scholarly journals GEOLOGICAL AND HYDROGEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF RIVER BASINS AND SOIL COMPOSITION AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF THE STREAMFLOW OF THE TERRITORY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE DEBED RIVER BASIN)

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
V. G. Margaryan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Annual Runoff Distribution ◽  
Hydrogeological Structure

The regularities of the spatial distribution of the river runoff of the Debed basin, the features of the water regime and the intra-annual runoff distribution caused by the geological and hydrogeological structure of the region and composition of soil were discussed and analyzed. Discussed some issues of regulation and management of river runoff associated with the feature of the geological and hydrogeological structure of the river basin and the composition of soil.

scholarly journals Land Drainage Development Processes and Changes in the Context of Runoff Change in Northern Lithuania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Stankevičienė ◽  
Oksana Survilė
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Land Drainage ◽  
Runoff Change ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Annual Runoff Distribution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drainage Development

The impact of the drainage of excessively wet land on river runoff has so far been assessed differently and very carefully because of its complexity and diversity. The article analyses changes of drained land areas and runoff in the river basins of Mūša, Lėvuo Tatula and Nemunėlis. Wet land areas in the Mūša, Lėvuo and Nemunėlis rivers basins account for more than 70% from the total basins area and in the Tatula about 90%. Increase of drained land areas in the studied river basins has no significant influence on the change of river runoff. Studies have shown that the change in drained land areas did not affect the change in runoff height. Drainage does not have a significant effect on changes in the annual runoff distribution of the studied rivers.

scholarly journals Impact of urbanized landscapes on the river flow in Europe

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
N. I. Koronkevich ◽  
K. S. Melnik
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
River Flow ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moscow River

Global urban landscapes were growing rapidly during last decades. The impact of this growth on annual river runoff of foreign European and Russian river basins was shown in this article. Calculations for Moscow river basin were taken as a basis for computations. The performed calculations show, that 1% of urbanization area increase also enhances total river runoff at 1%. At the same time 1% growth of watertight territories (included in urbanized landscapes) leads to an increase in runoff by 2–3%. The growth of urbanized areas led to a smaller increase in runoff (2–3 times) in the past (in comparison with current period) due to a less established system of diversion from urbanized landscapes. Calculations were made for Spree, Thames, Seine river basins in comparison Moscow River basin. Impact of capitals landscapes (Berlin, London, Paris, and Moscow) on river runoff was estimated initially, and then the influence of other urbanized areas located in river basins. As a result, the general influence of all urbanized territories was defined. According to results of conducted calculations, modern urbanized areas led to an increase of annual river runoff by more than 9% in Spree river basin, more than 20% of the Thames, over 11% of the Seine and 10% in the basin of Moscow River in comparison with changes during the period of norm calculation (from the end of 19th century till the beginning of the 1960s of the 20th century). According to the results of conducted calculations, modern total annual runoff increase is 2.2–4.5% for Europe and 0.2–0.3% for the Russian Federation in comparison with changes during the period of norm calculation, and in relation to the runoff from the most populated their parts is 3.5-6.9% and 1-2%, respectively. In addition, it can be expressed in km3 with following values: 44.9–89.8 (for foreign Europe) and 7.2–14.3 (for the Russian Federation). For the whole Europe (including European territory of Russia), the runoff increases by 50–100 km3 (or by 2–4%) per year. Actually, this is not so much in percentage terms, though in terms of volume – these values are close to annual runoff of such river as Neva.

DATA RECOVERY OF ANNUAL RIVER RUNOFF IN THE SYRDARYA RIVER BASIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
T. Kazakbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Data Recovery ◽  
Base Period ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Integral Curves ◽  
Analogue Method ◽  
Runoff Rate ◽  
Variability Index

The data recovery of the annual runoff was carried out and correlation dependences were obtained, which were used to calculate the runoff rate for each of the selected rivers in the Syrdariya river basin. Differential integral curves were constructed from the runoff data using the variability index. When restoring the missing data on the annual runoff, the river-analogue method was applied. The actual series of observations are given for a longterm period. The base period was chosen from 1960 to 2015. Quantitative estimates of the effectiveness of bringing the average values to a multi-year period are also provided.

The «rainfall-runoff» system and its long-term fluctuations in the Siverskyi Donets River Basin (Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Bolbot ◽  
Vasyl Grebin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Current Period

<p>The current patterns estimation of the water regime under climate change is one of the most urgent tasks in Ukraine and the world. Such changes are determined by fluctuations in the main climatic characteristics - precipitation and air temperature, which are defined the value of evaporation. These parameters influence on the annual runoff distribution and long-term runoff fluctuations. In particular, the annual precipitation redistribution is reflected in the corresponding changes in the river runoff.<br>The assessment of the current state and nature of changes in precipitation and river runoff of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin was made by comparing the current period (1991-2018) with the period of the climatological normal (1961-1990).<br>In general, for this area, it was defined the close relationship between the amount of precipitation and the annual runoff. Against the background of insignificant (about 1%) increase of annual precipitation in recent decades, it was revealed their redistribution by seasons and separate months. There is a decrease in precipitation in the cold period (November-February). This causes (along with other factors) a decrease in the amount of snow and, accordingly, the spring flood runoff. There are frequent cases of unexpressed spring floods of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin. The runoff during March-April (the period of spring flood within the Ukrainian part of the basin) decreased by almost a third.<br>The increase of precipitation during May-June causes a corresponding (insignificant) increase in runoff in these months. The shift of the maximum monthly amount of precipitation from May (for the period 1961-1990) to June (in the current period) is observed.<br>There is a certain threat to water supply in the region due to the shift in the minimum monthly amount of precipitation in the warm period from October to August. Compared with October, there is a higher air temperature and, accordingly, higher evaporation in August, which reduces the runoff. Such a situation is solved by rational water resources management of the basin. The possibility of replenishing water resources in the basin through the transfer runoff from the Dnieper (Dnieper-Siverskyi Donets channel) and the annual runoff redistribution in the reservoir system causes some increase in the river runoff of summer months in recent decades. This is also contributed by the activities of the river basin management structures, which control the maintenance water users' of minimum ecological flow downstream the water intakes and hydraulic structures in the rivers of the basin.<br>Therefore, in the period of current climate change, the annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin has undergone significant changes, which is related to the annual precipitation redistribution and anthropogenic load on the basin.</p>

Estimation of the annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin in the period of current climate change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Bolbot ◽  
Vasyl Grebin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
Annual Runoff Distribution ◽  
The Right

<p>The most urgent tasks facing hydrologists of Ukraine and the world include identifying patterns of rivers hydrological regime against the background of global warming, and assessing these changes. Changes in the annual runoff distribution under climate change impact require separate investigation of anthropogenically altered catchments, such as the Siverskyi Donets River Basin. Siverskyi Donets is the largest river in Eastern Ukraine and the main source of water supply for Kharkiv, Luhansk and Donetsk regions.</p><p>The annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin was evaluated by two periods: to the beginning of pronounced climatic changes and the current period. The research is proposed for three water year types: wet year, average year and dry year. The Siverskyi Donets Basin is a complicated water body with peculiar physico-geographical conditions, because of that annual runoff distribution is somewhat different for the left-bank tributaries, right-bank tributaries and, in fact, the Siverskyi Donets River itself.</p><p>It is found that the most runoff of the wet year for both periods is in the spring months. The current period is characterized by a much smaller runoff of spring flood (from the volume of annual runoff) than in the previous period. The annual runoff distribution is offset. Some differences can be observed between the left and right tributaries. For the left-bank tributaries, which has less anthropogenic load, climate change has led to a significant increase of winter and summer-autumn low flow periods. On the right tributaries of the Siverskyi Donets, which are flowing within the industrial part of the Donbass, the low flow period has not changed, or even decreased. Such situation is due to the decrease of mine water disposal because of the industrial production decrease in the region.</p><p>The largest part of the annual runoff in the average year falls on February and March. In the current period, the spring flood has decreased, but the summer and autumn low flow period has increased. The left-bank tributaries runoff during the winter low period is decrease. Instead, the runoff attributable to the autumn and winter low period has increased for the right-bank tributaries and the Siverskyi Donets itself.</p><p>Analyzing the runoff distribution of dry year, we can conclude that the most wet is February. At present, in dry years, spring flood practically are not allocated from the hydrograph; the baseflow months runoff significantly increased. The volume of winter runoff of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin is increased. Actually, for the Siverskyi Donets River the runoff of the summer period has increased and the runoff of the winter and autumn periods has decreased at the present stage.</p><p>The annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin in the current climate change has undergone significant changes: the spring flood has decreased and the summer-autumn low flow has increased.</p>

scholarly journals Present-day Special Features of the Don River Basin Rivers Spring Tide

2013 ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Spring Tide ◽  
High Water ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Regime Changes ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
High Water Period ◽  
Don River

The article is devoted to present-day specific features of the Don River basin rivers spring tide. On the basis of the recent data on the rivers’ water regime changes of maximal water flow, duration of high water period, high water runoff fractions in the annual runoff and hydrograph forms have been shown. It has been demonstrated that the spring tide character change is closely linked with the other phases of rivers’ water regime change.

scholarly journals Assessment of climate change impact and difference on the river runoff in four basins in China under 1.5 and 2.0 °C global warming

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 4219-4231
Author(s):  
Hongmei Xu ◽  
Lüliu Liu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Ying Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Southern China ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Seasonal Runoff

Abstract. To quantify climate change impact and difference on basin-scale river runoff under the limiting global warming thresholds of 1.5 and 2.0 ∘C, this study examined four river basins covering a wide hydroclimatic setting. We analyzed projected climate change in four basins, quantified climate change impact on annual and seasonal runoff based on the Soil Water Assessment Tool, and estimated the uncertainty constrained by the global circulation model (GCM) structure and the representative concentration pathways (RCPs). All statistics for the two river basins (the Shiyang River, SYR, and the Chaobai River, CBR) located in northern China indicated generally warmer and wetter conditions, whereas the two river basins (the Huaihe River, HHR, and the Fujiang River, FJR) located in southern China projected less warming and were inconsistent regarding annual precipitation change. The simulated changes in annual runoff were complex; however, there was no shift in seasonal runoff pattern. The 0.5 ∘C global warming difference resulted in 0.7 and 0.6 ∘C warming in basins in northern and southern China, respectively. This led to a projected precipitation increase by about 2 % for the four basins and to a decrease in simulated annual runoff of 8 % and 1 % in the SYR and the HHR, respectively, but to an increase of 4 % in the CBR and the FJR. The uncertainty in projected annual temperature was dominated by the GCMs or the RCPs; however, that of precipitation was constrained mainly by the GCMs. The 0.5 ∘C difference decreased the uncertainty in the annual precipitation projection and the annual and monthly runoff simulation.

MODERN TRANSFORMATION OF SEASONAL RUNOFF DISTRIBUTION OF THE SIVERSKYI DONETS RIVER BASIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
H.V. Bolbot ◽  
V. V. Grebin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Winter Runoff ◽  
Annual Runoff Distribution ◽  
The Right

The annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin in the period of modern climate change was estimated. The annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets Basin was researched for two characteristic periods (from the beginning of observations to 1988 and from 1989 to 2018). The assessment was performed for three water year types: wet year, average year and dry year. The research was performed for three groups of rivers depending on their affiliation to a particular part of the Basin. During the research, the average monthly runoff of the hydrological gauges, which we selected for the study were averaged. The annual runoff distribution was leveled in the current period. The Siverskyi Donets Basin is characterized by the peculiar physico-geographical conditions, so the annual runoff distribution is somewhat different for different part of the Basin. Differences in the annual runoff distribution of the right-bank tributaries, the left-bank tributaries and the Siverskyi Donets River were revealed. For the left-bank tributaries, which are less affected by anthropogenic load, climate change has led to a significant increase in runoff of the winter and summer-autumn low period. For the right-bank tributaries of the Siverskyi Donets, flowing within the industrial part of Donbas, the share of low period runoff has not changed, or even decreased. This is due to the reduction of mine drainage, due to the reduction of industrial production in the region. Instead, the share of autumn-winter period in the annual runoff has increased for the right-bank tributaries and the Siverskyi Donets River itself. It is established that the share of spring floods from the annual volume of runoff has significantly decreased and the share of the summer-autumn period for the rivers of the Siverskyi Donets Basin in the modern period has increased. The winter runoff of the left-bank tributaries of the modern period is characterized by an increase. The right-bank tributaries of the Basin are characterized by a decrease in winter runoff. Currently, in dry years, spring flood is practically not allocated on the annual hydrograph; the share of runoff in the limited months has significantly increased. At the present stage of climate change, the annual runoff distribution of the Siverskyi Donets River Basin has undergone significant changes.

scholarly journals The present-day condition of water resources in Belarus

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Volchek ◽  
Ivan Kirvel ◽  
Sergey Parfomuk ◽  
Roza Makhambetova
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Parameter Change ◽  
Climatic Parameter ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Hydrological Monitoring

AbstractThe optimal number of hydrological monitoring stations for the annual values, the maximum spring, the minimum summerautumn and the minimum winter river runoff in Belarus is determined. The research on optimization of the hydrological network of Belarus led to a conclusion about the optimum number of hydrological stations in the country, but in the case of observing the values of the annual runoff, the number of the existing plants is the minimum necessary, and reducing their number is inadmissible. On the basis of trends in air temperature changes, precipitation and humidity deficits from 1985 to 2009, the forecasts of these parameters are prepared until 2020. Taking into account the models of climatic parameter change, a possible change in the water regime of the rivers in the future is investigated.

scholarly journals Elevation-dependent compensation effects in snowmelt in the Rhine River Basin upstream gauge Basel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Rottler ◽  
Klaus Vormoor ◽  
Till Francke ◽  
Michael Warscher ◽  
Ulrich Strasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Rhine River ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In snow-dominated river basins, floods often occur during early summer, when snowmelt-induced runoff superimposes with rainfall-induced runoff. An earlier onset of seasonal snowmelt as a consequence of a warming climate is often expected to shift snowmelt contribution to river runoff and potential flooding to an earlier date. Against this background, we assess the impact of rising temperatures on seasonal snowpacks and quantify changes in timing, magnitude and elevation of snowmelt. We analyse in situ snow measurements, conduct snow simulations and examine changes in river runoff at key gauging stations. With regard to snowmelt, we detect a threefold effect of rising temperatures: snowmelt becomes weaker, occurs earlier and forms at higher elevations. Due to the wide range of elevations in the catchment, snowmelt does not occur simultaneously at all elevations. Results indicate that elevation bands melt together in blocks. We hypothesise that in a warmer world with similar sequences of weather conditions, snowmelt is moved upward to higher elevation. The movement upward the elevation range makes snowmelt in individual elevation bands occur earlier, although the timing of the snowmelt-induced runoff stays the same. Meltwater from higher elevations, at least partly, replaces meltwater from elevations below.

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