scholarly journals Chinese Mining Companies in Peru: Is There a Single Cause of Problems?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-150
Author(s):  
Nikolay Goryachev
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mining Companies

China’s dependence on the supply of mineral resources is becoming stronger than ever. The activity of Chinese investors in the mining industry on a global scale has increased significantly during the last years. Moreover, the activity of Chinese mining investors in the developing countries has some special characteristics such as large-scale projects and protests of local communities during their implementation. This article discusses the activities of Chinese mining companies in Peru, in which both of these conditions were present. The author analyzes the activities of “Shougang”, “Chinalco” and “MMG Ltd” in Peru. The hypothesis is as follows. If there is a special Chinese way of investing, the problems of listed investors (which lead to conflict with local communities) should have a single reason that is unique for all Chinese enterprises. In these conditions, investors should keep the distance between themselves and Peruvian authorities and the local citizens. As a result of the study, the conclusion is made that such reason cannot be identified at this stage. The causes of problems for each of the considered enterprises are unique, but not common for all of them. The origins of these problems are the economic situation, the bureaucratic problems of the Peruvian authorities, as well as the general trends in the relations between transnational mining companies and the Peruvians. At the same time, Chinese companies try to take into account the experience of their predecessors. Most likely, in the future that could possibly lead to greater openness and expansion of dialogue between investors, government and the public worldwide.

Natural Resources and Problems of Development

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Per Antonsen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Third World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
World Market ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Third World

The author focuses on problems in the economy of the developing countries likely to arise as a consequence of mineral exploitation in the new territories. A general shortage of mineral resources, although predicted, should not uncritically be adopted as a sufficient explanation of the demonstrated interest of industrial enterprises in undertaking heavy investments in the new territories. The economic security claimed by institutions financing large-scale investments, may just as likely force the companies to seek options for long-term supplies from these areas, unhampered by the politically caused instabilities perceived in the Third World. This development may tend to push the developing countries into the role of subsidiary suppliers in the world market. The committees preparing the UN Conference on the Law of the Sea have so far taken no realistic measures to counteract this possibility, which may prove detrimental to the economies of several developing countries. The Conference will, in the opinion of the author, provide little but a settlement of disputed interests among the coastal states.

scholarly journals Challenges Posed on The New Mining Act and Its Regulations in Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Marwa ◽  
Isabela Warioba
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Mining Law ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This paper assesses the challenges that are posed to the new mining law and other Regulations that govern the mining sector in Tanzania. The main issues discussed in this paper include the conflicts between the local people and the mining companies regarding land ownership, compensation and forced eviction, conflicts between Small Scale Mining (SSM) and Large Scale Mining (LSM).</p><p>The findings obtained by the authors, intimates that the major problems in the mining sector are due to lack of law enforcement and good governance in the sector as well as lack of awareness of the laws governing the sector by the local communities.</p>Lastly, the authors concludes and recommend that, until and unless the laws are adhered to and kept into practice, the problems in the mining sector will not be easily resolved. Hence in order for the mining sector to benefit the indigenous and the investors, there should be enhancement of sustainable development;, people should be educated on the laws and the effects of mining on the environment and the relationship between SSM and LSM be improved.

scholarly journals Model of the Process of Preparing Annual Technical and Economic Plans in the Public Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz KUSTRA ◽  
Robert RANOSZ ◽  
Barbara KOWAL
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Main Aspect ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article analyzes the process of preparing annual technical and economic plans in the public sector, on the example of the mining industry. Qualitative methods in the form of in-depth interviews (IDIs) were used in the analysis, consisting in conducting extensive interviews concerning the analyzed issues with representatives of coal companies. According to the study, the main aspect in creating a TEP for the analyzed mining companies is coal production. Taking into account the market environment and the reality of Polish coal companies, it was concluded that the starting point for the development of the TEP should not be the coal production or the pursuit of maximizing output volumes, but the sales market and demand for the raw material offered by individual companies. Three dimensions of TEP planning were also proposed.

scholarly journals Review of the Survey's activities in 1991

1992 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
M Ghisler
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Mining Law ◽  
Hydrocarbon Field

The new Mining Law for Greenland, approved in 1991 by the Danish and Greenlandic governments, was designed to encourage interest in exploration and utilisation of mineral resources in Greenland by creating more favourable operating conditions for the oil and mining industry. The activities of the Geological Survey of Greenland (Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, GGU) in 1991 have reflected this new strategy. In the hydrocarbon field a new information prospectus has been prepared for the forthcoming licensing round for selected areas offshore West Greenland, while initiatives to attract interests of mining companies have been intensified.

Corporate social responsibility in the mining industry: an exploration of host-communities’ perceptions and expectations in a developing-country

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Jojo Amos
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how and what drives corporate social responsibility (CSR) in host communities of mining companies in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach To address this knowledge gap, this paper used Ghana as a test case and conducted 24 in-depth interviews with participants drawn from mining host communities. Findings The paper discovered that while CSR is broadly understood and encompasses six thematic categories in the mining host communities, there are emphases on philanthropic and environmental responsibilities. Contrary to the evidence found in other studies, this paper discovered that CSR rhetoric plays a more positive/significant role than so far explored in CSR research, as it incentivizes the host communities to push for the fulfilment of their CSR expectations and/or CSR initiatives proposed by mining companies. Research limitations/implications Quantitative studies are needed to strengthen the findings from the present paper. Practical implications Because developing countries share similar socio-economic and geo-political realities, the findings of this paper may be applicable not only for CSR advocates, but also for policy-makers in developing countries. Originality/value The paper provides new inputs from a developing country perspective to the current debate about the CSR performance of the extractive industry.

scholarly journals Employee motivation and work performance: A comparative study of mining companies in Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Boye Kuranchie-Mensah ◽  
Kwesi Amponsah-Tawiah
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Gathering Data

Purpose: The paper empirically compares employee motivation and its impact on performance in Ghanaian Mining Companies, where in measuring performance, the job satisfaction model is used.Design/methodology/approach: The study employed exploratory research design in gathering data from four large-scale Gold mining companies in Ghana with regards to their policies and structures in the effectiveness of motivational tools and strategies used by these companies.Findings: The study observed that, due to the risk factors associated with the mining industry, management has to ensure that employees are well motivated to curb the rate at which employees embark on industrial unrest which affect performance, and employees are to comply with health and safety rules because the industry contribute hugely to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country.Research Limitations/Implications: Limitation to the present study include the researcher’s inability to contact other mining companies. However, the study suggests possibilities for future research including contacting other mining companies, expanding the sample size, managers ensuring that the safety and health needs of staff are addressed particularly those exposed to toxic and harmful chemicals.Originality/Value: A lot of studies have been done on mining companies in the past. This paper fills a gap perceived that employees in this sector are highly motivated in spite of the challenges being faced by them, and knowing more about what keeps employees moving is still of national interest.

scholarly journals Mining Corporations, Democratic Meddling, and Environmental Justice in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Llewellyn Leonard
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Decision Making Processes

During Apartheid, the mining industry operated without restraint and compromised the ecology, the health of mining workers, and local communities. The lines between the mining industry and government was often unclear with the former influencing government decisions to favour uncontrolled operations. Although new post-Apartheid regulations were designed to control negative mining impacts, the mining industry and the state still have a close relationship. Limited academic research has empirically examined how mining corporations influence democracy in South Africa. Through empirical investigation focusing on Dullstroom, Mpumalanga and St. Lucia, KwaZulu-Natal, this paper examines how mining corporations, directly and indirectly, influence democratic processes at the macro state and micro community levels. At the macro level, this includes examining mining companies influencing government decision-making and enforcement to hold mines accountable for non-compliance. At the micro level, the paper examines mining companies influencing democratic processes at the local community level to get mining developments approved. Findings reveal that political connections between the mining industry and government, including collusion between mining corporations and local community leadership, have influenced mining approval and development, whilst excluding local communities from decision-making processes. Industrial manipulation has also influenced government in holding corporations accountable. This has contributed towards not fully addressing citizen concerns over mining development. Democracy in post-Apartheid South Africa, especially for mining development is, therefore, understood in the narrow sense and exposures the realities of the ruling party embracing capitalism. Despite challenges, civil society may provide the avenue for upholding democratic values to counter mining domination and for an enabling political settlement environment.

scholarly journals Do Locals Have a Say? Community Experiences of Participation in Governing Forest Plantations in Tanzania

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed B. Degnet ◽  
Edwin van der Werf ◽  
Verina Ingram ◽  
Justus H.H. Wesseler
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Forest Stewardship Council ◽  
Responsible Investment ◽  
Forest Stewardship ◽  
Female Headed Households

As large-scale forest plantations expand in developing countries, concerns are rising about their relation to and integration with adjacent local communities. In developing countries with weak enforcement of property rights, private plantations are more likely than state-owned plantations to involve villagers in plantation’s activities in order to secure and guarantee their access to land and labor resources. Certification standards of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and adherence to responsible investment guidelines further strengthen this likelihood by requiring plantations to consult and engage local communities. Using household data from Tanzania, we assess households’ experiences with their participation in plantation activities by comparing the experiences of households in villages adjacent to private, FSC-certified plantations with those of households in villages adjacent to a non-certified, state-owned plantation. Our quantitative analyses show that households in the villages adjacent to the private, certified plantations are more likely to report to participate in plantation activities. Our results show that the certified plantations are more likely to respond to community complaints and grievances. We further find that male-headed households and households of plantation employees are more likely than female-headed households and households without plantation employees to participate in plantations’ activities. Our results imply that forest management certification can complement state policy approaches of sustainable forest management to enhance community participation in forest management.

POSCO’s great Indian fiasco

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Shubham Shubham ◽  
Vinay Kumar Kalakbandi ◽  
Shashank Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
State Government ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Social

Learning outcomes The case may give students experience with the types of a situation they may encounter when running their own companies or serving as consultants in terms of identifying relevant information and appropriate approaches to dealing with local communities in projects involving the exploration and exploitation of natural resources. The case encourages students to critique the strategy of a firm in managing their different stakeholders. The case may also enhance their understanding of the “new” roles expected of corporations when engaging in projects involving local communities in developing countries. The case can be used to promote awareness of the social and environmental impact of industries associated with the exploration and exploitation of natural resources. Within developed or developing countries, master’s students are often employed by multinational corporations, many of which operate in natural resource industries. A greater understanding of the economic, social, and environmental challenges inherent in corporate social responsibilities programs in these industries may enhance their ability to deal with such situations. Such students are also increasingly likely to find work with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) helping local communities deal with largescale projects and confront major corporations. Case overview/synopsis The case is about the POSCO-India’s project to build 12 MTPA integrated steel plant in the Indian state of Odisha in 2005. The case presents the history of the project, recognizing the different stakeholders groups, the perspectives and interests of different stakeholders groups, the various actions taken by POSCO-India, and the results of the various engagement efforts of POSCO to develop the project. The case deals with the perspective of POSCO-India, Government of Odisha (GoO) and the local community getting affected by POSCO’s project on the issues of social, environmental, and economic sustainability. The case also discusses POSCO’s effort to engage with the local community and state government. The case tries to analyze the issues that come with developing big infrastructure projects. The case provides a framework for evaluating the complexity in engaging with the different stakeholder groups. The paper uses a framework for analyzing stakeholders based on their power, legitimacy, and urgency of their claims. The case will also demonstrate the complex institutional set-up in emerging markets and due to which sometimes it becomes difficult for organizations to implement such exploration projects to fulfill their social and environmental commitments. Finally, the case helps students to explore the implications of large-scale industrial projects especially in developing countries and analyze critically the corporate-society relationship. Complexity academic level The case was developed for master’s level course in business strategy, consulting, business policy, corporate governance, and corporate social responsibility, business ethics, and corporate sustainability in a 90 minutes session. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

scholarly journals Russian Tourism in the Era of the Covid-19 Pandemic: New Trends

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
E. A. Vostrova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Public ◽  
Travel Planning ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The era of the Covid-19 pandemic has had a serious impact on changes in various areas of our society, and also predetermined the transformation of the Russian tourism industry. The purpose of the work is to identify new trends in Russian tourism in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic.Methodology and sources. The study used the method of selective observation and the method of forecasting, carried out the sociological analysis of the works of modern scientists N.A. Voskolovich, I.V. Loguntsova, B.M. Eidelman, O.A. Bunakov, L.R. Fakhrutdinova, V. Durly and the large-scale study of the impact of the pandemic on the tourism industry in Russia (906 respondents).Results and discussion. The author has deepened his understanding of the process of de-globalization in relation to Russian tourism during a pandemic. The pandemic is accelerating de-globalization, the megatrend that could become strategic in tourism for the foreseeable future. This experience will contribute to the emergence and popularization of new tourism trends: the increase in the number of travel near the place of residence and within the country, the spread of digitalization, the personalization of travel offers, travel planning with safety in mind and attention to the sanitary and epidemiological situation, an increase in ecotourism and excursion tourism, an increase in the number of car trips, as well as the reorientation of some tourists from hotels to short-term rental housing.Conclusion. From a futuristic perspective, the pandemic has greatly benefited the panorama of events unfolding before our eyes. The pandemic, speaking in futuristic terms, can be classified as a “black swan”. This is the social experiment on a global scale, which determines the emergence of new tourism trends, and also forms in the eyes of the public the special attitude towards Russian tourism as a truly important industry.

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