Genotypic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia Coli Isolated From Pigs in Hubei, China

Abstract BackgroundIntestinal infections with Escherichia coli (E. coli) are mostly occur in piglets between 1~10 days old, which major lead to diarrhea and edema in newborn piglets. These diseases caused by E. coli can increase mortality, morbidity and growth delay of piglets, which are responsible for economic losses. In this study was to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, transmission mechanisms, and molecular epidemiology of E. coli strains isolated from pig farms in Hubei province. Furthermore, clonal and genetic diversity of isolates were identified. ResultsA total of 29 E. coli isolates were obtained from fecal of weaned piglets from Hubei province. The E. coli isolates in different regions demonstrate different genetic diversity. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) presented that ST165 was the common sequence type, accounting for 27.6% of all E. coli isolates, followed by ST744, ST1081, ST101 and ST10. All of the isolates were resistant to the tested antibiotics to vary degrees, and more than 80% of E. coli isolates presented high resistance rates to ampicillin, lincomycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, sulfaisoxazole and ampicillin. There was one E. coli strain that was resistant to the fifteen antimicrobial agents tested. Overall, most of the isolates were conferring resistance to 5-7 antimicrobial agents tested.ConclusionsOur study reported E. coli isolates with high antimicrobial resistance and explores the genetic diversity of E. coli isolated from swine-origin. From the results obtained it can be concluded that these isolates present high prevalent multi-drug resistance. These data provide a greater understanding of the genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli.

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Susceptibility and Multidrug Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Isolated from Cloacal Swabs of Live Broiler Chickens in Bangladesh

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens8030118 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 118 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Muha. Ajijur Rahman Al Azad ◽

Md. Masudur Rahman ◽

Ruhul Amin ◽

Mst. Ismat Ara Begum ◽

Reinhard Fries ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

E Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Gene ◽

Resistance Patterns

Antimicrobial resistance is a major health problem, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh, where there is a paucity of information on resistance patterns and prevalence of antimicrobial determinants. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of resistance, including multi-drug resistance (MDR), and the associated genetic determinants in Escherichia coli isolates from cloacal swabs of live broiler chickens in Bangladesh. Altogether, 400 cloacal swabs (200 from Rajshahi and 200 from Dhaka divisions) were randomly collected from individual chickens in 50 broiler farms. E. coli was isolated and identified using conventional bacteriological culture and biochemical methods. The isolates were further confirmed using genus-specific 16S rRNAtargeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and MDR of the isolates against nine different antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, colistin sulphate, and streptomycin) were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Resistance determinants of E. coli to ampicillin (blaTEM), streptomycin (aadA1), erythromycin [ere(A)], trimethoprim (dfrA1), and tetracycline [tet(A), tet(B)] were screened using PCR. Our results showed that all swab samples were positive for E. coli. The isolates were uniformly resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. The isolates exhibited highest susceptibility to colistin sulphate (73.5%), followed by gentamicin (49%), and levofloxacin (17%). All isolates were resistant to three classes of antibiotics, 204 isolates (51%) were resistant to four classes, and 56 isolates (14%) were resistant to five. The highest prevalence of antimicrobial resistance gene was recorded for tetracycline (tet(A):95.25%; tet(B):95.25%) followed by ampicillin (blaTEM:91.25%), streptomycin (aadA1:88.25%), erythromycin (ere(A):84.75%), and trimethoprim (dfrA1:65.5%). In conclusion, surveillance for MDR bacteria in poultry is a critical piece of knowledge, which would be useful for optimizing empiric antimicrobial treatments and exploring alternative antimicrobial agents.

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A One Health Comparative Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance in Generic and Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli from Beef Production, Sewage and Clinical Settings

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8060885 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 885 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emelia H. Adator ◽

Claudia Narvaez-Bravo ◽

Rahat Zaheer ◽

Shaun R. Cook ◽

Lisa Tymensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

One Health ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Beef Production ◽

E Coli ◽

Beef Processing ◽

Extended Spectrum

This study aimed to compare antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant and generic Escherichia coli from a One Health continuum of the beef production system in Alberta, Canada. A total of 705 extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant E. coli (ESCr) were obtained from: cattle feces (CFeces, n = 382), catch basins (CBasins, n = 137), surrounding streams (SStreams, n = 59), beef processing plants (BProcessing, n = 4), municipal sewage (MSewage; n = 98) and human clinical specimens (CHumans, n = 25). Generic isolates (663) included: CFeces (n = 142), CBasins (n = 185), SStreams (n = 81), BProcessing (n = 159) and MSewage (n = 96). All isolates were screened for antimicrobial susceptibility to 9 antimicrobials and two clavulanic acid combinations. In ESCr, oxytetracycline (87.7%), ampicillin (84.4%) and streptomycin (73.8%) resistance phenotypes were the most common, with source influencing AMR prevalence (p < 0.001). In generic E. coli, oxytetracycline (51.1%), streptomycin (22.6%), ampicillin (22.5%) and sulfisoxazole (14.3%) resistance were most common. Overall, 88.8% of ESCr, and 26.7% of generic isolates exhibited multi-drug resistance (MDR). MDR in ESCr was high from all sources: CFeces (97.1%), MSewage (96.9%), CHumans (96%), BProcessing (100%), CBasins (70.5%) and SStreams (61.4%). MDR in generic E. coli was lower with CFeces (45.1%), CBasins (34.6%), SStreams (23.5%), MSewage (13.6%) and BProcessing (10.7%). ESBL phenotypes were confirmed in 24.7% (n = 174) ESCr and 0.6% of generic E. coli. Prevalence of bla genes in ESCr were blaCTXM (30.1%), blaCTXM-1 (21.6%), blaTEM (20%), blaCTXM-9 (7.9%), blaOXA (3.0%), blaCTXM-2 (6.4%), blaSHV (1.4%) and AmpC β-lactamase blaCMY (81.3%). The lower AMR in ESCr from SStreams and BProcessing and higher AMR in CHumans and CFeces likely reflects antimicrobial use in these environments. Although MDR levels were higher in ESCr as compared to generic E. coli, AMR to the same antimicrobials ranked high in both ESCr and generic E. coli sub-populations. This suggests that both sub-populations reflect similar AMR trends and are equally useful for AMR surveillance. Considering that MDR ESCr MSewage isolates were obtained without enrichment, while those from CFeces were obtained with enrichment, MSewage may serve as a hot spot for MDR emergence and dissemination.

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Impact of Feed Supplementation with Antimicrobial Agents on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens, Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus Counts, and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes and Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli Isolates

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01086-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 73 (20) ◽

pp. 6566-6576 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Moussa S. Diarra ◽

Fred G. Silversides ◽

Fatoumata Diarrassouba ◽

Jane Pritchard ◽

Luke Masson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Feed Supplementation ◽

E Coli ◽

Resistance Determinants ◽

Class 1

ABSTRACT The effects of feed supplementation with the approved antimicrobial agents bambermycin, penicillin, salinomycin, and bacitracin or a combination of salinomycin plus bacitracin were evaluated for the incidence and distribution of antibiotic resistance in 197 commensal Escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens over 35 days. All isolates showed some degree of multiple antibiotic resistance. Resistance to tetracycline (68.5%), amoxicillin (61.4%), ceftiofur (51.3%), spectinomycin (47.2%), and sulfonamides (42%) was most frequent. The levels of resistance to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin were 33.5, 35.5, and 25.3%, respectively. The overall resistance levels decreased from day 7 to day 35 (P < 0.001). Comparing treatments, the levels of resistance to ceftiofur, spectinomycin, and gentamicin (except for resistance to bacitracin treatment) were significantly higher in isolates from chickens receiving feed supplemented with salinomycin than from the other feeds (P < 0.001). Using a DNA microarray analysis capable of detecting commonly found antimicrobial resistance genes, we characterized 104 tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates from 7- to 28-day-old chickens fed different growth promoters. Results showed a decrease in the incidence of isolates harboring tet(B), bla TEM, sulI, and aadA and class 1 integron from days 7 to 35 (P < 0.01). Of the 84 tetracycline-ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates, 76 (90.5%) were positive for bla CMY-2. The proportions of isolates positive for sulI, aadA, and integron class 1 were significantly higher in salinomycin-treated chickens than in the control or other treatment groups (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that multiantibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates can be found in broiler chickens regardless of the antimicrobial growth promoters used. However, the phenotype and the distribution of resistance determinants in E. coli can be modulated by feed supplementation with some of the antimicrobial agents used in broiler chicken production.

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Genotyping and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from pig carcasses

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2017001100010 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (11) ◽

pp. 1253-1260 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Caroline Pissetti ◽

Gabriela Orosco Werlang ◽

Jalusa Deon Kich ◽

Marisa Cardoso

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Commensal Bacteria ◽

Pfge Analysis ◽

Gene Detection ◽

E Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Pig Carcasses

ABSTRACT: The increasing antimicrobial resistance observed worldwide in bacteria isolated from human and animals is a matter of extreme concern and has led to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic and commensal bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolated from pig carcasses and to assess the occurrence of relevant resistance genes. A total of 319 E. coli isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility against different antimicrobial agents. Moreover, the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and inducible ampC-β-lactamase producers was investigated. Eighteen multi-resistant strains were chosen for resistance gene detection and PFGE characterization. The study showed that resistance to antimicrobials is widespread in E. coli isolated from pig carcasses, since 86.2% of the strains were resistant to at least one antimicrobial and 71.5% displayed multi-resistance profiles. No ampC-producing isolates were detected and only one ESBL-producing E. coli was identified. Genes strA (n=15), floR (n=14), aac(3)IVa (n=13), tetB (n=13), sul2 (n=12), tetA (n=11), aph(3)Ia (n=8) and sul3 (n=5) were detected by PCR. PFGE analysis of these multi-resistant E. coli strains showed less than 80% similarity among them. We conclude that antimicrobial multi-resistant E. coli strains are common on pig carcasses and present highly diverse genotypes and resistance phenotypes and genotypes.

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Molecular characterisation of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrhoeic and healthy rabbits in Tunisia

World Rabbit Science ◽

10.4995/wrs.2020.10879 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Raouia Ben Rhouma ◽

Ahlem Jouini ◽

Amira Klibi ◽

Safa Hamrouni ◽

Aziza Boubaker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽

Virulence Gene ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Class 1 Integron ◽

E Coli ◽

Class 1

The purpose of this study was to identify Escherichia coli isolates in diarrhoeic and healthy rabbits in Tunisia and characterise their virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. In the 2014-2015 period, 60 faecal samples from diarrhoeic and healthy rabbits were collected from different breeding farms in Tunisia. Susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents was tested by disc diffusion method and the mechanisms of gene resistance were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing methods. Forty E. coli isolates were recovered in selective media. High frequency of resistance to tetracycline (95%) was detected, followed by different levels of resistance to sulphonamide (72.5%), streptomycin (62.5%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (60%), nalidixic acid (32.5%), ampicillin (37.5%) and ticarcillin (35%). E. coli strains were susceptible to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and imipenem. Different variants of blaTEM, tet, sul genes were detected in most of the strains resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and sulphonamide, respectively. The presence of class 1 integron was studied in 29 sulphonamide-resistant E. coli strains from which 15 harboured class 1 integron with four different arrangements of gene cassettes, dfrA17+aadA5 (n=9), dfrA1 + aadA1 (n=4), dfrA12 + addA2 (n=1), dfrA12+orf+addA2 (n=1). The qnrB gene was detected in six strains out of 13 quinolone-resistant E. coli strains. Seventeen E. coli isolates from diarrhoeic rabbits harboured the enteropathogenic eae genes associated with different virulence genes tested (fimA, cnf1, aer), and affiliated to B2 (n=8) and D (n=9) phylogroups. Isolated E. coli strains from healthy rabbit were harbouring fim A and/or cnf1 genes and affiliated to A and B1 phylogroups. This study showed that E. coli strains from the intestinal tract of rabbits are resistant to the widely prescribed antibiotics in medicine. Therefore, they constitute a reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant genes, which may play a significant role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. In addition, the eae virulence gene seemed to be implicated in diarrhoea in breeder rabbits in Tunisia.

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Antimicrobial Resistance and Association with Class 1 Integrons in Escherichia coli Isolated from Turkey Meat Products

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-71.8.1679 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 71 (8) ◽

pp. 1679-1684 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. L. KHAITSA ◽

J. OLOYA ◽

D. DOETKOTT ◽

R. KEGODE

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Population Attributable Fraction ◽

Meat Products ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

E Coli ◽

Class 1 Integrons ◽

Turkey Meat ◽

Class 1

The objective of this study was to quantify the role of class 1 integrons in antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from turkey meat products purchased from retail outlets in the Midwestern United States. Of 242 E. coli isolates, 41.3% (102 of 242) tested positive for class 1 integrons. A significant association was shown between presence of class 1 integrons in E. coli isolates and the resistance to tetracycline, ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, sulfisoxazole, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Attributable risk analysis revealed that for every 100 E. coli isolates carrying class 1 integrons, resistance was demonstrated for ampicillin (22%), gentamycin (48%), streptomycin (29%), sulfisoxazole (40%), trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (7%), and tetracycline (26%). Non–integron-related antimicrobial resistance was demonstrated for ampicillin (65%), gentamycin (16.9%), streptomycin (42.1%), sulfisoxazole (35.8%), and tetracycline (49.7%). Population-attributable fraction analysis showed that class 1 integrons accounted for the following resistances: gentamycin, 71% (50 of 71), amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, 19.6% (6 of 33), nalidixic acid, 34% (7 of 21), streptomycin, 28% (30 of 107), sulfisoxazole, 38% (40 of 106), and tetracycline, 14%, (26 of 185). In conclusion, although class 1 integrons have been implicated in resistance to antimicrobial agents, other non–integron resistance mechanisms seem to play an important part.

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Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated from Untreated Surface Waters

The Open Microbiology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874285801307010009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 9-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kristopher J Janezic ◽

Blake Ferry ◽

Eric W Hendricks ◽

Brian A Janiga ◽

Tiffany Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Virulence Gene ◽

Genotypic Diversity ◽

Housekeeping Gene ◽

Polymyxin B ◽

Fecal Coliforms ◽

E Coli

A common member of the intestinal microbiota in humans and animals isEscherichia coli. Based on the presence of virulence factors,E. colican be potentially pathogenic. The focus of this study was to isolateE. colifrom untreated surface waters (37 sites) in Illinois and Missouri and determine phenotypic and genotypic diversity among isolates. Water samples positive for fecal coliforms based on the Colisure®test were streaked directly onto Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar (37°C) or transferred to EC broth (44.5°C). EC broth cultures producing gas were then streaked onto EMB agar. Forty-five isolates were identified asE. coliusing API 20E and Enterotube II identification systems, and some phenotypic variation was observed in metabolism and fermentation. Antibiotic susceptibility of each isolate was also determined using the Kirby-Bauer Method. Differential responses to 10 antimicrobial agents were seen with 7, 16, 2, and 9 of the isolates resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, tetracycline, and triple sulfonamide, respectively. All of the isolates were susceptible or intermediate to amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, polymyxin B, gentamicin, imipenem, and nalidixic acid. Genotypic variation was assessed through multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for four virulence genes (stx1andstx2[shiga toxin],eaeA[intimin]; andhlyA[enterohemolysin]) and one housekeeping gene (uidA[β-D-glucuronidase]). Genotypic variation was observed with two of the isolates possessing the virulence gene (eaeA) for intimin. These findings increase our understanding of the diversity ofE. coliin the environment which will ultimately help in the assessment of this organism and its role in public health.

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Detection of Multiple-Antimicrobial Resistance and Characterization of the Implicated Genes in Escherichia coli Isolates from Foods of Animal Origin in Tunis

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-72.5.1082 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 1082-1088 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

AHLEM JOUINI ◽

KARIM BEN SLAMA ◽

YOLANDA SÁENZ ◽

NAOUEL KLIBI ◽

DANIELA COSTA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Food Samples ◽

Animal Origin ◽

E Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Class 1 ◽

Agar Dilution

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance was conducted for 98 Escherichia coli isolates recovered from 40 food samples of animal origin (poultry, sheep, beef, fish, and others) obtained in supermarkets and local butcheries in Tunis during 2004 and 2005. Susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents was tested by disk diffusion and agar dilution methods, the mechanisms of resistance were evaluated using PCR and sequencing methods, and the clonal relationship among isolates was evaluated using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. High resistance was detected to tetracycline, sulphonamides, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, streptomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (29 to 43% of isolates), but all isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoxitin, azthreonam, and amikacin. One-third of the isolates had multiresistant phenotypes (resistance to at least five different families of antimicrobial agents). Different variants of blaTEM, tet, sul, dfrA, aadA, and aac(3) genes were detected in most of the strains resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, sulphonamide, trimethoprim, streptomycin, and gentamicin, respectively. The presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons was studied in 15 sulphonamide-resistant unrelated E. coli strains, and 14 of these strains harbored class 1 integrons with five different arrangements of gene cassettes, and a class 2 integron with the dfrA1 + sat + aadA1 arrangement was found in one strain. This study revealed the high diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes, some of them included in integrons, in E. coli isolates of food origin.

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Antimicrobial resistance and metallo-beta-lactamase producing among commensal Escherichia coli isolates from healthy children of Khuzestan and Fars provinces; Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-45361/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fahimeh Mahmoodi ◽

Seyedeh Elham Rezatofighi ◽

Mohammad Reza Akhoond

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Great Ability ◽

E Coli ◽

Plasmid Profiling

Abstract Background: The emergence of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing isolates is alarming since they carry mobile genetic elements with great ability to spread; therefore, early detection of these isolates, particularly their reservoir, is crucial to prevent their inter- and intra-care setting dissemination and establish suitable antimicrobial therapies. The current study was designed to evaluate the frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), MBL producers and identification of MBL resistance genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from fecal samples of the healthy children under three years old. A total of 412 fecal E. coli isolates were collected from October 2017 to December 2018. The study population included healthy infants and children aged <3 years who did not exhibit symptoms of any diseases, especially gastrointestinal diseases. E. coli isolates were assessed to determine the pattern of AMR. E. coli isolates were assessed to determine the pattern of AMR, the production of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and MBL by phenotypic methods. Carbapenem-resistant isolates were investigated for the presence of MBL and carbapenemase genes, plasmid profiling, and the ability of conjugation.Results: In sum, AMR, multi-drug resistance (MDR) and ESBL production were observed in more than 54.9%, 36.2% and 11.7% of commensal E. coli isolates, respectively. Out of six isolates resistant to imipenem and meropenem, four isolates were phenotypically detected as MBL producers. Two and one E. coli strains carried the blaNDM-1 and blaVIM-2 genes, respectively and were able to transmit imipenem resistance through conjugation. Conclusion: Our findings showed that children not exposed to antibiotics can be colonized by E. coli isolates resistant to the commonly used antimicrobial compounds and can be a good indicator for the occurrence and prevalence of AMR in the community. These bacteria can act as a potential reservoir of AMR genes including MBL genes of pathogenic bacteria and lead to the dissemination of resistance mechanisms to other bacteria.

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Antimicrobial resistance of non-clinical Escherichia coli strains from chicken in Nsukka, South-east Nigeria.

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v30i1.1840 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 101-106

Author(s):

K. F. Chah ◽

S. C. Okafor ◽

S. I. Oboegbulem

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Sensitivity Tests ◽

Resistance Patterns

This study was carried out to determine resistance profiles of Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinically healthy chickens in Nsukka, southeast Nigeria. A total of 324 E. coli strains isolated from cloaca swabs from 390 chickens were tested against 16 antimicrobial agents using the disc diffusion method. The antibiotics used in the study were: ampicillin (25µg), amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (30µg), gentamicin (10µg), Streptomycin (30µg). cefuroxime (20µg), cephalexin (10µg), nalidixic acid (30µg), ciprofloxacin (5µg), norfloxacin (10µg), ofloxacin (5µg), pefloxacin (5µg), tetracycline (30µg), chloramphenicol (10µg), cotrimoxazole (50µg), colistin (25µg) and nitrofurantoin (100µg).The strains demonstrated high rates of resistance (34.6% 66.1%) to ampicillin, tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, cefuroxime and cotrimoxazole. None of the isolates was resistant to colistin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin. For each antimicrobial agent (except cephalexin), strains from the intensively reared chickens (layers and broilers) displayed higher resistance frequencies than those from the local birds. A total of 49 resistant patterns were recorded for the 228 strains resistant to at least one antimicrobial drug, with AmTeCoS and AmTeCfN being the predominant patterns. Because of the great variation in the drug resistance patterns of the Escherichia coli strains, use of antimicrobial agents in the management of E. coli infections in the study area should be based on results of sensitivity tests.

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