Biodiversity Indexing at HOLCIM Philippines Limestone Quarrying Site in Budbud, Bunawan District, Davao City

Quarry sites are actively rehabilitated to bring back that is almost similar, if not identical, to pre-quarry operations. The inventory assesses the rehabilitation effort conducted at the Quarry area of HOLCIM Philippines in Budbud, Bunawan District, Davao City. The study area consists of four separate small patches. Sampling stations for each group were randomly chosen and almost always situated with the boundaries, towards the interior or inside the patches. Two part surveys were simultaneously done on the site: vegetation analysis and faunal inventories. This survey accounts for a total of 22 species of birds representing 16 families (all residents), 4 bat species under one family, 5 frogs in 5 different families, 5 lizards in 3 families, and 1 snake species. In terms of endemic species, two are recorded for birds: Dicaeum austrade and Phapitretron leucotis, one for bats - Ptenochirus jagori, and one endemic lizard: Draco bimaculaus. In terms of vegetation, a number of non-endemic species are abundant in the site and cover is dominated by grasses like cogon, and basket grass. Tree species were mostly of non-native species as exemplified by the presence of Gmelinina (locally called Gemelina) and Swittenia (locally called Mahogany). A few native species were present: Artocarpuz locally called Kamansi and Molave type (Family Verbenaceae, Vitex sp.) with reduced frequency and quite interspersed distribution. Majority of the species accounted are known inhabitants of disturbed wildlife habitats.

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PRESERVATION OF PRIMARY FOREST CHARACTERISTICS DESPITE FRAGMENTATION AND ISOLATION IN A FOREST REMNANT FROM VIÇOSA, MG, BRAZIL1

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/0100-67622015000600001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 985-994 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Markus Gastauer ◽

Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral ◽

João Augusto Alves Meira-Neto

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Tree Species ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Forest Patch ◽

Diameter At Breast Height ◽

Breast Height ◽

Forest Remnant ◽

Primary Forests ◽

Biotic Resources

According to its owners, the Forest of Seu Nico (FSN) from the Viçosa municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil, never has been logged and is therefore considered a primary forest. Nevertheless, the forest patch suffered impacts due to selective wood and non-timber extraction, fragmentation and isolation. Aim of this study was to test if the FSN, despite impacts, preserved characteristics of primary forests, which are elevated percentages of non-pioneer (>90%), animal-dispersed (>80 %), understory (>50%) and endemic species (~40%). For that, all trees with diameter at breast height equal or major than 3.2 cm within a plot of 100 x 100 m were identified. With 218 tree species found within this hectare, the FSN's species richness is outstanding for the region. The percentages of non-pioneer (92 %), animal-dispersed (85 %), understory (55 %) and endemic species (39.2 %) from the FSN fulfill the criteria proposed for primary forest. Therefore, we conclude that the FSN maintained its characteristics as a primary forest which highlights its importance for the conservation of biotic resources in the region, where similar fragments are lacking or not described yet.

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Response of Chinese Tallow (Triadica sebifera) and Coexisting Natives to Competition, Shade, and Flooding

Forest Science ◽

10.1093/forsci/fxab046 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olaniyi O Ajala ◽

Kathryn R Kidd ◽

Brian P Oswald ◽

Yuhui Weng ◽

Jeremy P Stovall

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Native Species ◽

High Irradiance ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Green Ash ◽

Lower Growth ◽

Triadica Sebifera ◽

Chinese Tallow ◽

Growth Metrics ◽

Water Tupelo

Abstract A greenhouse experiment was designed to determine the interactive effect of light, flooding, and competition on the growth and performance of Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera [L.] Roxb.) and three tree species native to the southeastern United States: water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica L.), sugarberry (Celtis occidentalis L.), and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall). The experiment used a factorial design that received two treatments: light (low irradiance or high irradiance) and flood (nonflooded and flooded) regimes. In the nonflooded and high irradiance treatment, changes in the growth (ground diameter, number of leaves, and total biomass) indicated that growth metrics of tallow were highest when growing with sugarberry and water tupelo but decreased when tallow was in competition with green ash. In contrast, competition with tallow reduced the height, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of water tupelo. The results showed that tallow had lower growth metrics when in competition with green ash at no apparent decrease in the growth of green ash except for growth rate. Our results suggest that tallow may be less competitive with certain native species and underplanting may be a possible opportunity for improving the success rates of native trees species establishment in areas prone to tallow invasion. Study Implications: Chinese tallow is a highly invasive tree species in the southeastern coastal states and in this study, we examined the growth and survival of tallow in competition with tree species native to the southeastern coastal states, USA. The growth of tallow differed greatly among native species in well-drained environments lacking forest overstory with lower growth metrics when grown with green ash but higher growth metrics when grown with water tupelo and sugarberry. Following density reduction treatments, we recommend management actions that promote the regeneration of native tree species to occupy the open vegetation canopy and suppress reestablishment of tallow.

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The endemic plant species of Mt Kupe, Cameroon with a new Critically Endangered cloud-forest tree species, Vepris zapfackii (Rutaceae)

Kew Bulletin ◽

10.1007/s12225-021-09984-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Martin Cheek ◽

Jean Michel Onana

Keyword(s):

Endemic Species ◽

Tree Species ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Endemic Plant ◽

Taxonomic Changes ◽

Mt Kupe ◽

Endemic Plant Species

SummaryWe revise and update the records of strict and near-endemic species of Mt Kupe, Cameroon respectively from 31 strict endemics in 2004, to 25 today, and with near-endemic species 30, unchanged in number but with turnover. The changes result from new collections, discoveries and taxonomic changes in the last 16 years. While 15 of the provisionally named putative endemic species have now been formally published, a further 18 have not. The majority of the 30 near-endemic species (18) are shared with the adjacent Bakossi Mts, far exceeding the numbers shared with the more distant Mt Etinde-Mt Cameroon, Rumpi Hills and Ebo forest areas (sharing three near-endemic species each with Mt Kupe). We test the hypothesis that a further one of the provisionally named putative Mt Kupe species, Vepris sp. 1 from submontane forest near the summit, is indeed new to science. We compare it morphologically with the two other bicarpellate high altitude Cameroon Highland tree species V. montisbambutensis Onana and V. bali Cheek, concluding that it is a new undescribed species here named as Vepris zapfackii. The new species is illustrated and its conservation status assessed as Critically Endangered using the 2012 IUCN standard, due to habitat clearance from agricultural pressures at its sole location which is unprotected. Vepris zapfackii and V. bali appear unique in African trifoliolate species of the genus in having opposite leaves. Vepris zapfackii differs in having hairy petiolules and midribs and petiolules with the blade decurrent distally, narrowing towards a winged-canaliculate base (vs glabrous and petiolule long, terete), and sparsely golden hairy pistillodes and a glabrous calyx (vs densely black hairy pistillodes, and sepals hairy).

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Exotic urban trees conserve similar natural enemy communities to native congeners but have fewer pests

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.6531 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e6531 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Steven D. Frank ◽

Kristi M. Backe ◽

Casey McDaniel ◽

Matthew Green ◽

Sarah Widney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Tree Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Urban Trees ◽

Scale Insects ◽

Single Family ◽

Exotic Trees ◽

Exotic Tree ◽

Native Tree Species ◽

Arthropod Pest

Urban trees serve a critical conservation function by supporting arthropod and vertebrate communities but are often subject to arthropod pest infestations. Native trees are thought to support richer arthropod communities than exotic trees but may also be more susceptible to herbivorous pests. Exotic trees may be less susceptible to herbivores but provide less conservation value as a consequence. We tested the hypotheses that native species in Acer and Quercus would have more herbivorous pests than exotic congeners and different communities of arthropod natural enemies. The density of scale insects, common urban tree pests, was greatest on a native Acer and a native Quercus than exotic congeners in both years of our research (2012 and 2016) and sometimes reached damaging levels. However, differences in predator and parasitoid abundance, diversity, and communities were not consistent between native and exotic species in either genus and were generally similar. For example, in 2012 neither predator nor parasitoid abundance differed among native and exotic Acer congeners but in 2016 a native species, A. saccharum, had the least of both groups. A native, Q. phellos, had significantly more predators and parasitoids in 2012 than its native and exotic congeners but no differences in 2016. Parasitoid communities were significantly different among Acer species and Quercus species due in each case to greater abundance of a single family on one native tree species. These native and exotic tree species could help conserve arthropod natural enemies and achieve pest management goals.

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Assessment of adaptive capacity of native and adventive species of trees and shrubs in Dnipro region

Питання степового лісознавства та лісової рекультивації земель ◽

10.15421/442102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 12-21

Author(s):

I. A. Ivanko ◽

A. F. Kulik

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Morus Alba ◽

Acer Platanoides ◽

Ulmus Pumila ◽

Acer Negundo ◽

Ulmus Laevis

Nowadays, deterioration and loss of ecological functions of urban tree and shrub plantations take place in Europe and, in particular, in Ukraine; it was noted that their number is insufficient to counteract the negative impact of global climate change and protect the population against industrial pollution effects. The issue of resistance of native and adventitious tree species used in the plantations of industrial cities remains relevant; it necessitates the assessment of physiological and biochemical aspects of their adaptation to extreme environmental factors, such as moisture limit in the steppe zone, periodic dangerously low winter temperatures and anthropo-technogenic load (in large urban agglomerations). In order to optimize the assortment of tree species of large megalopolises of the steppe zone of Ukraine and determine their potential resistance to anthropogenic pressures the study was conducted in conditionally clean forest biogeocenoses of the Samara River levee zone and in artificial plantations on the territories located in the coastal zone of the Dnipro River within 1500 m from the Prydneprovskaya thermal electric station (PTES, Dnipro city). It well known that the TPP is the source of atmospheric air pollution by such heavy metals as lead and cadmium. A study of the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in leaves of native and adventive tree species showed that in the zone of Prydneprovskaya TES impact there was an increase of guaiacol peroxidase activity in Acer platanoides, Ulmus minor, Morus alba; benzidine peroxidase in Acer negundo, Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides; catalase in A. platanoides, A. negundo, U. laevis, Ulmus pumila and Robinia pseudoasasia. High peroxidase activity, which is complemented by higher catalase activity, indicates the relative resistance of these species to atropo-technogenic pressures supported by antioxidant defense mechanisms. Total chlorophyll content (Chla + Chlb) in leaves of native species Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides and adventive Morus alba decreased in the zone of TPP impact in relation to conditionally clean areas. The ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b in contaminated areas significantly increased in leaves of native species Ulmus laevis, Ulmus minor, Acer platanoides compared with control. The invasive species Acer negundo, Morus alba, Ulmus pumila had no significant changes in this indicator. In invasive species such as Ulmus pumila, Acer negundo there was an increase in leaf mass, which may indicate adaptation of these species to anthropogenically altered growth conditions.

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Natural Regeneration of Indigenous Tree Species in Broussonetia papyrifera Invaded Sites in Pra -Anum Forest Reserve

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2020/6347962 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Moses Kwesi Yalley ◽

Daniel Adusu ◽

Abdul-Rahman Bunyamin ◽

Isaac Okyere ◽

Austin Asare

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽

Forest Reserve ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Indigenous Tree Species ◽

Control And Management

Broussonetia papyrifera invasion poses a serious threat to indigenous tree species in Ghana. Many conservation scientists therefore emphasize the need to control, manage, and possibly eradicate the species. However, attempts at control and management require adequate knowledge of its ecology and impact on invaded ecosystems. Employing a complete randomized design with twenty-four (24) 20 m × 20 m plots, 12 each on invaded and uninvaded sites, this study assesses the indigenous species regeneration potential under Broussonetia papyrifera-invaded sites in the Pra-Anum forest reserve. The study provides evidence of the negative impact of Broussonetia on the regenerative capacity of the reserve, as 335 seedlings per 4800 m2 distributed over 43 species were recorded on the uninvaded site compared to 156 seedlings per 4800 m2 distributed over 31 species on the invaded site. The study, however, observed some level of resilience of species belonging to the Ulmaceae and Lecythidaceae families, as they appeared fairly represented on the invaded site. Floristic diversity was also observed to be negatively impacted by Broussonetia invasion as mean Shannon and Simpson index values of 2.39 ± 0.71 and 0.89 ± 0.08 and 1.39 ± 0.24 and 0.64 ± 0.08 were recorded on the uninvaded and invaded sites, respectively. Furthermore, the Broussonetia invasion compromised the productivity of the forest ecosystem as 4.9 ± 1.61 mean economic tree species per 400 m2 plot were recorded on the invaded site compared to 13.8 ± 1.28 per 400 m2 plot on the uninvaded site. The study, therefore, concludes that Broussonetia invasion poses a serious threat to the integrity and productivity of the Pra-Anum forest reserve. Consequently, the study recommends the control of the spread of the species to protect the integrity of the Pra-Anum forest reserve. Also, restoration efforts in invaded areas of the reserve could consider the use of native species belonging to the Ulmaceae and Lecythidaceae families as they appear to be resilient to Broussonetia invasion.

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INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF FIVE TREE SPECIES NATIVE TO THE ATLANTIC FOREST IN RECOMPOSITION PLANTATIONS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v51i1.67317 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 070

Author(s):

Charles Rodrigo Belmonte Maffra ◽

Felipe Turchetto ◽

Edison Bisognin Cantarelli

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Tree Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Forest Restoration ◽

The Other ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Araucaria Angustifolia ◽

Economic Returns ◽

Initial Development ◽

Schizolobium Parahyba

The regularization of rural properties in the molds of the New Forest Code depends on the silvicultural study of the native species of the Brazilian biomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the initial growth of five native tree species of the Atlantic Forest, with a view to their use in forest restoration projects. The following species were produced in the nursery, planted in the field, and evaluated for performance: Araucaria angustifolia, Mimosa scabrella, Trichilia claussenii, Schizolobium parahyba, and Cordia trichotoma. These species were distributed in two different areas, based on the randomized block experimental design. In experiment 1, the species A. angustifolia, M. scabrella, and C. trichotoma were distributed in three randomized blocks, each composed of 11 plants of each species. In experiment 2, the species A. angustifolia, M. scabrella, T. claussenii, and S. parahyba were distributed in three randomized blocks, each one composed of five plants of each species. In general, S. parahyba and M. scabrella showed faster development than the other species and, in this regard, are promising candidates for forest areas constitution or reconstitution in which there is interest in obtaining economic returns in less time. Araucaria angustifolia and T. claussenii showed relatively low development, whereas C. trichotoma showed intermediate development in relation to the other species studied. Despite their differences in performance, all species proved to be suitable for use in reforestation, mainly in the region where the study was developed.

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ANALISIS VEGETASI DALAM UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN WISATA DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM PUNTI KAYU PALEMBANG PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi dan Keanekaragaman Hayati ◽

10.23960/jbekh.v5i2.41 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 7-14

Author(s):

Akbar Rulianto ◽

Afif Bintoro ◽

Gunadi Djoko Winarno ◽

Rahmat Safe'i

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Vegetation Analysis ◽

Nature Tourism ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

High Level

Punti Kayu Natural Tourism Park is a conservation forest contained in Palembang with an area of 50 hectares. Conservation forest utilization as a natural tourism park has a fantastic tourism development potential. Considering this matter, it is necessary to research about vegetation analysis at Punti Kayu nature tourism park for tourism development at Punti Kayu Palembang. The purpose of this research is to know the composition and structure of tree vegetation at TWA Punti Kayu Palembang. The research was conducted from April to June 2017. The method used in this research is Simple Random Sampling with 63 plot total sample.The results of this study obtained 24 tree species consisting of 949 tree phases, 114 pole phases, 141 sappling phases, and 375 phases of seedlings.Tree phases was dominated by Pinus Spesies with total 750 trees (INP 212,65%), in the pole phase, sapplings phase and seedling phase were dominated by Talok with total 25 poles (INP 57,96%), 17 sapplings (INP 39.89%) and 60 seedlings (INP 29.51%), The level of diversity of tree species and seedlings included in the low category, the tree of 0.493 and the seedlings of 0.824. One characteristic of good vegetation is the high level of species diversity. according to Kristinawanti et al (2013) good tree vegetation will have a positive impact on increasing tourist visits The results of this research can be used to support tourism in Punti Kayu Nature Tourism Park because it can be used as a reference to assess the management of Punti Kayu Nature Tourism Park.

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Opportunities and challenges in using remote sensing for identifying grassland restoration sites and invasive tree species management in a global biodiversity hotspot

10.1101/2020.07.24.219535 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M. Arasumani ◽

Milind Bunyan ◽

V. V. Robin

Keyword(s):

Endemic Species ◽

Tree Species ◽

Western Ghats ◽

Fire Frequency ◽

Annual Runoff ◽

Grassland Restoration ◽

Eucalyptus Species ◽

Exotic Trees ◽

Exotic Tree ◽

The Western Ghats

ABSTRACTTropical montane grasslands (TMG) support biodiverse and endemic taxa and provide vital ecosystems services to downstream communities. Yet invasive alien tree species across the world have threatened tropical grasslands and grassland endemic species. In India, TMG in the Shola Sky Islands of the Western Ghats have been reduced due to exotic tree invasions (acacias, pines, and eucalyptus species). The loss of grassland habitat has, in turn, reduced the range sizes of species endemic to grasslands (plants, birds, amphibians, and mammals), driving some populations to local extinction. Grassland conversion to exotic trees has also reduced the annual runoff in the Western Ghats. Conserving existing grassland and restoring invaded habitat is critical to reverse these losses. This research focused on identifying grassland restoration sites using satellite images with a high spatial resolution (RapidEye). We used an object-oriented Random Forest classification to map the area for grassland restoration. We have identified an area of 254 sq. km. as suitable for grassland restoration and an area of 362 sq. km. for grassland conservation and prevention from invasion by exotic tree species. For restoration, we recommend a cautious removal of young and isolated exotic trees at the invasion front and restoring grasslands, instead of removing dense stands of mature exotic trees. We find that areas with low fire frequency areas tend to be invaded, but areas invaded by exotic trees tend to burn hotter which may be harmful to grassland species and ecosystems. We assume that removing exotic tree species in the identified restoration sites and restoring the grassland will be helpful in recovering lost habitat and ensuring the viability of populations of indigenous and endemic species and increasing streamflow.

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Long-Term Effects of Forest Plantation Species on Chemical Soil Properties in Southern Rwanda

Soil Systems ◽

10.3390/soilsystems5040059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Peter Rwibasira ◽

Francois Xavier Naramabuye ◽

Donat Nsabimana ◽

Monique Carnol

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Tree Species ◽

Native Species ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Hot Water ◽

Eucalyptus Species ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Soil Functioning ◽

C And N

Understanding the long-term effects of tree species on soil properties is crucial for the development of forest restoration policies in relation to the choice of species that meet both environmental and local livelihood needs. This study was performed in the Arboretum of Ruhande, Southern Rwanda, where monocultures of 148 deciduous and 56 conifer species have been established in 0.25 ha replicated plots from 1933 onwards. We investigated the effects of six exotic and two native tree species planted in monoculture plots and native species mixed within one self-regenerated plot on soil properties in two layers (0–5 cm and 5–10 cm depth). We measured general soil properties (pH, SOM, exchangeable base cations) and water-soluble C and N as a proxy for soil functioning. Changes in soil properties were observed in the upper soil layer for all tree species. Planting Eucalyptus species caused soil acidification, whereas soil exchangeable cations and pH were higher under native species (Entandrophragma excelsum and Polyschias fulva) and mixed native species. The effects of tree species were more pronounced for hot water-extractable C and N than for other soil properties. Their analyses could be used for detecting changes in soil functioning linked to vegetation types.

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