Effects of standard diets from different sources on growth and some organ parameters of rats

This study aims to determine the effects of open and closed formulated standard diets supplied from different sources on growth performance and internal organ development of laboratory rats. Five-week-old 32 Wistar rats were used. A special control group diet was produced in accordance with the criteria determined by the National Research Council (NRC) (1995). Three different most preferred commercial open and closed-formula diets produced by international and local companies were used as trial groups’ diets. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks. Weekly feed consumption, body weight change, internal organ weight, intestinal organ weigths and lengths, intestinal villi heigth and crypt depth were measured in groups. The body weight values of the control group and the first group fed with open-formula diet were found at the highest level (P <0.05). The control group diet had a positive effect on small intestine villi heigth and crypt depth (P <0.05). The nutrient contents and energy values of the diets of experimental groups were determined as different from the commercial firm notifications. As a result of the research, it is concluded that the diets prepared with open-formula give more reliable results in the growth performance and development of internal organs of Wistar rats.

Download Full-text

Effects of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Polysaccharide on Growth Performance and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1089038/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hosameldeen Mohamed Husien ◽

JunJie Huang ◽

WeiLong Peng ◽

ShuMei Zheng ◽

JinGui Li

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Tnf Α

Abstract Moringa oleifera (MO) is a widely used as the nutritious and non-traditional feed supplementation containing kinds of bioactive substances. However, the enhancement effect of Moringa oleifera leaf Polysaccharide (MOLP) as a feed additive in broilers growth performance and immunity remains unclear. In this study, MOLP was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, then purified with Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) assay. Chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups, to receive different doses of MOLP (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4g/kg) in feed for 3 weeks. The body weight gain (BWG) and feed consumption were recorded for feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) calculation. Broiler chickens were sacrificed and sampled on day 14, 21, 28 (D 14, D 21, and D 28) respectively. Serological indicators, including total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLO), and creatinine (CREA) were detected. ELISA kits were applied for detecting the levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). From D 21 to D 28, the results showed that middle dose of MOLP significantly increased BWG and ADFI as well as liver and bursa indexes when compared with the control group. In addition, TP and GLO were also increased (P<0.05). All MOLP treatments enhanced the serum concentrations of IgG and IL-2 (P<0.01). Furthermore, results of quantitative RT-PCR showed that high dose of MOLP treatment significantly increased (P<0.001) the mRNA expression levels of IL-2 and TNF-α of chickens relative to the control group. In conclusion, the results showed that MOLP supplementation contributed to improve growth performance and immune response in broiler chickens, and MOLP could be considered as a promising feed additive.

Download Full-text

Effects of ligature-induced periodontitis in pregnant Wistar rats

Pesquisa Odontológica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1517-74912003000100010 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 51-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mariane Ponzio de Azevedo Galvão ◽

Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing ◽

Maria Beatriz Cardoso Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Female Adult ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Male Adult

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ligature-induced periodontal disease in pregnant rats on their newborn's health parameters. Twenty-four female adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the control group (G1) and the group that was submitted to dental ligatures around second upper molars (G2). After the four week period of development of periodontitis, the female animals were mated with male adult Wistar rats. There were no differences in the body weight of females between the two groups during mating and pregnancy. No differences were observed among the groups in relation to the viable newborn index. However, there were differences in newborn birth weight, explained by the diverse size of the litters. In this study, ligature-induced periodontal disease did not promote changes during pregnancy that resulted in low birth weight in newborn Wistar rats.

Download Full-text

Effects of Neem and Nishyinda leaves supplementation on growth performance and gut biosis in broiler

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v6i2.48047 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 168-175

Author(s):

Atikur Rahaman ◽

Md Bazlar Rashid ◽

Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽

Rakibul Islam ◽

Fahima Binthe Aziz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Health Hazard ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Neem Leaves ◽

Group D

This study was conducted under the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology to determine the effects of Neem and Nishyinda leaves supplementation on growth performance and GUT biosis in broilers. A total of 40 day old broiler chicks were divided into four groups A, B, C and D. Group A was considered as control, fed only with commercial broiler ration. Group B supplemented with formulation of 2 gm grinded Neem leaves, Group C with 2 gm grinded Nishyinda leaves and Group D with 1 gm grinded Neem leaves plus 1 gm grinded Nishyinda leaves per liter of water respectively. Observations were recorded for live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, hemato-biochemical parameters and GUT biosis specially the parasite of birds in six weeks. Body weights were increased significantly (p<0.05) in all treated groups in respect to the control and highest was recorded in combine Neem plus Nishyinda supplemented groups (Group D). No significant (p>0.05) differences were observed among the groups for PCV and TEC values. Hb content increased and ESR decreased significantly (p<0.05) with combine Neem plus Nishyinda supplemented group (Group D). The serum SGOT and SGPT levels were also decreased with the same kind of supplementation. In treatment group there was significantly decreased of parasitic eggs, but in case of control group no decrease of parasitic eggs. There was no significant pathological change in any internal organs of the broiler of treated groups. Best result was found in the group D. The present study reveals that combine supplementation of Neem plus Nishyinda gives better result over other groups in respect to body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, hemato-biochemical parameter and profitability without making any health hazard of the broilers. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2020, 6(2): 168-175

Download Full-text

Effect of the dietary inclusion of the growth promoter avoparcin on the performance and carcass characteristics of growing goat kids

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.15695 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

V. A. BABIDIS (Β. Μ. ΜΠΑΜΠΙΔΗΣ) ◽

P. FLOROU-PANERI (Π. ΦΛΩΡΟΥ-ΠΑΝΕΡΗ) ◽

D. KUFIDIS (Δ. ΚΟΥΦΙΔΗΣ) ◽

A. B. SPAIS (A.B. ΣΠΑΗΣ)

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Spleen Weight ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Indigenous Goat

A trial was conducted with 32 indigenous goat kids (Capra prisca) 8,5 weeks old to examine the effectiveness of dietary avoparcin as growth promoting factor. The kids were randomly allocated into two groups (control- and avoparcin group with initial mean body weight of 11,61 ±1,16 kg and 11,57±1,47 kg, respectively) comprising of 16 kids (8 male and 8 female) each. For a period of 12 weeks, kids in the control group were given lucerne (alfalfa) hay (mean daily consumption 170 g/head) and an appropriate compound diet (given ad libitum), while kids in the avoparcin group were fed the same diet except that the compound diet was supplemented with avoparcin (20 mg/kg). Avoparcin supplementation significantly (P<0.05) improved final mean body weight by 10.57% (19.24 ± 2.33 kg vs. 17.40 ± 2.30 kg), body weight gain (BWG) by 32.30% (7.66 ± 1.42 kg vs. 5.79 ± 1.74 kg), mean daily feed consumption in dry matter basis (DM) by 14.24% (551.80 ± 31.60 g DM vs. 483.02 ± 28.94 g DM), feed conversion ratio by 13.62% (6.09 ± 0.47 kg DM consumption/kg BWG vs. 7.05 ± 0.56 kg DM consumption/kg BWG) and carcass weight by 14.86% (11.44 ± 1.48 kg vs. 9.96 ± 1.76 kg). Moreover, no significant differences (P>0.05) were noticed neither in carcass yield and carcass chemical composition nor in percentages of small intestine-, major omentum-, lung-,heart-, liver- and spleen weight in the body weight.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the Toxicity ofPradosia huberiExtract during the Preimplantation in Wistar Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/294172 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aldeíde de Oliveira Batista Rocha ◽

Liliane de Queirós Sousa ◽

Clélia de Alencar Xavier Mota ◽

Elane Cristina S. Santos ◽

Margareth de Fátima Formiga Melo Diniz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Relative Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Reproductive Ability ◽

Different Doses

The treatment during the embryonic preimplantation phase of Wistar rats with thePradosia huberiextract did not interfere with the water and feed consumption, as well as upon the body-weight gain. However, it has expressed a decrease of the uterine implant number, followed by the preimplantation losses at all applied doses (1.22, 6.1, and 30.5 mg/kg), and the number of embryonic resorptions in the two highest doses (6.1 and 30.5 mg/kg). After the organ weighing (hypophysis, ovaries, and uterus), only the relative weight of the hypophysis was raised at the different doses (1.22, 6.1, and 30.5 mg/kg). It was concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract ofPradosia hubericompromises the reproductive ability during the embryonic preimplantation phase, suggesting a possible toxic effect upon the reproductive system of Wistar rats.

Download Full-text

The Influence of the Mineral–Microbial Deodorizing Preparation on Ammonia Emission and Growth Performance in Turkey Production

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11070743 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 743

Author(s):

Remigiusz Gałęcki ◽

Michał Dąbrowski ◽

Tadeusz Bakuła ◽

Kazimierz Obremski ◽

Mirosław Baranowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Growth Performance ◽

The Body ◽

Ammonia Emission ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Nh3 Emission ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Campylobacter Spp

In our previous in vitro research and also in laying hen production, attempts were made to minimise ammonia emissions in poultry houses with the use of Deodoric® biopreparation. The objective of the present research was to evaluate the influence of the Deodoric® on ammonia (NH3) emission and turkey growth performance in a semi-industrial production system. Significant differences in NH3 emission (p-value < 0.001), body weight (p-value < 0.001) and relative humidity (p-value < 0.001) were observed between the control group (C) and the experimental group (E) where Deodoric® was applied. In group C, an increase in ammonia concentration in air could have contributed to a decrease in the body weight of turkeys, but the above correlation was not observed in group E. In the control group, a relatively strong correlation between NH3 emission and temperature (p-value = 0.0009; r = 0.74) and moderate correlations between NH3 emission vs. relative humidity (p-value = 0.01; r = 0.59), air speed (p-value = 0.015; r = 0.60) and cooling (p-value = 0.005; r = 0.66) were noted. Studied correlations were not observed in group E. The preparation did not affect microbial levels in manure or body samples. Throughout the experiment, significant differences in the number of mesophilic bacteria (for the model: F = 46.14, p-value = 0.09; for mesophilic microorganisms: F = 3.29, p-value = 0.045) and Campylobacter spp. (for the model: F = 24.96, p-value = 0.008; for Campylobacter spp.: F = 0.25, p-value = 0.64) were not observed between group C and group E. The administration of Deodoric® to manure decreased NH3 concentration in the air and increased weight gains in the experimental group of turkeys relative to group C. Preparation may be applied in poultry farms to improve poultry farming conditions.

Download Full-text

Effect of soluble fiber or fructooligosaccharide supplementation upon trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid induced colitis in rats

Acta Cirurgica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-86502006000500008 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 315-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sthela Maria Murad-Regadas ◽

Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de Souza ◽

Gerly Anne de Castro Brito ◽

Lusmar Veras Rodrigues ◽

Francisco Sérgio Pinheiro Regadas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Sulphonic Acid ◽

The Body ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Length Ratio ◽

Control Group ◽

Soluble Fiber ◽

Trinitrobenzene Sulphonic Acid

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of soluble fiber or fructooligosaccharide (FOS) supplementation upon trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. METHODS: 64 Wistar rats were given water, soluble fiber or FOS intragastrically during 14 days prior to colitis induction with TNBS (n=48) or rectal enema with water (n=16; control group). On the 7th or 14th day following colitis induction the rats were weighed and euthanized in order to determine the colon weight/length ratio and macroscopic and microscopic scores. RESULTS: On the 7th day following colitis induction the body weight had decreased significantly, the colon weight/length ratio had increased and macroscopic and microscopic colon lesions were observed. On the 14th day following colitis induction no difference in body weight was observed, in spite of the persistence of macroscopic and microscopic lesions and increased colon weight/length ratio. Supplementation with soluble fiber or FOS did not revert colon lesions or any of the study parameters. Supplementation with FOS, but not with fiber, was associated with increased colon weight/length ratio on the 14th day. CONCLUSION: Supplementation with soluble fiber or FOS produced no significant impact on TNBS-induced colitis in rats.

Download Full-text

Histopathological Changes in Gastrointestinal Tissues of Wistar Rats Administered with Methanolic Leaf Extract of Caladium bicolor (Araceae)

European Journal of Medicinal Plants ◽

10.9734/ejmp/2020/v31i1330308 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 12-19

Author(s):

Dayo Rotimi Omotoso ◽

Adeniran Oluwadamilare Akinola ◽

Ibifuro Brown

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Surface Erosion ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Toxic Potential

To assess the effect of methanolic leaf extract of Caladium bicolor on the histomorphology of gastrointestinal tissues of experimental animals. Twenty four Wistar rats (weighing between 175-190 g) were randomly and equally divided into four groups which include one control group (CG) and three treatment groups (TG I, TG II and TG III). The CG was administered with distilled water [2 ml/kg body weight (b.w.)] while TGs I, II and III were administered with 100 ml/kg, 200 ml/kg and 300 ml/kg (b.w.) of C. bicolor extract respectively. All administrations were done orally and once daily for a period of thirty days. The body weight of all animals was recorded at the beginning and end of study. After the period of study, gastric and small intestinal tissues of experimental animals were harvested, processed, converted to tissue blocks and sectioned. Tissue sections were stained using Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) technique. Thereafter, stained sections microscopically examined for observable histopathological changes within study tissues. The results of this study showed that exposure to C. bicolor extract causes significant (p < 0.05) body weight loss in TGs I-III compared to CG. In addition, prominent histopathological changes were observed in gastrointestinal tissues of experimental animals in TGs I-III including gastric mucosal surface erosion and intestinal villi degeneration compared to normal gastrointestinal histomorphology of CG animals. These histopathological changes may be associated with toxic effect of phytochemicals constituents of the extract. Therefore, its application for therapeutic purposes needs to be thoroughly re-validated or perhaps disallowed where alternative therapeutic agents with minimal toxic potential exist.

Download Full-text

Utilization of Snakehead Fish Meat for Increasing Kidney Function in Rat Experiencing Physiological Stress

Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education ◽

10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.16254 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 553-558

Author(s):

Sunarno Sunarno ◽

Hajar Sokmawati ◽

Rully Rahadian

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Physiological Stress ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Kidney Weight ◽

Significance Level ◽

Fish Meat ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Physiological stress for a long time can lead to impaired kidney organ function. Snakehead fish meat are known to contain important nutrients such as albumin, glutamine, glycine, cysteine, and various minerals that can improve kidney function. This study was conducted to examine and analyze the effect of snakehead fish supplementation in feed towards body weight, kidney weight, diameter and number of glomerulus in Wistar rats with physiological stress. This study used 20 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups consisted of 1 control group (P0) and 4 treatment groups (P1: 5%, P2: 10%, P3: 15%, P4: 20%). The treatments were performed with 4 times repetition. This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The variables measured were body weight, kidney weight, diameter and number of renal glomerulus. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% significance level and continued with Duncan test with 5% significance level. The results of this study were: the supplementation of snakehead fish with 20% of concentration can increase the body weight; concentration 10; 15; and 20% can increase the weight of the kidney; concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% can increase the glomerular diameter in Wistar rats with physiological stress. The supplementation of snakehead fish with concentration of 5% to 20% did not affect the number of glomerulus of Wistar rats with physiological stress. Results of this study is useful as information for people who study the mechanism of kidney repair due to physiological stress.

Download Full-text

Growth and Hematological changes of commercial birds fed on blood meal supplement with water

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4829 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 321-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Shahidullah ◽

M Uddin ◽

MA Habib

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Blood Meal ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Commercial Broiler ◽

Group B

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of blood meal supplement on growth performance and hematological parameters changes in broiler chicks. The experiment was carried out with 40 selected homogenous sex and weight broiler chicks having 10 for each group. The lay out of the study was conducted with control group A, fed only with standard commercial broiler ration and other groups viz. B, C, and D were fed with standard commercial ration in addition to 2.5 %, 5.0 %, and 7.5% blood meal supplement with water respectively for 15 days (21st to 35th days of age). The activities of broiler chicks, growth performance, weight loss or gain and any kind of abnormalities were closely observed in every day and the body weight was recorded at 7 days interval. During feeding of blood meal all treated groups were found increased body weight at different level.The blood meal supplied to the broiler chicks increased the growth performance that was directly proportional to the rate of blood meal supplement with water, because the ration was fixed for every group. In hematological observations, TEC, Hb concentration and PCV were decreased but rapid decreasing occurs in group (B) that was statistically significant (P<0.05). In this experiment during feeding of blood meal no clinical symptoms were found markedly. But slight symptoms occur when fed 7.5 % blood meal.The data were analyzed by least significance difference (LSD) with a compute program SPSS-11.50 (Statistical packages for social sciences). Keywords: Blood meal; Hematological parameters; Growth performance DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4829 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 321-326, 2008

Download Full-text