition assessment of infants born to mothers with urinary diseases

Acta Medica Leopoliensia ◽

10.25040/aml2021.01-02.015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1-2) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

L.M. Melenchuk ◽

◽

Y.B. Shargorodska ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Acute Pyelonephritis ◽

Condition Assessment ◽

The Body ◽

Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽

Control Group ◽

Urinary System ◽

Perinatal Complications

The research aim is to study factors of perinatal complications among women with diseases of the urinary system on the basis of retrospective analysis of their newborns' condition. Materials and Methods. A total of 160 women with urinary diseases were selected for the study in Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital from 2014 to 2017. We studied the development of infants born to women with a clinical diagnosis of "Diseases of the urinary system". The newborns' gestational age at birth, anthropometric indicators, and condition assessment on the Apgar scale were analyzed. The obtained indicators were compared with similar parameters in the control group of healthy women that had given birth to live children in the same maternity department during the same period of time. Results and Discussion. We analyzed the condition of infants born to 130 women with urinary diseases. 68 of them were hospitalized with pyelonephritis, and 62 - with chronic pyelonephritis. The control group included 30 healthy female patients. The gestation age analysis showed that the number of preterm babies was higher in the group of infants born to mothers with acute pyelonephritis - 13 cases (10.0%) and even much higher in the group of mothers with chronic pyelonephritis - 25 cases (19.2%). These results were compared with the data obtained from the control group in which 30 full-term babies (100.0%) were born, (p <0.05). In the group of women with acute pyelonephritis, the majority of infants were born with the body weight more than 2500.0 g - 55 cases (42.3%), and 13 (10.0%) infants with the birth weight less than 2500.0 g. The mothers with chronic pyelonephritis gave birth to infants with the body weight less than 2500.0 g in 37 cases studied (28.5%). There was also a significant number of low birth weight newborns in this group - 25 cases (19.2%). In the control group, all 30 babies (100.0%) were born healthy weighing over 2500.0 g. Infants receiving less than 7 points on the Apgar scale were born to women with acute pyelonephritis in 15 cases (11.5%) and to mothers with chronic pyelonephritis in 25 cases (19.2%). In the group of healthy women, all newborns' condition was satisfactory. Conclusions. Women with urinary pathology are confirmed to be at risk of perinatal complications. The research has revealed the significant differences in gestational age, birth weight, and the Apgar score among infants born to women in the main and control groups (p<0.05). The infants whose mothers suffered from urinary pathology were often born prematurely: 13 (10.0%) - to mothers with acute pyelonephritis and 25 (19.2%) - to mothers with chronic pyelonephritis. At the same time the infants in the control group were born healthy (100.0%). Therefore, women with urinary pathology are recommended to be included in the "risk group" for perinatal complications.

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Effects of standard diets from different sources on growth and some organ parameters of rats

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.22966 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 2055

Author(s):

B. GENC ◽

M. SALMAN ◽

Ş. TÜTÜNCÜ ◽

M. ERMIŞ ◽

H. MURUZ

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

National Research Council ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Crypt Depth ◽

Open Formula ◽

Different Sources

This study aims to determine the effects of open and closed formulated standard diets supplied from different sources on growth performance and internal organ development of laboratory rats. Five-week-old 32 Wistar rats were used. A special control group diet was produced in accordance with the criteria determined by the National Research Council (NRC) (1995). Three different most preferred commercial open and closed-formula diets produced by international and local companies were used as trial groups’ diets. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks. Weekly feed consumption, body weight change, internal organ weight, intestinal organ weigths and lengths, intestinal villi heigth and crypt depth were measured in groups. The body weight values of the control group and the first group fed with open-formula diet were found at the highest level (P <0.05). The control group diet had a positive effect on small intestine villi heigth and crypt depth (P <0.05). The nutrient contents and energy values of the diets of experimental groups were determined as different from the commercial firm notifications. As a result of the research, it is concluded that the diets prepared with open-formula give more reliable results in the growth performance and development of internal organs of Wistar rats.

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The Relationship Between Maternal Periodontal Status of and Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants in Iran: A Case Control Study

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n5p184 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 184 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Karimi ◽

Jalaleddin H Hamissi ◽

Simin Rafieyan Naeini ◽

Mojgan Karimi

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Sample Group ◽

Control Study

AIM & BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that periodontitis is associated with systemic alterations such as adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, some conflicting results have been reported. This study was conducted to determine the association between periodontitis and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW) to obtain information which is necessary for the planning of preventive programs of periodontal disease for pregnant women in this area. MATERIALS & METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 264 mothers. The index used to determine oral hygiene and periodontal diseases is Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN). RESULTS: The mothers in the sample group with single delivery delivered 8 times low birth weight infants more than the mothers in the control group with single delivery. And also the mothers in the sample group with multiple deliveries; delivered 10 times low birth weight infants and 8 times premature infant more than the mothers in the control group. CONCLUSION: More studies should be carried out in through preventing and treating periodontal diseases, expenses incurred due to preterm labor and low birth weight decrease and the society will witness fewer mental problems suffered by such children as they grow up. So we can emphasize the importance of periodontal care in prenatal health programs. And we may suggest that a special program of periodontal disease prevention for pregnant women is very necessary.

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