Is Consanguinity an Impediment to Improving Human Development Outcomes?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Mete ◽  
Laurent Bossavie ◽  
John Giles ◽  
Harold Alderman
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Development Outcomes

Financing Sustainable Development in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
Oluwabunmi Opeyemi Adejumo ◽  
Uchenna R. Efobi ◽  
Simplice A. Asongu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
African Region ◽  
What Works ◽  
Development Indicator ◽  
Head Count ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Societal Problems

Actualizing sustainable development in Africa will require enormous economic resources. This implies that there must be a clear balance of prioritization of financing options on what works best for development in this region without further escalating other societal problems. The authors argue in the chapter that though there has been some benefit from the traditional means of financing development in Africa, some drawbacks still exist considering the rising rate of inequality and poverty head-count in the region. On this note, this present study examines financing options that have previously been advocated for in financing development in the African region (i.e., taking stock), such as development assistance and foreign investment, by considering its implication on development outcomes like poverty, inequality, and aggregate human development indicator in the region.

A Sociotechnical Approach of eGovernment in Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Gabriela Viale Pereira ◽  
Marie Anne Macadar ◽  
Maurício Gregianin Testa
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Quality Of Working Life ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Ict For Development ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
The Capability Approach

In the context of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for development (ICT4D) the capability approach raises questions about the best way to generate human development outcomes through governments' implementation of ICT, encompassing specific demands of the people. Considering that quality of working life was an emergent value for the sociotechnical supporters and could foster human development, this perspective can also be used to explain the use of ICT in government. This research proposes a conceptual model to explain how governments' implementation of ICT contributes to improved human development through a sociotechnical perspective and its alignment with users' needs and expectations. The contribution of this study is the extending of the ICT4D research in a sociotechnical view and its impact in human development. By including the social context in the model, it emphasizes the differences between countries in different levels of development, the differences between users' demands and the differences in human development outcomes.

scholarly journals Are electoral autocracies better for the poor? Evidence from social assistance programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 205316802095015
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Fails
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Electoral Authoritarianism ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Playing Fields ◽  
The Impact

Autocratic elections occur on uneven playing fields, yet their regular contestation compels ruling parties to pay attention to citizens’ demands. This claim is at the heart of research linking multiparty elections in autocracies to improvements in human development. Recent work, however, casts doubt on the theoretical and empirical basis of such claims. This paper addresses this debate by focusing specifically on the adoption of social assistance programs, an often theorized but seldom examined link in the chain connecting electoral autocracy with improvements in human development. I demonstrate that electoral autocracies are more likely to adopt these programs than closed autocracies and that the impact largely works through within-country changes in the presence of electoral authoritarianism. The results are consistent with the argument that such regimes are more responsive to citizens’ demands. However, they also remind researchers that the goal of such regimes is to win elections; there is little preventing them from crafting targeted social policies that secure the loyalty of the voting public but without the attendant improvements in broad measures of human development. I conclude with suggestions for how future research can better understand how authoritarian governance shapes development outcomes.

Extractive economies, institutions, and development

2020 ◽  
pp. 293-339
Author(s):  
P. B. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Resource Wealth ◽  
Extractive Economies ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
Natural Resource Wealth

Extractive economies can use the natural resource dividend for infrastructure and sustainable development, which involves overcoming many challenges. This chapter sees the BRICS countries as natural resource rich economies that have not yet signed up to the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative. Analysis of the relationship between resource dependence and the Human Development Index for the period 1990–2015 is reported, suggesting that non-resource rich countries tend to have higher values than resource rich countries. Using as case studies two countries that have joined the initiative (Norway and Mongolia) and two emerging economies that have not (Botswana and Chile), as well as one of the BRICS countries (Brazil), some successes and challenges in using natural resource wealth are highlighted. Governance indicators suggest that transparency initiatives can be helpful. Links between extractive economies, policies, institutions, and human development outcomes are complex, requiring long-term policies and commitment. Three specific policy issues for BRICS are identified.

Economic Growth and Human Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-151
Author(s):  
K. Seeta Prabhu ◽  
Sandhya S. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Relationship

Unravelling the linkages between economic growth and human development has assumed urgency in the current era where development processes no longer follow historical patterns. This chapter juxtaposes the relationship between them in the light of the globalization process and the varying outcomes of human development across countries. The analysis of linkages between GDP and HDI over the past three decades across countries shows that the process is extremely dynamic in nature and that human development outcomes do not follow a defined trajectory. This is particularly evident in the analysis of backlogs in human progress, where we find the dominance of joblessness, impoverishment, displacement, and migration. The chapter concludes that economic growth and human development cannot be viewed as disconnected processes as they influence each other in multiple ways.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Dana Zakat Terhadap Pembangunan Manusia Di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-185
Author(s):  
Mudita Sri Karuni
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Muslim Communities

The problem of poverty in Indonesia is the manifestation of the powerlessness of the people in accessing state development outcomes. Meanwhile, the development outcome done by the government is only enjoyed by a handful of people because the resource is not equitably distributed. Therefore, the role of zakat is needed to give direct fund to redistribute the wealth, so that human development can be realized. This research aimed to give the empirical result on whether zakat has an influence on human development in Indonesia. This research used the Human Development Index (HDI) indicator as an analysis tool, such as life expectancy, mean year school, and income. Hypotheses testing conducted in 15 years (2004-2018). Data used in this study is secondary data collected by the documentation method. From the regression analysis of Ordinary Least Square (OLS), it is found that zakat can increase human access to health care, education, and can raise revenues. This study provided implication for governments, zakat institutions, and Muslim communities who are obligated to pay zakat, in order to synergize the optimization of zakat funds in Indonesia.

The Outcomes of ICT Diffusion and Human Development in Malawi

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Makoza ◽  
Wallace Chigona
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Creative Life

Presented is a historical analysis of the link between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and human development outcomes in a developing country. Human Development Index was used as a theoretical lens to assess the consequences of peoples’ choices to lead a healthier, longer and more creative life. The study used Malawi as the case study. Secondary data sourced from international development agencies’ databases, and policy documents from government departments, were used in this study. The results are explained in further detail deeper into the article.

Gender and Human Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 230-269
Author(s):  
K. Seeta Prabhu ◽  
Sandhya S. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Social Opportunities ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
The One ◽  
Capability Deprivation

The chapter presents an intersectional analysis of women’s human development outcomes through the lens of gender and social relations on the one hand, and the nature of public policies implemented on the other. Against the backdrop of women’s movements, this chapter explains women’s marginalization process, wherein critical gaps in the formation of basic capabilities across men and women in the society are identified. Differences in human development outcomes are not only due to differences in access and opportunity freedoms, but also in endowments and entitlements. Thus, real concerns about women’s human development achievements are regarding capability deprivation and inequalities in access to labour markets, social opportunities, political participation, and social protection. It is argued that purely entitlement transfers through state policy will not be able to resolve the issue. The numerous efforts to assess human development outcomes of both women and men in terms of quantitative and qualitative dimensions have been able to capture only some part of this multi-layered phenomenon.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Dana Zakat Terhadap Pembangunan Manusia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Mudita Sri Karuni
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Muslim Communities

The problem of poverty in Indonesia is the manifestation of society empowerment in accessing state development outcomes. Meanwhile, the result of development done by the government are only enjoyed by a handful of people because the resource is not equitably distributed. Therefore, the role of zakat is needed to give direct fund to redistribute the weatlh, so that human development can be realized. This research aimed to give the empirical result whether zakat has influence on human development in Indonesia. This research used Human Development Index (HDI) indicator as analysis tool, such as life expectancy, mean year school, and income. Hypotheses testing conducted in 15 years (2004-2018). Data collection is done by the documentation method. From the regression analysis of Ordinary Least Square (OLS), it is found that zakat can increase human access to health care, education, and can raise revenues. This study provided implication for governments, zakat institutions, and Muslim communities who are obligated to pay zakat, in order to synergize the optimization of zakat funds in Indonesia.

scholarly journals The Paradox of Ethiopia’s Underdevelopment: Endogenous Factors in Retrospect

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-30
Author(s):  
Feyera Senbeta
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
National Development ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Ecological Resources ◽  
Corruption Index ◽  
Development Outcomes

Ethiopia is a country of diverse historical, cultural, geographical, archeological, and ecological resources and is well known as the cradle of humanity. It is also the tenth-largest country in Africa and endowed with vast land and water resources. This country was unable to translate these potential resources into positive development outcomes. This paper examines the historical perspective of Ethiopia’s underdevelopment mystery under the last three regimes (i.e., Haile Selassie (Imperial), Derg, and the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF)). Qualitative approaches mainly interview, discussion, document analysis, and personal experiences were employed in generating relevant data that were analyzed and presented thematically. The results show that Ethiopia ranked the least in many global human development indexes such as Human Development Index, Corruption Index, and Global Hunger Index in the last decade. The underlying historical development challenges include political instability, despotic leadership, corruption, dependence on foreign aid and assistance, controlled freedom of expression, lack of diversity within unity, and inconsistent development policies. Over the last three successive regimes, the state-society relationship has been characterized by conflict, disagreement, and supremacy of state which messed up available national development opportunities. If Ethiopia has to come out of poverty and underdevelopment, it needs to improve its political stability and governance. It must be governed by ‘popularly elected’ not by ‘self-elected leader’ and put in place a system of accountability for a better future and wellbeing of its population. Consistent and pro-poor policy, good working culture, and unity in diversity must be other areas of concern for future development.

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