scholarly journals Genetic heterogeneity of Escherichia coli isolated from pasteurized milk in State of Paraná, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Oltramari ◽  
Rosilene Fressati Cardoso ◽  
Eliana Valéria Patussi ◽  
Adolfo Carlos Barreto Santos ◽  
Jane Martha Graton Mikcha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Northwestern Region

Food contamination caused by enteric pathogens is a major cause of diarrheal disease worldwide, resulting in high morbidity and mortality and significant economic losses. Bacteria are important agents of foodborne diseases, particularly diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. The present study assessed the genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from pasteurized milk processed in 21 dairies in northwestern State of Parana, Brazil. The 95 E. coli isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and assessed genotypically by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR). The highest rate of resistance was observed for cephalothin (55.78%). ERIC-PCR revealed high genetic diversity, clustering the 95 bacterial isolates into 90 different genotypic patterns. These results showed a heterogeneous population of E. coli in milk samples produced in the northwestern region of Paraná and the need for good manufacturing practices throughout the processing of pasteurized milk to reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.

scholarly journals Transmission of IncN Plasmids Carrying blaCTX-M-1 between Commensal Escherichia coli in Pigs and Farm Workers

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshnee Moodley ◽  
Luca Guardabassi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Cephalosporin Resistance ◽  
Human Animal

ABSTRACT CTX-M-1-producing Escherichia coli were isolated from 56 pigs, three farm personnel, two manure samples, and two air samples from two Danish pig farms where an association between prophylactic ceftiofur use and the occurrence of cephalosporin resistance was previously demonstrated. Human, animal, and environmental strains displayed high genetic diversity but harbored indistinguishable or closely related IncN plasmids carrying bla CTX-M-1, indicating that IncN plasmids mediating cephalosporin resistance were transmitted between pigs and farm workers across multiple E. coli lineages.

scholarly journals Genotypic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia Coli Isolated From Pigs in Hubei, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyue Li ◽  
Zewen Liu ◽  
Ningning Wang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Ting Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Growth Delay ◽  
E Coli

Abstract BackgroundIntestinal infections with Escherichia coli (E. coli) are mostly occur in piglets between 1~10 days old, which major lead to diarrhea and edema in newborn piglets. These diseases caused by E. coli can increase mortality, morbidity and growth delay of piglets, which are responsible for economic losses. In this study was to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, transmission mechanisms, and molecular epidemiology of E. coli strains isolated from pig farms in Hubei province. Furthermore, clonal and genetic diversity of isolates were identified. ResultsA total of 29 E. coli isolates were obtained from fecal of weaned piglets from Hubei province. The E. coli isolates in different regions demonstrate different genetic diversity. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) presented that ST165 was the common sequence type, accounting for 27.6% of all E. coli isolates, followed by ST744, ST1081, ST101 and ST10. All of the isolates were resistant to the tested antibiotics to vary degrees, and more than 80% of E. coli isolates presented high resistance rates to ampicillin, lincomycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, sulfaisoxazole and ampicillin. There was one E. coli strain that was resistant to the fifteen antimicrobial agents tested. Overall, most of the isolates were conferring resistance to 5-7 antimicrobial agents tested.ConclusionsOur study reported E. coli isolates with high antimicrobial resistance and explores the genetic diversity of E. coli isolated from swine-origin. From the results obtained it can be concluded that these isolates present high prevalent multi-drug resistance. These data provide a greater understanding of the genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli.

scholarly journals Identification and Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157: H7 in Foods

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Ancuta Mihaela Rotar ◽  
Cristina Anamaria Semeniuc ◽  
Sorin Apostu ◽  
Carmen Pop ◽  
Mihaela Duma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Minced Meat

The objective of this study is to investigate the incidence of Escherichia coli in animal and non-animal foods, and mainly the incidence of the serotype O157: H7 producing verotoxin. The presence of common Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157: H7 in various foods (of animal and non animal origin) was performed in Transylvania area. We analyzed a total of one hundred forty-one samples of minced meat, one hundred twenty-six samples of meat , twenty six samples of meat products, five samples of alcoholic beverages, three samples of seafood, one hundred samples of cheese from pasteurized milk, seventeen samples of butter, four samples of vegetables and one sample of milk powder, using the standard cultural method and Vidas Eco method for E. coli O157: H7 strains. E. coli was identified in 50 samples of minced meat, 55 samples of meat prepared, 4 samples of meat products, 2 samples of alcoholic beverages, 25 samples of cheese from pasteurized milk, 6 samples of butter and 1 sample of vegetables. In this study were not been identified any foods contaminated with the E. coli O157: H7 serotype. The results of this reasearch have demostrated that E. coli wich represents a hygienic indicator of recent food contamination, can be destroyed with heat treatment and hygienic handling of foods. Our country over the years has been among the few countries where the incidence of the E. coli O157: H7 serotype has been minimal.

Potential Public Health Significance of Non-Escherichia coli Coliforms in Food

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT M. TWEDT ◽  
BRENDA K. BOUTIN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Potential Health Hazard ◽  
Health Significance

Several coliform species other than Escherichia coli are often associated with and possibly responsible for acute and chronic diarrheal disease. Recent evidence suggests that non-Escherichia coli coliforms may be capable of colonizing the human intestine and producing enterotoxin(s) in high-yield. Whether these organisms are newly capable of causing disease because of infestation with extrachromosomal factors mediating pathogenicity or simply because of inherent pathogenic capabilities that have gone unrecognized, they pose a potential health hazard. Food, medical, and public health microbiologists should be aware that the non-E. coli coliforms contaminating foods may be potential enteropathogens. This possibility may make determination of their pathogenic capabilities even more important than identification of their taxonomic characteristics.

scholarly journals Genomic Avenue to Avian Colisepticemia

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagi Huja ◽  
Yaara Oren ◽  
Eva Trost ◽  
Elzbieta Brzuszkiewicz ◽  
Dvora Biran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Type 3 Secretion System ◽  
Type 3

ABSTRACTHere we present an extensive genomic and genetic analysis of Escherichia coli strains of serotype O78 that represent the major cause of avian colisepticemia, an invasive infection caused by avian pathogenicEscherichia coli(APEC) strains. It is associated with high mortality and morbidity, resulting in significant economic consequences for the poultry industry. To understand the genetic basis of the virulence of avian septicemic E. coli, we sequenced the entire genome of a clinical isolate of serotype O78—O78:H19 ST88 isolate 789 (O78-9)—and compared it with three publicly available APEC O78 sequences and one complete genome of APEC serotype O1 strain. Although there was a large variability in genome content between the APEC strains, several genes were conserved, which are potentially critical for colisepticemia. Some of these genes are present in multiple copies per genome or code for gene products with overlapping function, signifying their importance. A systematic deletion of each of these virulence-related genes identified three systems that are conserved in all septicemic strains examined and are critical for serum survival, a prerequisite for septicemia. These are the plasmid-encoded protein, the defective ETT2 (E. colitype 3 secretion system 2) type 3 secretion system ETT2sepsis, and iron uptake systems. Strain O78-9 is the only APEC O78 strain that also carried the regulon coding for yersiniabactin, the iron binding system of theYersiniahigh-pathogenicity island. Interestingly, this system is the only one that cannot be complemented by other iron uptake systems under iron limitation and in serum.IMPORTANCEAvian colisepticemia is a severe systemic disease of birds causing high morbidity and mortality and resulting in severe economic losses. The bacteria associated with avian colisepticemia are highly antibiotic resistant, making antibiotic treatment ineffective, and there is no effective vaccine due to the multitude of serotypes involved. To understand the disease and work out strategies to combat it, we performed an extensive genomic and genetic analysis of Escherichia coli strains of serotype O78, the major cause of the disease. We identified several potential virulence factors, conserved in all the colisepticemic strains examined, and determined their contribution to growth in serum, an absolute requirement for septicemia. These findings raise the possibility that specific vaccines or drugs can be developed against these critical virulence factors to help combat this economically important disease.

scholarly journals Genomewide Mutational Diversity in Escherichia coli Population Evolving in Prolonged Stationary Phase

mSphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Chib ◽  
Farhan Ali ◽  
Aswin Sai Narain Seshasayee
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Model System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neutral Drift ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Evolution By Natural Selection ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Prolonged stationary phase in bacteria, contrary to its name, is highly dynamic, with extreme nutrient limitation as a predominant stress. Stationary-phase cultures adapt by rapidly selecting a mutation(s) that confers a growth advantage in stationary phase (GASP). The phenotypic diversity of starving E. coli populations has been studied in detail; however, only a few mutations that accumulate in prolonged stationary phase have been described. This study documented the spectrum of mutations appearing in Escherichia coli during 28 days of prolonged starvation. The genetic diversity of the population increases over time in stationary phase to an extent that cannot be explained by random, neutral drift. This suggests that prolonged stationary phase offers a great model system to study adaptive evolution by natural selection. Prolonged stationary phase is an approximation of natural environments presenting a range of stresses. Survival in prolonged stationary phase requires alternative metabolic pathways for survival. This study describes the repertoire of mutations accumulating in starving Escherichia coli populations in lysogeny broth. A wide range of mutations accumulates over the course of 1 month in stationary phase. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) constitute 64% of all mutations. A majority of these mutations are nonsynonymous and are located at conserved loci. There is an increase in genetic diversity in the evolving populations over time. Computer simulations of evolution in stationary phase suggest that the maximum frequency of mutations observed in our experimental populations cannot be explained by neutral drift. Moreover, there is frequent genetic parallelism across populations, suggesting that these mutations are under positive selection. Finally, functional analysis of mutations suggests that regulatory mutations are frequent targets of selection. IMPORTANCE Prolonged stationary phase in bacteria, contrary to its name, is highly dynamic, with extreme nutrient limitation as a predominant stress. Stationary-phase cultures adapt by rapidly selecting a mutation(s) that confers a growth advantage in stationary phase (GASP). The phenotypic diversity of starving E. coli populations has been studied in detail; however, only a few mutations that accumulate in prolonged stationary phase have been described. This study documented the spectrum of mutations appearing in Escherichia coli during 28 days of prolonged starvation. The genetic diversity of the population increases over time in stationary phase to an extent that cannot be explained by random, neutral drift. This suggests that prolonged stationary phase offers a great model system to study adaptive evolution by natural selection.

scholarly journals High genetic diversity of nitrofurantoin- or mecillinam-resistant Escherichia coli indicates low propensity for clonal spread

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1974-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna O. Poulsen ◽  
Anders Johansson ◽  
Susanne Granholm ◽  
Gunnar Kahlmeter ◽  
Martin Sundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Clonal Spread

scholarly journals Effects of Trp- and Arg-Containing Antimicrobial-Peptide Structure on Inhibition of Escherichia coli Planktonic Growth and Biofilm Formation

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1967-1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyu Hou ◽  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Anne W. Young ◽  
Sheron L. Mark ◽  
Neville R. Kallenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Peptide Structure ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Planktonic Growth ◽  
Biofilm Dispersion

ABSTRACT Biofilms are sessile microbial communities that cause serious chronic infections with high morbidity and mortality. In order to develop more effective approaches for biofilm control, a series of linear cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with various arginine (Arg or R) and tryptophan (Trp or W) repeats [(RW) n -NH2, where n = 2, 3, or 4] were rigorously compared to correlate their structures with antimicrobial activities affecting the planktonic growth and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli. The chain length of AMPs appears to be important for inhibition of bacterial planktonic growth, since the hexameric and octameric peptides significantly inhibited E. coli growth, while tetrameric peptide did not cause noticeable inhibition. In addition, all AMPs except the tetrameric peptide significantly reduced E. coli biofilm surface coverage and the viability of biofilm cells, when added at inoculation. In addition to inhibition of biofilm formation, significant killing of biofilm cells was observed after a 3-hour treatment of preformed biofilms with hexameric peptide. Interestingly, treatment with the octameric peptide caused significant biofilm dispersion without apparent killing of biofilm cells that remained on the surface; e.g., the surface coverage was reduced by 91.5 ± 3.5% by 200 μM octameric peptide. The detached biofilm cells, however, were effectively killed by this peptide. Overall, these results suggest that hexameric and octameric peptides are potent inhibitors of both bacterial planktonic growth and biofilm formation, while the octameric peptide can also disperse existing biofilms and kill the detached cells. These results are helpful for designing novel biofilm inhibitors and developing more effective therapeutic methods.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Escherichia coli recovered from the oral cavity of beef cattle and their relatedness to faecal E. coli

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aslam ◽  
G.G. Greer ◽  
F.M. Nattress ◽  
C.O. Gill ◽  
L.M. McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
E Coli
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