scholarly journals In-package moisture supports quality maintenance of white asparagus 

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Bernhard Brueckner
Keyword(s):  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Lower Shear ◽  
Added Water ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Colour Saturation ◽  
Retail Conditions

White asparagus is a highly appreciated, high-value crop with a distinguished economic relevance among vegetables. Freshly harvested asparagus is available only during a short part of the year and the demand varies. The produce is perishable and only proper handling can ensure its quality after a reasonable shelf life. In this study, we investigated a new method to reduce one of the most important reasons for quality decline: fresh matter losses. The potential benefits or disadvantages of moist asparagus packaging for unpeeled white asparagus (cv. ‘Gijnlim’) was tested. We used polythene sleeves or bags, lined with cellulose fleece to hold added water for moisturizing. 500 g bunches of spears were filled in the bags. Spears were partly covered by the sleeves or totally covered by the bags. All spears were stored for 3 to 11 days at the temperature of 2°C, 8°C and a combination of 2°C/22°C.The last temperatures were to simulate retail conditions. In wet bags spear fresh weight increased, losses in bags with dry fleece were low. Maintaining of fresh weight in wet bags coincided significantly with higher bending firmness, and lower shear force, which points to less fibrousness. Wet storage also reduced the incidence of dried cut surfaces but promoted the incidence of lengthwise fractures and, in combination with higher temperature, grey-brown discolouration and colour saturation. Wet packaging may be beneficial primarily under low temperature and low air humidity storage conditions.

Comparison of Procedures for Isolation of Monoterpene Hydrocarbons from Fresh Needles of Picea abies and Picea omorica

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Holubová ◽  
Iva Chvílíčková ◽  
Vlastimil Kubáň
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Monoterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
And Storage

Extraction procedures (steam distillation, supercritical fluid extraction and solvent extraction) for isolation of monoterpene hydrocarbons from fresh needles of Picea abies and Picea omorica were optimised. The procedures were compared with the aim of minimizing consumption of needles and improving the extraction efficiency and repeatability. An influence of homogenisation procedures and storage conditions (liquid nitrogen, -18 and 4 °C) on the total content and composition of essential oils was studied. Cryogenic grinding (liquid nitrogen) combined with the extraction with cold hexane (extraction time 2 h) and subsequent GC-MS determination in freshly homogenised needles gives the best results (1.5-4 times better extraction efficiency, RSD < 10% for P. abies and < 25% for P. omorica). Limits of detections (3 S/N) for individual monoterpene hydrocarbons from units to tens of ng/g and recoveries 97.2-101.4% were found in fresh needles (calculated to fresh weight). While cooling to 4 °C is unacceptable, freezing at -18 °C for the period of 18 days in the dark gives also good results.

Effect on Cs removal of solid-phase metal oxidation in metal ferrocyanides

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keun-Young Lee ◽  
Jimin Kim ◽  
Maengkyo Oh ◽  
Eil-Hee Lee ◽  
Kwang-Wook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Metal Oxidation ◽  
Aging Period ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

AbstractMetal ferrocyanides (MFCs) have been studied for many years and are regarded as efficient adsorbents for the selective removal of radioactive cesium (Cs) from contaminated aqueous solutions. Although their efficiency has been demonstrated, various investigations on the physicochemical, thermal, and radiological stability of the solids of MFCs are required to enhance the applicability of MFCs in the treatment process. We observed that the Cs adsorption efficiencies of cobalt and nickel ferrocyanides decreased as their aging period increased, while the Cs adsorption efficiencies of copper and zinc ferrocyanides did not decrease. The tendencies of these ferrocyanides were accelerated by exposure of the solids at a higher temperature for a longer time. Our comprehensive analyses demonstrated that only the oxidizable metals in the MFCs can be oxidized by aging time and increasing temperature; also, this affects the Cs removal efficiency by decreasing the exchangeable sites in the solids. The chemical stability of MFCs is very important for the optimization of the synthesis and storage conditions.

scholarly journals The Influence of Storage Conditions on the Biochemical Composition and Morphology of Dahlia Tubers

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana CIOBANU ◽  
Maria CANTOR ◽  
Razvan STEFAN ◽  
Erzsebet BUTA ◽  
Klara MAGYARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Pathogen Invasion ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Ft Raman

The aim of this study was to assess by means of biometric measurements and FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopic techniques the influence of storage conditions on the morphology and biochemical composition of Dahlia tubers. Investigated samples belong to ‘Kennemerland’ and ‘Red Pygmy’ cultivars of the Dahlia hybrida species, which were preserved over winterat 5-8 °C, 30-40% air humidity in different substrates: sand, sand and sawdust, peat and sawdust. The biometric parameters revealed that the peat and sawdust substrate is the most appropriate one for tubers storage, whereas the sand substrate is the least suitable one. The inulin signature was evidenced in all tuber samples as well as the changes of biochemical composition induced by different storage conditions. The analysis of the FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra demonstrated that the inulinaccumulation inside the tubers is favourably influenced by the sand storage, and depends on the cultivar type. Moreover, it was established that the peat and sawdust substrate favours the polyacetylene formation inside the tubers probably because it facilitates the occurrence and development of pathogens inside the tuber. It was also found that the polyacetylene concentration increased, which is associated with the plant response to the pathogen invasion, depends on the cultivar type.

Effect of Osmotic Pre-treatment and Temperature Storage Conditions on Water Activity and Colour of Dried Apple

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Cichowska ◽  
Hanna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Osmotic Dehydration ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Juice Concentrate ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Chokeberry Juice

AbstractThe cylinders of apples cv.Braeburnwere subjected to osmotic dehydration in a sucrose solution with the addition of chokeberry juice concentrate. After osmotic pre-treatment the pieces of apples were dried by two methods: freeze-drying and air-drying. The storage results of dried apples at temperature 25–45 °C for 7 and 12 months were satisfactory. Mass changes were very minor. During storage dried apples obtained by both methods exhibited microbiological stability even after 7 and 12 months of storage, due to the fact that the water activity did not exceed the value of 0.4. Under the influence of the technological processes application, as well as storage conditions, appearance changes in the samples occurred. Higher temperature of storage had an increase impact in colour changes of control samples (without osmotic pre-treatment) and also osmotically dehydrated into sucrose solution, mainly in the case of samples which had dried using freeze-drying. Previously immersed in chokeberry juice concentrate, dried apples had colour changes comes from colour of solution.

scholarly journals En sur udfordring. Om surt papir i bibliotekets samlinger

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Vinther Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Western World ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Paper Machines ◽  
Set Up ◽  
National Significance ◽  
Short Time

NB: Artiklen er på dansk, kun resuméet er på engelsk. New materials were adopted during the industrialisation of paper production in the early 1800s. Experiments were done with straw and wood as fibre sources and acidic alum was commonly used as a sizing agent for all paper qualities produced by the paper machines. This, along with stiff competition among paper manufacturers, resulted in a drastic decrease in the quality of all types of paper and the production of vast quantities of acidic paper that could last only a relatively short time. Many of the Royal Library’s collections consist of acidic, short-fibre paper from around 1830 up to the middle of the 1980s when, finally, increased production of neutral-sized, long-like paper became possible. Acidic paper breaks down under ordinary storage conditions of room temperature and a certain degree of air humidity. Librarians and archivists throughout the Western world face a major challenge in the preservation of this relatively unstable material. To meet this challenge, various mass deacidification processes have been developed that, by deacidifying the paper, extend its lifetime three to four times. On the basis of a national report on the preservation of Danish cultural heritage, a committee was set up in 2004 to examine more closely the extent of acidic paper in the collections and whether mass deacidification of the country’s collections of unique national significance could be recommended. The committee had various sample tests done, including of the Royal Library’s collections. It was found that 70% of the Library’s collections date from 1800 to 1985 and that 93% of the objects concerned are more or less acidic. On the basis of the sample tests, it was possible to establish a rough prognosis as to how long the Library’s collections would be able to withstand ordinary physical handling, given that the paper, over time, will inevitably become so brittle that it disintegrates with use. If the collections are preserved in a climate, as was historically the case, at room temperature and varying humidity throughout the year, then half of the collections will have severely deteriorated in a hundred years. In order to ensure a longer lifetime, the collections can either be mass deacidified or the temperature and air humidity can be reduced so as to inhibit the breakdown processes. The committee and the Royal Library chose to work to ensure the collections’ long-term life by focusing on cool, dry storerooms, since this solution is, both from the financial point of view and with respect to preservation ethics, the most competitive. Lowering the temperature and the air humidity also makes it possible to extend the collections’ lifetime far more than with deacidification alone.

scholarly journals Forcing White Asparagus in Various Substrates under Cool and Warm Regimes

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 996-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Thomas A. Evans ◽  
Stephen A. Garrison
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Spent Mushroom Compost ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
One Year

One-year-old crowns of `Jersey Giant' asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) were forced into spear production at 28C in darkness. Total spear fresh weight and number per square meter responded quadratically to the percentage of sand incorporated in Pro-Mix BX (PMX) peat-lite medium, with maximum yields at 25% to 75% (by volume) PMX. In a second study conducted at 22 and 28C, total spear fresh weight and number per square meter for 96 days of harvest were similar when grown in weathered, spent mushroom compost (SMC) or 1 PMX: 1 sand (v/v), but were lower than those grown in PMX. The lower temperature caused heavier individual spears, while the higher temperature stimulated earlier spear production. During the first month of harvest at 22C, the total number and fresh weight of spears in SMC were 11% and 17% less, respectively, than in PMX. SMC may be a low-cost forcing substrate for white asparagus.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Storage Temperature and Humidity for Fresh Cranberries: A Reassessment of Chilling Sensitivity

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Forney
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fruit Storage ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Chilling Sensitivity ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Studies were conducted over three seasons to determine the relationship of temperature and humidity on the storage life of fresh cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) fruit. Each year, cranberries harvested from four commercial bogs were stored at temperatures ranging from 0 to 10 °C in combination with relative humidities (RH) ranging from 75% to 98%. Fruit were stored under these conditions for up to 6 months and were evaluated monthly for marketability, decay, physiological breakdown, weight loss, and firmness immediately after removal and after an additional week at 20 °C. The percentage of marketable fruit declined substantially over time in all storage conditions with 41% to 57% becoming unmarketable after 2 months as a result of both decay and physiological breakdown. Relative humidity had a greater effect on fruit storage life than temperature and after 5 months, the amount of marketable fruit stored in high (98%) and medium (88%) RH was 71% and 31% less than that stored in low (75% to 82%) RH. Rates of fresh weight loss increased as RH in storage decreased and was 0.41%, 0.81%, and 0.86% per month in fruit stored in high, medium, and low RH, respectively. Fruit firmness was not significantly affected by RH. The effects of storage temperatures ranging from 0 to 7 °C on marketable fruit after 2 to 5 months of storage were not significant. Only fruit stored at 10 °C consistently had fewer marketable fruit when compared with fruit stored at lower temperatures. Storage temperature had no significant effect on decay incidence. However, physiological breakdown was greatest in fruit stored at 10 °C. Rates of fresh weight loss increased with storage temperature, ranging from 0.35% to 1.17% per month for fruit stored at 0 to 10 °C, respectively. Contrary to previous reports, no evidence of chilling injury was found in cranberry fruit stored at 0 °C. Results suggest that cranberry fruit should be stored at 0 to 7 °C and 75% to 82% RH to retain marketable fruit.

EFFECTS OF PHOSPHATE SPRAYS ON McINTOSH APPLE FRUIT AND LEAF COMPOSITION, FLESH FIRMNESS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LOW-TEMPERATURE DISORDERS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. WEBSTER ◽  
P. D. LIDSTER
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Leaf Composition ◽  
Temperature Storage

Phosphate compounds (NH4H2PO4, KH2PO4 and CaH4(PO4)2 in 1982; NH4H2PO4 in 1983) applied to McIntosh apple trees as six foliar sprays at weekly intervals starting 4 wk after bloom, increased leaf and fruit P, decreased loss of firmness under some storage conditions and decreased incidence of low-temperature storage disorders. Phosphate sprays improved firmness retention of apples stored in either 5% CO2 plus 3% O2 or 0.7% CO2 plus 1% O2 in 1982 and maintained fruit firmness during a simulated shelf life at 20 °C for apples stored at 0 °C. Firmness retention at 20 °C of the 1983 crop was improved by monobasic ammonium phosphate regardless of storage temperature. Apple samples from unsprayed control trees had mean phosphorus concentrations of 85.4 and 94.4 ppm fresh weight in 1982 and 1983, respectively (whole fruit less seeds and stems).Key words: Apple, fruit phosphorus, low temperature breakdown, core flush

scholarly journals Effect of temperature and type of packages on nitrates and nitrites content in lettuce

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Józef Bąkowski ◽  
Helena Michalik ◽  
Marcin Horbowicz
Keyword(s):  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fresh Matter

Lettuce wrapped in unperforated PE film, perforated PE film, stretch film and without wrapping was stored at 1, 6, 20 and 28°C. Freshly harvested lettuce and after one day of storage, independently on storage conditions, did not contains nitrites„ During storage of lettuce at 1°C only one time small quantities of nitrites (4.3 mg NO<sub>2</sub>/kg fresh matter) were found - after twelve days storage in perforated PE film. Storage of lettuce longer than 7 days at 6°C caused formation of nitrites. Lettuce stored at 20 and 28°C in unperforated PE film contained nitrites already after 2 or 3 days of storage. Decline of nitrates during storage of lettuce was independent from film used to wrapping.

scholarly journals Growth and Flowering Responses of Cyclamen persicum to Temperature and Photosynthetic Photon Flux

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 834B-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wook Oh* ◽  
In Hye Cheon ◽  
Ki Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature

This research was conducted to investigate the growth and flowering responses of Cyclamen persicum Mill. `Piccolo' to temperature and photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPF), and to obtain fundamental data for production of good quality pot plant. Cyclamen plants with 10 fully unfolded leaves were grown in growth chambers maintained at three day/night temperatures [20/10 (LT), 25/15 (MT), and 30/20 °C (HT)] combined with three PPF [250 (LF), 350 (MF), and 650 (HF) μmol·m-2·s-1] under 14 h-photoperiod. After 3 months, the higher the temperature was, the greater plant width was. It was the greatest under MT/MF and HT/MF. The number of leaves was greater with increasing temperature and PPF. Petiole length, leaf size, and fresh weight were higher with increase in temperature but decrease in PPF. Days to flowering were lower in MT/MF and MT/HF, but higher under LT regardless of PPF. The number of flowers was the highest under MT/MF and MT/HF, and higher under MF in each temperature treatment. Flowering period was longer in LT and MT compared with HT. Most leaves of plants grown under HT curled upward because of boron deficiency induced by higher temperature and lower humidity. Chlorophyll content was higher in medium and low temperature, except LT/HF. The lower side of leaf in low temperature was more reddish compared to that in higher temperature due to some pigments considered as anthocyanin. Photosynthesis was the highest in MT/MF, but low in MT/HF and LT/HF in accordance with the chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) which was lower under the same environment. These results indicate that 25/15°C and 350 μmol·m-2·s-1 yielded the best pot cyclamen in this study.

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