scholarly journals Grid-based simulation of a lateral move irrigation system

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
S. Grashey-Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Precision Irrigation ◽  
Grid Based

A central objective in irrigation science is the improvement of the water use efficiency (WUE). Mostly the focus is laid on improvements and innovations in irrigation technology. The characteristics of soils are often considered to be of secondary importance or totally disregarded. This paper reports on the simulation of a sensor network based irrigation system. The simulation was designed for a lateral move irrigation system with a notional irrigated area of 100 × 200 m. A grid-based network with soil specific calibrated and wireless moisture sensors (SMSN) captures the actual soil water content and calculates the corresponding water tensions simultaneously. The simulation in this paper is presented with two different modes of irrigation: the undifferentiated and evenly distributed irrigation (UDI-mode) and the differentiated precision irrigation (DPI-mode) which is adapted to the soil properties. The UDI-mode has been the most frequently applied practice so far and connected with an uncontrolled application of irrigation water. A supply under or over the real water demand of the plants is the consequence. In the DPI-mode the amount of given water is controlled by the soil water tensions (SWTs) calculated by pedotransfer functions (PTFs).

scholarly journals Improvement of Economic Water Productivity of Cucumber by using Soil Water Retention Technology under Subsurface Trickle Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Fatima Sadoon Mushab ◽  
Sabah Anwer Almasraf
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Use Efficiency

Subsurface soil water retention (SWRT) is a recent technology for increasing the crop yield, water use efficiency and then the water productivity with less amount of applied water. The goal of this research was to evaluate the existing of SWRT with the influence of surface and subsurface trickle irrigation on economic water productivity of cucumber crop. Field study was carried out at the Hawr Rajab district of Baghdad governorate from October 1st, to December 31st, 2017. Three experimental treatments were used, treatment plot T1 using SWRT with subsurface trickle irrigation, plot T2 using SWRT with surface trickle irrigation, while plot T3 without using SWRT and using surface tickle irrigation system. The obtained results showed that the economic water productivity in plot T1 was greater than plots T2 and T3. The increasing value was about 65 % and 124 %, respectively. The benefit of the installing SWRT along with subsurface trickle irrigation in the crop root zone assisted to keep the water, nutrients and fertilizers during the root zone profile, improving the field water use efficiency and then the parameter of water productivity.

Design of Agricultural Intelligent Irrigation System in Green Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 1007-1011
Author(s):  
Yu Kun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Import Prices ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Traditional Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Intelligent Irrigation ◽  
Humidity Monitoring ◽  
Precision Irrigation

The intelligent irrigation system can achieve precision irrigation, which is an effective way for the sustainable development of agriculture in arid area. In this paper, using the CC2430, intelligent irrigation system was designed and implemented according to the actual needs of the decision-making and management of plant irrigation. Distribution of soil temperature and humidity monitoring the system to solve the difficult and critical hardware products import prices too high and difficult to promote. The system cost compared to similar foreign products decreased 44.8%. Compared with traditional irrigation methods, crop water use efficiency of 22.6%

scholarly journals Soil Water Content and High-Resolution Imagery for Precision Irrigation: Maize Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso de Lara ◽  
Louis Longchamps ◽  
Raj Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Precision Irrigation

Improvement in water use efficiency of crops is a key component in addressing the increasing global water demand. The time and depth of the soil water monitoring are essential when defining the amount of water to be applied to irrigated crops. Precision irrigation (PI) is a relatively new concept in agriculture, and it provides a vast potential for enhancing water use efficiency, while maintaining or increasing grain yield. Neutron probes (NPs) have consistently been used as a robust and accurate method to estimate soil water content (SWC). Remote sensing derived vegetation indices have been successfully used to estimate variability of Leaf Area Index and biomass, which are related to root water uptake. Crop yield has not been evaluated on a basis of SWC, as explained by NPs in time and at different depths. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the optimal time and depth of SWC and its relationship to maize grain yield (2) to determine if satellite-derived vegetation indices coupled with SWC could further improve the relationship between maize grain yield and SWC. Soil water and remote sensing data were collected throughout the crop season and analyzed. The results from the automated model selection of SWC readings, used to assess maize yield, consistently selected three dates spread around reproductive growth stages for most depths (p value < 0.05). SWC readings at the 90 cm depth had the highest correlation with maize yield, followed closely by the 120 cm. When coupled with remote sensing data, models improved by adding vegetation indices representing the crop health status at V9, right before tasseling. Thus, SWC monitoring at reproductive stages combined with vegetation indices could be a tool for improving maize irrigation management.

The Feasibility of Photovoltaic Pumping System For Apple Orchards Irrigation in Loess Plateau

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Sun ◽  
Xining Zhao ◽  
Xuerui Gao ◽  
Yubao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Western China ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Application Potential

&lt;p&gt;Rainwater collection and utilization is a common method to relieve soil water pressure in dry dryland orchards. Due to relatively low levels of economic development and population distribution, these areas are unable to develop electricity or import large amounts of energy, resulting in rainwater harvesting often not being fully utilized. Photovoltaic (PV) pumping system is an effective way to ensure the sustainable utilization of soil water in apple orchards. In order to explore the application potential of PV pumping system in the apple suitable area of the loess plateau, this study simulates the rainwater collection amount and the orchard water demand change process in typical hydrological years and conducts a feasibility analysis of the PV pumping system from both technical and economic perspectives. The results found that the precipitation from June to October could not meet the water requirement of the growth of apple tree in the demonstration orchard and the total annual water demand reaches 170 m&amp;#179;. Fortunately, the local solar energy resources can basically meet the demand for solar energy in the PV pumping irrigation system, which ensures sufficiently irrigation water for the apple trees grow. After the completion of the PV pumping irrigation system, the income from the increase in fresh grass production in the demonstration area will reach 8019 CNY/year. The ratio of investment to income is 1:3.0. The investment recovery period is 4 years and it has good economic feasibility. Finally, using spatial geographic information technology, the apple-adapted area is systematically matched with the most suitable planting area for solar irrigation. The land area suitable for solar technology irrigation accounts for 47.6% of the total area, showing promising prospects to be popularized in Western China at large scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;KEY WORDS: photovoltaic pumping System; Loess plateau; economic benefit; application potential; Apple orchards&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Estimation of Evapotranspiration and Water Requirements of Strawberry Plants in Greenhouses Using Environmental Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Jun Jo ◽  
Dong Sub Kim ◽  
Ha Seon Sim ◽  
Su Ran Ahn ◽  
Hye Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Daily Evapotranspiration ◽  
Precision Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Requirements ◽  
Temperature Equation

Farmers routinely determine irrigation requirements from visual observations and cultivation experience, but this can lead to under- or over-irrigation. To establish precise irrigation technology for strawberry cultivation, the average daily evapotranspiration and water requirements were estimated according to the environmental data: air temperature and humidity from the center of the greenhouses and solar radiation from outside greenhouses. Makkink FAO24 equations (temperature and cloudiness) were used to estimate the evapotranspiration and water requirements. The temperature equation showed higher correlation coefficients in solar radiation (R2 = 0.60), evapotranspiration (R2 = 0.76), and water requirements (R2 = 0.69) than other tested equations. The daily irrigation, calculated from the estimated evapotranspiration, was 3.8 tons/10a. It is possible to develop a precision irrigation system from estimated evapotranspiration during the winter cultivation of “Seolhyang” strawberries in South Korea.

Spray irrigation on dairy pastures - efficient or not?

2006 ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
S.M. Thomas ◽  
D. Bloomer ◽  
R.J. Martin ◽  
A. Horrocks
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Irrigation Application ◽  
Irrigation Uniformity ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Spray Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Distribution Uniformity

Applying water efficiently is increasingly important for dairy farmers and other users of surface and groundwater resources to maintain sustainable production. However, irrigation is rarely monitored. We used a questionnaire survey and measurements of five spray irrigation systems working in normal farm conditions to make observations on how efficiently irrigation is being managed. Survey results from 93 dairy farmers showed that, although the farmers believe they know how much water is being applied during irrigation, only 60% make measurements, and about 18% measure irrigation uniformity. Catch-can measurement of irrigation application depth for the different spray systems indicated large variability in application depths during irrigation, and field distribution uniformity ranged greatly between the different systems, decreasing in the order of centre pivots >travelling irrigators> K-line. Changes in irrigation system settings were sometimes made without considering application depths or uniformity. If our five case studies are typical, they may explain the large range of seasonal irrigation amounts recorded in the survey. We recommend that farmers monitor irrigation application depths and uniformity to help manage irrigation water efficiently and to help them estimate the value of irrigation to their enterprise. Keywords: distribution uniformity, water use efficiency, catch cans

CALCULATION PARAMETERS OF SPRINKLING MACHINES WITH COMBINED FRONTAL AND CIRCULAR MOVEMENT

1970 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
N. N. Dubenok ◽  
G. V. Olgarenko ◽  
B. S. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Calculated Data ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Linear Mode ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Center Pivot ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
The Given ◽  
Operation Characteristics

If the center pivot or linear moving irrigation machines are operated with their own individual irrigation technologies, but the irrigation machines with combined center-pivot and linear moving mode are operated on one field in turn as a center pivot and as a linear. The goal of this work is creation of theoretical base for calculation of improved irrigation machines parameters and existing irrigation equipment modernizing, according to the different natural conditions. The research object is investigation of characteristics of rain delivered from irrigation machines with combined center-pivot and linear moving mode, assuring uniform irrigation distribution according to the irrigation technology and operation parameters, size and configuration of seasonal norm as well as to the irrigation scheduling. The pointed goal is achieved by the given problem solving, when having basic data on the irrigation norm and time, as well as operation characteristics and the irrigation area configuration, the predicted hydro modulus are calculated for the irrigation machine working in a center pivot and in a linear mode. The simulation of sprinkling devices operation on the machine is made by one universal formula, when on the plots irrigated in center pivot and linear mode is achieved equality of arranged hydro modulus to the corresponding calculated data. At that, are considered all the possible combinations of the total irrigated area parts, irrigated with different technologies.

Exploring Northwest China's agricultural water-saving strategy: analysis of water use efficiency based on an SE-DEA model conducted in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mu ◽  
L. Fang ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
L. Chen ◽  
Y. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

Worldwide, water scarcity threatens delivery of water to urban centers. Increasing water use efficiency (WUE) is often recommended to reduce water demand, especially in water-scarce areas. In this paper, agricultural water use efficiency (AWUE) is examined using the super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach in Xi'an in Northwest China at a temporal and spatial level. The grey systems analysis technique was then adopted to identify the factors that influenced the efficiency differentials under the shortage of water resources. From the perspective of temporal scales, the AWUE increased year by year during 2004–2012, and the highest (2.05) was obtained in 2009. Additionally, the AWUE was the best in the urban area at the spatial scale. Moreover, the key influencing factors of the AWUE are the financial situations and agricultural water-saving technology. Finally, we identified several knowledge gaps and proposed water-saving strategies for increasing AWUE and reducing its water demand by: (1) improving irrigation practices (timing and amounts) based on compatible water-saving techniques; (2) maximizing regional WUE by managing water resources and allocation at regional scales as well as enhancing coordination among Chinese water governance institutes.

Data Assimilation with Soil Water Content Sensors and Pedotransfer Functions in Soil Water Flow Modeling

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Pan ◽  
Yakov Pachepsky ◽  
Diederik Jacques ◽  
Andrey Guber ◽  
Robert L. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Flow Modeling ◽  
Soil Water Flow
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