scholarly journals Moments estimators and omnibus chi-square tests for some usual probability laws

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3061-3094
Author(s):  
Gorgui Gning ◽  
Aladji Babacar Niang ◽  
Modou Ngom ◽  
Gane Lo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Moment Estimation ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Gamma Law ◽  
The Moment

For many probability laws, in parametric models, the estimation of the parameters can be done in the frame of the maximum likelihood method, or in the frame of moment estimation methods, or by using the plug-in method, etc. Usually, for estimating more than one parameter, the same frame is used. We focus on the moment estimation method in this paper. We use the instrumental tool of the functional empirical process (fep) in Lo (2016) to show how it is practical to derive, almost algebraically, the joint distribution Gaussian law and to derive omnibus chi-square asymptotic laws from it. We choose four distributions to illustrate the method (Gamma law, beta law, Uniform law and Fisher law) and completely describe the asymptotic laws of the moment estimators whenever possible. Simulations studies are performed to investigate for each case the smallest sizes for which the obtained statistical tests are recommendable. Generally, the omnibus chi-square test proposed here work fine with sample sizes around fifty.

scholarly journals Class-Based Probability Estimation Using a Semantic Hierarchy

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Clark ◽  
David Weir
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Description Length ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Minimum Description Length Principle ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Semantic Hierarchy ◽  
Log Likelihood ◽  
Data Problem ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sparse Data Problem

This article concerns the estimation of a particular kind of probability, namely, the probability of a noun sense appearing as a particular argument of a predicate. In order to overcome the accompanying sparse-data problem, the proposal here is to define the probabilities in terms of senses from a semantic hierarchy and exploit the fact that the senses can be grouped into classes consisting of semantically similar senses. There is a particular focus on the problem of how to determine a suitable class for a given sense, or, alternatively, how to determine a suitable level of generalization in the hierarchy. A procedure is developed that uses a chi-square test to determine a suitable level of generalization. In order to test the performance of the estimation method, a pseudo-disambiguation task is used, together with two alternative estimation methods. Each method uses a different generalization procedure; the first alternative uses the minimum description length principle, and the second uses Resnik's measure of selectional preference. In addition, the performance of our method is investigated using both the standard Pearson chi-square statistic and the log-likelihood chi-square statistic.

Hubungan Antara Menyusui Dengan Involusi Uterus Pada Ibu Nifas Fisiologis Di RSIA Aura Syifa Kabupaten Kediri

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Eny Sendra ◽  
Dewi Indriani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fisher Test ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Moment

Breast feeding is giving milk to be drunk to the baby from the breast. Uterus involution is a process how the uterus return to the condition back, before pregnanting after bearing. At the moment of suckling, happens a stimulus and brings the hormones out, such as oksitosin uses not only to stimulate some muscles constraction but also to stimulate the uterus, so that the process of uterus involution happens foster. According to the explanations above, the research aimed to know about the correlation between breast feeding and uterus involution. This research’s design was, cross sectional by the population of all childbirth mothers approximately 50 persons / month. By using accidental sampling technique we got 21 sample respondents. The place of research in RSIA Aura Syifa in Kediri Regency on 16th until 22nd of June 2009. From this research’s result, we got 14 persons (66,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a good way, one person (4,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way, 2 persons (9,52%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a good way and 4 persons (19,05%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way. Statistic test which used chi-square test, counted the probability frequency in advance, from that we got 3 columns with the score, less than 5, so that chi-square can not be continued and by doing exact fisher test, the score was 0,001. Because P with the grade mistake 0,05 smaller, so the conclusion was “Ho” is rejected, it meant “there was correlation between suckling and uterus involution”. Key Word : Breast feeding, uterus involution

Analisis Faktor Determinan Pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Oleh Bidan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Anutapura Palu

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Novita ◽  
Gusman Arsyad
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Implementation of IMD in hospitals has decreased from the previous year and has not reached the target set by the government. Some IMD implementation processes have not been carried out according to applicable standards. So that babies do not get an IMD in accordance with existing SOPs. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factors associated with the implementation of the IMD by midwives in the Midwifery and Maternity Room Emergency Room (IGD) at the Anutapura General Hospital in Palu. This research method is analytical with cross sectional approach. The population of this study was that all midwives in the obstetrics emergency room and maternity room at Anutapura Palu Hospital were 37 respondents. The sample in this study is total sampling. The analysis used was univariate, and bivariate analysis using the chi square test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results of statistical tests on variable knowledge of midwives with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.018 (p value <0.05). APN training with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.697 (p value> 0.05). length of work with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.029 (p value <0.05). and peer support with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.007 (p value <0.05). Conclusions there is a relationship between knowledge, length of work, peer support with the implementation of the IMD, and training factors that have nothing to do with IMD implementation. The strongest factor in the relationship is peer support. It is recommended that the Anutarapura Palu Hospital be able to motivate midwives so that they can further enhance their role in the implementation and provide support to their colleagues so that the implementation of the IMD can be carried out in accordance with applicable standards.Keywords: Knowledge, APN Training, Duration of work, Implementation of IMD

scholarly journals Confronting Theories of Firm Growth in Light of Degrees-of-Freedom Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (74) ◽  
pp. 385-404
Author(s):  
Sérgio Fernando Loureiro Rezende ◽  
Ricardo Salera ◽  
José Márcio de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Stage Theory ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Growth Optimum ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Do So

This article aims to confront four theories of firm growth – Optimum Firm Size, Stage Theory of Growth, The Theory of the Growth of the Firm and Dynamic Capabilities – with empirical data derived from a backward-looking longitudinal qualitative case of the growth trajectory of a Brazilian capital goods firm. To do so, we employed Degree of Freedom-Analysis for data analysis. This technique aims to test the empirical strengths of competing theories using statistical tests, in particular Chi-square test. Our results suggest that none of the four theories fully explained the growth of the firm we chose as empirical case. Nevertheless, Dynamic Capabilities was regarded as providing a more satisfactory explanatory power.

scholarly journals Maternal mortality in the indigenous and non-indigenous population in Pará: contribution to the surveillance of deaths

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deivid Ramos dos Santos ◽  
Laura Maria Vidal Nogueira ◽  
Bárbara Lopes Paiva ◽  
Ivaneide Leal Ataide Rodrigues ◽  
Lívia Félix de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Objective: To analyze the occurrence of Maternal Mortality in general and in the indigenous population in the state of Pará. Method: A quantitative, analytical and retrospective study was performed, covering a historical series from 2005 to 2014. For the analysis of the results, non-parametric statistical tests, the Chi-square test and the G test were processed in the BioStat 5.0 software program. Results: A total of 884 maternal deaths were reported in the state of Pará, corresponding to a Mortality Rate of 60.7 per 100,000 live births for non-indigenous women and 135.8 per 100,000 live births for indigenous women. Oedema, proteinuria and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium corresponded to 30.5% (n = 270). Conclusion and Implications for the Practice: Maternal mortality remains a serious public health problem in the state of Pará, clearly demonstrating that indigenous pregnant women require greater care, since they showed higher Maternal Mortality Rates when compared to non-indigenous women.

scholarly journals Analysis of Healthy Latrine Ownership Factors in the Coastal Area of Lapulu Village, Kendari City

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Sitti Marya Ulva ◽  
Sinar Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Community Ownership ◽  
Land Availability ◽  
Tidal Area ◽  
Chi Square Test

The percentage of families in Lapulu Village that had healthy latrines was 64,84% who met the health requirements and 35,16% who did not meet the health requirements in 2019. This shows that the ownership of healthy latrines is still lower than the national achievement. This study aims to determine the factors associated with low ownership of healthy latrines in the coastal areas of Lapulu Village, Kendari City. The research design was observational, with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 437 respondents, while the study sample was 209 respondents. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling technique. The analysis were performed using the Chi-Square test. The results of statistical tests with chi-square obtained the value of land availability (p-value=0,000), knowledge (p-value=0,031), and income (p-value=0,000). It can be concluded that there is a relationship between land availability, knowledge, and income levels associated with low ownership of healthy latrines in the tidal area of ​​Lapulu Village, Kendari City. Therefore, it is hoped that the community and local government will establish this inter sector collaboration with related agencies to increase community ownership of healthy latrines.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN SUHU TUBUH BAYI BARU LAHIR ANTARA BAYI YANG BERHASIL MELAKUKAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI DAN BAYI YANG TIDAK BERHASIL MELAKUKAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Aprilia Aprisanti Reyani
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
The Body ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Latar Belakang :Kehangatan dada ibu dapat menghangatkan bayi, sehingga apabila bayi diletakan di dada ibunya segera setelah melahirkan atau dilakukan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, dapat menurunkan resiko hipotermia dan menurunkan kematian bayi baru lahir akibat kedinginan atau hipotermia. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir antara bayi yang berhasil melakukan IMD dan bayi yang tidak berhasil melakukan IMD Metode  :Analitik,desain cross sectional,populasi semua bayi baru lahir, sampel bayi barulahir, teknik Non Random Sampling, pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan Lembar Observasi dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan nilai signifikan α = 0.05 yaitu bila hasil uji statistik menunjukan p ≤ α maka H0 ditolak. Hasil      :Suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir yang berhasil melakukan IMD sebagianbesardengansuhutubuhtidakhipotermisebanyak 20 bayi (87%) Suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir yang tidak berhasil melakukan IMD sebagianbesardengansuhutubuhhipotermisebanyak 8 bayi (66,7%). Dari hasil uji statistik diperoleh hasil nilai p = 0,005 < α = 0.05 maka H1 diterima, artinya ada Perbedaan suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir yang berhasil melakukan IMD dan yang tidak berhasil melakukan IMD Kesimpulan :Terdapat perbedaan suhu tubuh bayi baru lahir antara bayi yang berhasil melakukan IMD dan bayi yang tidak berhasil melakukan IMD.   Kata kunci : Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, Suhu Tubuh Bayi Baru Lahir                                                                                               THE DIFFERENCE BODY TEMPERATURE BETWEEN BABIES WHO SUCCESSFULLY INITIATE BREASTFEEDING EARLY AND BABIESWHO FAIL TO INITIATE EARLY BREASTFEEDING AT RSIA KIRANA SIDOARJO 2019  Background : The warmth of the mother’s chest can warm the baby, so that when the baby is in the mother’s breast immediately after birth or initiated early breastfeeding can reduce the mortality rate of newborns due to hypotermia.Purpose :the purpose of this study was to determine the difference in body temperature of newborns between infants who successfully initiated early breastfeeding and infants who did not succeed in initiating early breastfeedingMethods : analytical, cross sectional design, population 40 newborns, samples 35 newborns, Non Random Sampling techniques, the data accumulation using observation sheets and using chi-square test, with significant value α = 0.05 is when the statistical test results show p ≤ α then Ho is rejected.Result : The body temperature of the newborn who succeeded in initiating early breastfeeding was 36.78ºC with 23 (65.7%) of infants none having hypothermia, the newborn baby's body temperature that did not succeed in doing this early breastfeeding was 35.78ºC With 8 infants experiencing hypothermia, while 4 babies with normal temperature. From the results of statistical tests obtained results with the value p = 0,000 <α = 0.05 then H1 accepted, meaning there is a difference in body temperature of a newborn who successfully initiated early breastfeeding and who did not succeed in Early Breastfeeding Initiation. Conclusion : There is a difference in the body temperature of a newborn between infants who successfully initiated breastfeeding and infants who are not successful in initiating early breastfeeding....Keywords : Early breastfeedinginitiation, newborns temperature

scholarly journals The Impact of Watching Television Sports Channels in Promotion of Sports Activities among the Students of University of Sargodha

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (I) ◽  
pp. 95-107
Author(s):  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Muhammad Saqib Ilmas ◽  
Shajee Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Uses And Gratification ◽  
Uses And Gratification Theory ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sports Activities

This study analyzes the impact of watching television sports channels on the promotion of sports activities among the students of the University of Sargodha. The aim of the study is to explore the impact of sports channels on students. Previous researches are used to set up the concepts of the present study. In this research, a survey technique is used to collect the data. The population of the study consists of male and female students of the University of Sargodha. In this research, the Stratified and Purposive sampling technique is used, through which specification characteristics of the respondent's demographics. The study explores the impact of sports channels in the view of Uses and Gratification Theory. The data for this study is collected through the use of a well-designed questionnaire. Chi-square test and other statistical tests like ANOVA and t-Test are applied to test the hypothesis. The finding shows that more the exposure to TV sports channels more the information level of students of the University of Sargodha.

scholarly journals On accuracy of upper quantiles estimation

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 4761-4784
Author(s):  
I. Markiewicz ◽  
W. G. Strupczewski ◽  
K. Kochanek
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Model Misspecification ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Flood Frequency Analysis ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Hypothetical Model ◽  
Log Normal

Abstract. Flood frequency analysis (FFA) entails estimation of the upper tail of a probability density function (PDF) of annual peak flows obtained from either the annual maximum series or partial duration series. In hydrological practice the properties of various estimation methods of upper quantiles are identified with the case of known population distribution function. In reality the assumed hypothetical model differs from the true one and one can not assess the magnitude of error caused by model misspecification in respect to any estimated statistics. The opinion about the accuracy of the methods of upper quantiles estimation formed from the case of known population distribution function is upheld. The above-mentioned issue is the subject of the paper. The accuracy of large quantile assessments obtained from the four estimation methods are compared for two-parameter log-normal and log-Gumbel distributions and their three-parameter counterparts, i.e., three-parameter log-normal and GEV distributions. The cases of true and false hypothetical model are considered. The accuracy of flood quantile estimates depend on the sample size, on the distribution type, both true and hypothetical, and strongly depend on the estimation method. In particular, the maximum likelihood method looses its advantageous properties in case of model misspecification.

scholarly journals Kohor retrospective study: development of children age 1-3 year with history of low born weigh (LBW) infants

PUINOVAKESMAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Heni Puji Wahyuningsih ◽  
Indah Ajeng Pramesti ◽  
Endah Marianingsih Theresia
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Weight History ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of

Low Born Weigh (LBW) is a baby with a birth weight <2500 grams. LBW babies are weak in fine motor skills. If toddlers' developmental disorders are not detected early it will affect the quality of life, showed the prevalence of LBW by 5.52%. The prevalence of LBW infants in Bantul Regency from 2014 to 2018 has increased. The highest LBW cases were in the Pleret Puskesmas which reached 6.23%. The high prevalence of LBW in Pleret District has made researchers interested in researching the relationship of LBW history with the development of toddlers aged 1-3 years. The purpose of this research is to find out the influence of LBW history on the development of toddlers aged 1-3 years. This type of research is an observational analytic study with a retrospective cohort design. The sample in this study is toddlers aged 1-3 years in the district of Pleret. The independent variables of this study were the birth weight of infants and the dependent variable of development of infants aged 1-3 years. Statistical tests use the Chi-square test and relative risk. This research shows that as many as 31% of children under five with a history of LBW had inappropriate development status. The chi-square test showed a p-value of 0.016 (<0.05) which meant that there was a significant relationship between LBW history and the developmental status of toddlers. Obtained RR value of 1,250 (> 1,00), shows that toddlers with a history of LBW have a risk of experiencing developmental disorders 1.25 times greater than toddlers with normal weight history. The conclusion of this research is a there is a significant relationship between LBW history and the development of toddlers aged 1-3 years. Toddlers with an LBW history have a greater risk of developing developmental disorders compared to toddlers with normal weight history.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document