scholarly journals The Canal da Piracema at Itaipu Dam as a fish pass system

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Makrakis ◽  
Luiz Carlos Gomes ◽  
Maristela Cavicchioli Makrakis ◽  
Domingo Rodriguez Fernandez ◽  
Carla Simone Pavanelli
Keyword(s):  
Abundant Species ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Pass System ◽  
Prochilodus Lineatus ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Fish Pass ◽  
Iheringichthys Labrosus ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

The Canal da Piracema is the longest (nearly 10 km) fish pass system in the world. The construction of this fish pass was somehow controversial, because it connected two distinct ichthyofaunistic provinces. This study evaluated the ichthyofauna present in the Canal da Piracema and the abundance and distribution of long-distance migratory fish species along this fish pass system (evaluated possible selectivity). The Canal da Piracema was shown to be difficult to sample because of its environmental heterogeneity: artificial ponds, ladders and nature-like fish pass. To solve this problem, we used several fishing gears, adequate for the several biotopes present (unstructured and structured littoral were sampled with seining nets and electrofishing; lentic were sampled with gillnets and longlines (deeper areas); and rapid water areas were sampled with cast nets). The ichthyofauna of the Canal da Piracema followed the pattern for South America and the Paraná River, with a predominance of Characiformes and Siluriformes. The most representative families were Characidae, Anostomidae, Pimelodidae and Loricariidae. We captured 116 species (17 were long-distance migratory) during the period studied. Small-sized species were predominant in unstructured and structured littoral areas, especially Bryconamericus exodon and Apareiodon affinis.The most abundant species was Hypostomus spp. in lentic areas, followed by Iheringichthys labrosus. Hoplias aff. malabaricus predominated in deeper lentic areas. Long-distance migratory species were abundant in rapid waters; they were Prochilodus lineatus and Leporinus elongatus. The sharp reduction in the number of species, including migratory ones, is an indication that the Canal da Piracema is selecting the species that ascend it. Therefore, the search for information on the efficiency of the various fish passes present in the Canal da Piracema is fundamental, to facilitate upward movements of fish. If this is reached, this polemic fish pass has the potential to contribute to the conservation of fish stocks in Itaipu Reservoir and upstream stretches, because of the presence of spawning and development (nurseries) areas for migratory species.

scholarly journals The use of morphometric analysis to predict the swimming efficiency of two Neotropical long-distance migratory species in fish passage

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucileine de Assumpção ◽  
Maristela Cavicchioli Makrakis ◽  
Sergio Makrakis ◽  
Ricardo Luiz Wagner ◽  
Patrícia Sarai da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Prochilodus Lineatus ◽  
Fish Ladder ◽  
Swimming Efficiency ◽  
Ascent Time

This study investigated the external body morphology (based on morphometric data) and the swimming efficiency in fish passages (based on the ascent time in a fish ladder) of two Neotropical long-distance migratory species. The fish were collected in the fish ladder of the Porto Primavera Hydroelectric Power Plant (known as Engenheiro Sergio Motta), upper Paraná River, Brazil. The species differ in several morphometric ratios related to swimming performance. Prochilodus lineatus exhibited a higher muscle ratio and caudal fin length ratio. However, Leporinus elongatus showed higher values for the fineness ratio, a higher length from snout to pectoral fin base ratio, and a higher caudal peduncle depth factor. Although both species show good swimming performance, the characteristics listed above may enable L. elongatus to apply greater power and propulsion, allowing it to reach a high swimming speed and to exhibit greater efficiency than P. lineatus. Leporinus elongatus moves faster than P. lineatus and has a lower mean ascent time (1.39 hours) than P. lineatus (3.76 hours). Prochilodus lineatus would require a somewhat longer time to pass through the fish ladder.

scholarly journals Utilization of the fish ladder at the Engenheiro Sergio Motta Dam, Brazil, by long distance migrating potamodromous species

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Makrakis ◽  
Maristela Cavicchioli Makrakis ◽  
Ricardo Luiz Wagner ◽  
João Henrique Pinheiro Dias ◽  
Luiz Carlos Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Lower Pool ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Sampling Protocol ◽  
Fish Ladder ◽  
Upper Pool ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Utilization of the fish ladder installed at the Engenheiro Sergio Motta Dam (also known as Porto Primavera) on the Paraná River, Southern Brazil, by long-distance migrating potamodromous species (sampling Protocol I), and ascending and descending movements (Protocol II) were evaluated. Three pools along the fish ladder (designated as lower, middle, and upper) were sampled monthly between December, 2004 and March, 2005 to determine the abundance of species in the ladder. The ascending and descending movements of the species in the ladder were also analyzed in the same period. In the samples for both protocols, 37 species representing 17 families and 5 orders (Characiformes, Siluriformes, Perciformes, Gymnotiformes, and Myliobatiformes) were recorded. Characiformes were represented by 21 species. Long- distance migratory species (11 species) predominated in the ladder (60% of the total number of individuals), with high abundance of Rhinelepis aspera (5645 individuals). For protocol I, mean abundance varied greatly among the months and pools, with lowest values in December and March for all pools, and highest in January for the lower pool due to high capture of R. aspera. Fish abundance declined from the lower to the upper pool, especially for R. aspera and Rhaphiodon vulpinus. For Protocol II, 17 species were recorded ascending the ladder, where Astyanax altiparanae and Leporinus friderici were the most abundant species (684 and 111 individuals, respectively). However, 18 species showed descending movements, with high captures of Metynnis maculatus and A. altiparanae (339 and 319 individuals, respectively). Twelve species (52%) moved in both directions, and among the seven migratory species sampled, four were recorded ascending and descending, and three species only ascending the ladder. The fish ladder appears to selectively favor species with high swimming capabilities. A discussion is presented on the requirements for future research on attraction to the fish ladder entrance, downstream movements, fish utilization of the ladder, and impacts on spawning and rearing habitat both upstream and downstream of the dam.

scholarly journals Importance of the Congonhas River for the conservation of the fish fauna of the Upper Paraná basin, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIEGO AZEVEDO ZOCCAL GARCIA ◽  
ANA PAULA VIDOTTO-MAGNONI ◽  
ALEXANDRO DERLY AUGUSTO COSTA ◽  
ARMANDO CÉSAR RODRIGUES CASIMIRO ◽  
LUCAS RIBEIRO JARDULI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Prochilodus Lineatus ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Parana Basin

Abstract. Garcia DAZ, Vidotto-Magnoni AP, Costa ADA, Casimiro ACR, Jarduli LR, Ferraz JD, De Almeida FS, Orsi ML. 2019. Importance of the Congonhas River for the conservation of the fish fauna of the Upper Paraná basin, Brazil. Biodiversitas 20: 474-481. The Upper Paraná River basin is among the most fragmented watersheds in the world. The Congonhas River belongs to this drainage system, which has its mouth in the Capivara Reservoir and can be considered the largest tributary free-from-dam, becoming important for the maintenance of fish species richness. In order to know more about the species present in this tributary, we aimed to provide an inventory of fish fauna of the Congonhas River and reproductive strategies to determine whether the river is used by migratory species and whether there is a longitudinal variation in the fish assembly. These findings will provide subsidies to contribute to the implementation of policies to protect biodiversity. Samplings occurred in the upper, middle and lower stretches of the Congonhas River during four periods between 1991 and 2011. Fishes were captured using gill nets from 2 to 14 cm mesh sizes between opposite knots and cast nets, identified and categorized according to their reproductive strategies. A total of 4,640 individuals belonging to 63 species, of which 79.4% consisted of Characiformes and Siluriformes were captured. Furthermore, 14% of fish were long-distance migratory species (e.g., Piaractus mesopotamicus, Megaleporinus obtusidens, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, Pinirampus pirinampu, and Pseudoplatystoma corruscans). In addition, there was an increase in the fish species richness from upstream to downstream. Management actions such as prohibition of fishing, rehabilitation of riparian vegetation, and protection of the basin against dam construction will reduce anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystem. The Congonhas River highlights the importance of preserving lotic environmental for the conservation of migratory and non-migratory Neotropical fish diversity into a heavily modified watershed.

scholarly journals Flight range, fuel load and the impact of climate change on the journeys of migrant birds

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1873) ◽  
pp. 20172329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Howard ◽  
Philip A. Stephens ◽  
Joseph A. Tobias ◽  
Catherine Sheard ◽  
Stuart H. M. Butchart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Fuel Load ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Avian Flight ◽  
Flight Range ◽  
Combine Information ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is predicted to increase migration distances for many migratory species, but the physiological and temporal implications of longer migratory journeys have not been explored. Here, we combine information about species' flight range potential and migratory refuelling requirements to simulate the number of stopovers required and the duration of current migratory journeys for 77 bird species breeding in Europe. Using tracking data, we show that our estimates accord with recorded journey times and stopovers for most species. We then combine projections of altered migratory distances under climate change with models of avian flight to predict future migratory journeys. We find that 37% of migratory journeys undertaken by long-distance migrants will necessitate an additional stopover in future. These greater distances and the increased number of stops will substantially increase overall journey durations of many long-distance migratory species, a factor not currently considered in climate impact studies.

scholarly journals Quantifying ecosystem service flows at multiple scales across the range of a long-distance migratory species

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius J. Semmens ◽  
Jay E. Diffendorfer ◽  
Kenneth J. Bagstad ◽  
Ruscena Wiederholt ◽  
Karen Oberhauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance

scholarly journals Morphological evolution of some migratory Ficedula flycatchers

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana C. Outlaw ◽  
V. Nijman
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Selective Agent ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Selection Pressures ◽  
Old World ◽  
Morphological Selection ◽  
Migratory Phenotype

Long-distance migration imposes physiological and morphological selection pressures on birds. The genus Ficedula, a lineage of Old World flycatchers, consists of long- and short-distance migratory species, as well as sedentary species. Members of each of these groups are not reciprocally monophyletic, yet each of the behavioral groups is morphologically distinguishable even when accounting for phylogeny. Long-distance migratory species have more pointed wings than either short-distance migratory or sedentary species, and migratory behaviors and wing pointed-ness are phylogenetically correlated. This suggests that migratory Ficedula species have converged on a migratory phenotype, and that migration may be a selective agent that has shaped the independently-derived migratory Ficedula species in similar ways.

scholarly journals Pollination by hoverflies in the Anthropocene

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1927) ◽  
pp. 20200508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Doyle ◽  
Will L. S. Hawkes ◽  
Richard Massy ◽  
Gary D. Powney ◽  
Myles H. M. Menz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Protection ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Global Food

Pollinator declines, changes in land use and climate-induced shifts in phenology have the potential to seriously affect ecosystem function and food security by disrupting pollination services provided by insects. Much of the current research focuses on bees, or groups other insects together as ‘non-bee pollinators’, obscuring the relative contribution of this diverse group of organisms. Prominent among the ‘non-bee pollinators’ are the hoverflies, known to visit at least 72% of global food crops, which we estimate to be worth around US$300 billion per year, together with over 70% of animal pollinated wildflowers. In addition, hoverflies provide ecosystem functions not seen in bees, such as crop protection from pests, recycling of organic matter and long-distance pollen transfer. Migratory species, in particular, can be hugely abundant and unlike many insect pollinators, do not yet appear to be in serious decline. In this review, we contrast the roles of hoverflies and bees as pollinators, discuss the need for research and monitoring of different pollinator responses to anthropogenic change and examine emerging research into large populations of migratory hoverflies, the threats they face and how they might be used to improve sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Analysis of fishing activity in the Itá reservoir, Upper Uruguay River, in the period 2004-2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Schork ◽  
Hermes-Silva. G. ◽  
. S ◽  
E. Zaniboni-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Socioeconomic Profile ◽  
Uruguay River

This study characterized fishing activity in the reservoir of the Hydroelectric Power Plant of Itá in Brazil. The reservoir is located in the Upper Uruguay River, which forms the border between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. To analyze fishing activity and the composition of ichthyofauna in the reservoir after damming, questionnaires were administered to fishermen in the region between 2004 and 2009. The results showed that fishing in the Itá reservoir can be classified as a subsistence activity performed on small vessels and usually involving the use of drift nets and handlines. Between 2004 and 2009, 292,780.10 kg worth of fish were captured, with an average annual productivity of 3.46 kg ha−1 yr−1. We recorded the highest values of catch per unit effort in 2006, with an annual average of 9.69 kg fisherman−1 day−1. A total of 27 morphospecies were captured during the sample period; carp, traíra, mandi and jundiá together accounted for almost 60% of the catch. This finding indicates that fishing is centered on the capture of sedentary and short-distance migratory species. Despite their lower abundance, long-distance migratory species continue to be captured. The case of the piracanjuba, a long-distance migratory species reintroduced to the region in 2004 and still present in the catches, is particularly noteworthy. Regarding the fishermen's socioeconomic profile, all were men, most of who have engaged in the activity for more than eleven years, have a low educational level, fish with the aid of family members and list agriculture as their main economic activity.

scholarly journals Seasonal patterns and diets of wild fish assemblages associated with Mediterranean coastal fish farms

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1153-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Fernandez-Jover ◽  
Pablo Sanchez-Jerez ◽  
Just Tomás Bayle-Sempere ◽  
Carlos Valle ◽  
Tim Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Coastal Fish ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Floating Structures ◽  
Cage Fish

Abstract Fernandez-Jover, D., Sanchez-Jerez, P., Bayle-Sempere, J. T., Valle, C., and Dempster, T. 2008. Seasonal patterns and diets of wild fish assemblages associated with Mediterranean coastal fish farms. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1153–1160. Fish are attracted to floating structures, including coastal cage fish farms, sometimes in dense aggregations. To understand better the influence of aquaculture on wild fish stocks, we carried out seasonal visual censuses around three southwestern Mediterranean farms over 2 years to assess the temporal patterns of the aggregated fish assemblage. In addition, we analysed the diet of the five most abundant species. Aggregations around all farms were large throughout the year, although species composition and abundance differed among farms and seasons. Fish farms are attractive habitats for certain species of wild fish in specific seasons. Adult fish of reproductive size dominated the assemblages, and stomach content analysis revealed that 66–89% of fish of the five most abundant taxa had consumed food pellets lost from the cages. We estimated that wild fish consume up to 10% of the pellets used at farms, indicating that food is a key attractant. Regional monitoring of farm-associated wild fish assemblages could aid management of the interaction of aquaculture and wild fish resources, because changes in feeding behaviour may have consequences for fish populations and local fisheries.

scholarly journals Spawning of migratory fish species between two reservoirs of the upper Uruguay River, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Reynalte-Tataje ◽  
Alex P. O. Nuñer ◽  
Michele C. Nunes ◽  
Valquíria Garcia ◽  
Carolina A. Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
High Water ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Prochilodus Lineatus ◽  
Main River ◽  
Fish Spawning ◽  
Uruguay River ◽  
Salminus Brasiliensis

This study investigated the migratory fish spawning within the reservoirs of the Machadinho and Itá dams (upper Uruguay River, Brazil) and its relationship to environmental variables. Sampling was conducted in the lotic region of the river in two sites between the dams' reservoirs: Uruguay (main river) and Ligeiro (tributary). Sampling included nine consecutive reproductive periods (RP) spanning the period from 2001 to 2010 and was conducted at night on the water surface using cylindrical-conical plankton nets (0.5 mm mesh); environmental variables were also recorded. The spawning of the migratory species Salminus brasiliensis, Prochilodus lineatus, and Steindachneridion scriptum was registered: S. brasiliensis and P. lineatus spawned in the tributary river at the end of spring/beginning of summer, during flooding and during periods of high water temperature. Steindachneridion scriptum spawned in the main river at the beginning of spring. The study showed that S. brasiliensis, P. lineatus, and S. scriptum are able to spawn in small lotic river stretches within two reservoirs, but only under very specific and not common environmental conditions.

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