scholarly journals Longitudinal effects of physical activity on self-efficacy and cognitive processing of active and sedentary elderly women

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Sofia Rosanti ◽  
Guilherme Elias da Silva ◽  
Flávia Heloísa Santos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT Previous studies support that regular physical activity in aging contributes as a protective factor against cognitive decline and improves mood states. However, there is a lack of longitudinal studies in this area. Objective: To observe possible changes in cognition related with physical activity. Methods: This study reassessed, after one-year period, 31 elderly women divided into two groups, sedentary versus active, using behavioral scales and cognitive tests. Results: The active group exhibited significantly enhanced performance in general cognitive function, particularly on tasks of episodic memory and praxis, and also on the mood states scale compared to the sedentary group. The active women also reported higher self-efficacy. Conclusion: Long-term physical activity promoted improvement on quality of life in the elderly women.

scholarly journals The Association between Physical Activity and Selected Parameters of Psychological Status and Dementia in Older Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7549
Author(s):  
Angelika Cisek-Woźniak ◽  
Kinga Mruczyk ◽  
Rafał W. Wójciak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
The Impact

Physical activity has an unquestionable impact on broadly understood human health. One interesting issue related to this is the importance of movement on mental health and cognitive functioning. Research shows that regular physical activity improves the cognitive functioning of adults and people with mental disorders. Regular physical activity can be an important and powerful protective factor in cognitive impairment and dementia in the elderly, and exercise is an important non-pharmacological treatment for mild cognitive impairment or neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to present the impact of physical activity on selected cognitive functions in physically active women over 60 years of age. The research was carried out in a group of 110 generally healthy women from the area of western Poland over 60 years of age, who were divided into four groups based on the intensity of their physical activity. A pedometer (sport watch) and a physical activity diary were used to measure physical activity. Body Mass Index was assessed. Selected cognitive functions were assessed using the MMSE test, motor and psychomotor skills were measured, and Luria’s auditory memory test and recall test, a clock drawing test, and a GDS test were performed. There were statistically significant relationships between the level of physical activity and the effectiveness of cognitive processes. These results show that about 5000 steps a day is enough to see a positive effect on the mental health and cognitive functioning of this group of the elderly population. The women had an average BMI of 28.1 ± 4.7. BMI, indicating an overweight condition (over 30 kg/m2), was observed in 31% of women. The results of this study lead the authors to conclude that physical activity positively influences cognitive function and can be recommended for all seniors who do not have other serious comorbidities that would prevent them from playing sports.

scholarly journals Home-based exercise with telemonitoring guidance in patients with coronary artery disease: Does it improve long-term physical fitness?

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Avila ◽  
Jomme Claes ◽  
Roselien Buys ◽  
May Azzawi ◽  
Luc Vanhees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
One Year

Background Home-based interventions might facilitate the lifelong uptake of a physically active lifestyle following completion of a supervised phase II exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. Yet, data on the long-term effectiveness of home-based exercise training on physical activity and exercise capacity are scarce. Objective The purpose of the TeleRehabilitation in Coronary Heart disease (TRiCH) study was to compare the long-term effects of a short home-based phase III exercise programme with telemonitoring guidance to a prolonged centre-based phase III programme in coronary artery disease patients. The primary outcome was exercise capacity. Secondary outcomes included physical activity behaviour, cardiovascular risk profile and health-related quality of life. Methods Ninety coronary artery disease patients (80 men) were randomly assigned to 3 months of home-based (30), centre-based (30) or a control group (30) on a 1:1:1 basis after completion of their phase II ambulatory cardiac rehabilitation programme. Outcome measures were assessed at discharge of the phase II programme and after one year. Results Eighty patients (72 (91%) men; mean age 62.6 years) completed the one-year follow-up measurements. Exercise capacity and secondary outcomes were preserved in all three groups ( Ptime > 0.05 for all), irrespective of the intervention ( Pinteraction > 0.05 for all). Eighty-five per cent of patients met the international guidelines for physical activity ( Ptime < 0.05). No interaction effect was found for physical activity. Conclusion Overall, exercise capacity remained stable during one year following phase II cardiac rehabilitation. Our home-based exercise intervention was as effective as centre-based and did not result in higher levels of exercise capacity and physical activity compared to the other two interventions. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02047942. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02047942

scholarly journals Association between Socioeconomic Status, Physical Health and Need for Long-term Care among the Chinese Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanlei Kong ◽  
Lingzhong Xu ◽  
Mei Kong ◽  
Shixue Li ◽  
Chengchao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Chinese Elderly ◽  
Men And Women

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), physical health and the need for long-term care (NLTC) of the Chinese elderly, and further, to provide evidence-based advice for establishing an LTC system in China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shandong Province, China in 2017 by using multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected from elderly individuals aged 60 years and older by self-designed questionnaires through face-to face interviews. A total of 7070 participants were finally included in the database (40.3% male, 59.7% female). Chi-square test analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to clarify the association between SES, physical health and NLTC among the Chinese elderly men and women in Shandong Province. The results of the SEM analysis showed that physical health exerted a strong and negative effect on the NLTC for both genders, with a slightly stronger effect found among the elderly men. SES was found to be significantly and negatively related to the NLTC among the elderly women, while no statistical significance was found for the association between SES and NLTC for elderly men. A significant and positive association between SES and physical health was observed among the elderly men and women, with a slightly stronger effect among the elderly women. Implications for lowering the NLTC and developing an LTC system were addressed based on the findings above.

Aerobic Exercise in the Psychological Treatment of Adolescents

1992 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella W. Brown ◽  
M. Cay Welsh ◽  
Elise E. Labbé ◽  
William F. Vitulli ◽  
Pandu Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Activity Class ◽  
Institutionalized Adolescents ◽  
Complete Program

A small group of psychiatrically institutionalized adolescents (16 boys, 11 girls) were assigned to a three-day-per-week running/aerobic exercise program or a regular physical activity class. The complete program continued over 9 weeks, with 11 subjects remaining throughout the program. Dependent measures of body-mass index, timed performance on a one-mile run, resting, exercise, and recovery heart rates, and measures of depression, mood-states, and self-efficacy were assessed pre-, mid-, and post-9-wk. treatment and at a 4-wk. follow-up. Improvements in depression, anxiety, hostility, confused thinking, and fatigue were shown in treated girls, with increases in vigor and self-efficacy for all treated subjects.

scholarly journals Poverty, old age and gender in nineteenth-century England: the case of Hertfordshire

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIGEL GOOSE
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
And Gender

This article examines the relative incidence of poverty among the elderly in nineteenth-century Hertfordshire with special reference to gender. Both national and local sources are employed to highlight the particular difficulties experienced by the elderly, male poor under the New Poor Law, and the short and long term problems they faced as a result of seasonal unemployment and an overstocked labour market. For elderly women, the extent to which their poverty was relieved by employment in cottage industry, almshouse accommodation, the continuing receipt of out-relief and a higher incidence of family support are examined to provide an assessment of the manner in which poverty was gendered in the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Improving Physical Activity mHealth Interventions: Development of a Computational Model of Self-Efficacy Theory to Define Adaptive Goals for Exercise Promotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Baretta ◽  
Fabio Sartori ◽  
Andrea Greco ◽  
Marco D’Addario ◽  
Riccardo Melen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Activity Promotion

The practice of regular physical exercise is a protective factor against noncommunicable diseases and premature mortality. In spite of that, large part of the population does not meet physical activity guidelines and many individuals live a sedentary life. Recent technological progresses and the widespread adoption of mobile technology, such as smartphone and wearables, have opened the way to the development of digital behaviour change interventions targeting physical activity promotion. Such interventions would greatly benefit from the inclusion of computational models framed on behaviour change theories and model-based reasoning. However, research on these topics is still at its infancy. The current paper presents a smartphone application and wearable device system called Muoviti! that targets physical activity promotion among adults not meeting the recommended physical activity guidelines. Specifically, we propose a computational model of behaviour change, grounded on the social cognitive theory of self-efficacy. The purpose of the computational model is to dynamically integrate information referring to individuals’ self-efficacy beliefs and physical activity behaviour in order to define exercising goals that adapt to individuals’ changes over time. The paper presents (i) the theoretical constructs that informed the development of the computational model, (ii) an overview of Muoviti! describing the system dynamics, the graphical user interface, the adopted measures and the intervention design, and (iii) the computational model based on Dynamic Decision Network. We conclude by presenting early results from an experimental study.

scholarly journals Improvement of Attention, Executive Functions, and Processing Speed in Elderly Women as a Result of Involvement in the Nordic Walking Training Program and Vitamin D Supplementation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Lipowski ◽  
Tamara Walczak-Kozłowska ◽  
Małgorzata Lipowska ◽  
Jakub Kortas ◽  
Jędrzej Antosiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Cognitive Processing Speed

Research indicates that life satisfaction declines with age, and cognitive abilities are gradually reduced—mainly attentional functioning and cognitive processing speed. Therefore, scientists seek to find protective factors and test possible intervention programs; moderately intensive physical activity stands out as particularly promising. In this context, we evaluated the influence of Nordic Walking training supported by vitamin D supplementation (as this nutrient is especially deficient in older people in Poland) on the cognitive and psychological functioning of elderly women. A total of 52 healthy elderly women took part in a Nordic Walking training program complemented by vitamin D supplementation. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Trail Making Test and the D2 Test of Attention. Quality of life and severity of depressive symptoms were measured with the Short Form Health Survey and the Beck Depression Inventory 2. Significant improvements in all aspects of cognitive functioning was observed (p = 0.01–0.47). The study also showed a decrease in depressive symptoms (p = 0.026). Physical activity and adequate levels of vitamin D can be the key factors in maintaining self-reliance in old age. Involvement in Nordic Walking training, supported by vitamin D supplementation, can strengthen the cognitive functioning of older people—reflected in higher attentional capabilities, better executive functions, and improved cognitive processing speed.

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