scholarly journals Configurations of Fortified Settlements of the Sintashta-Petrovka Type: Forms, Sizes, Transformations

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Nikolai V. Soldatkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Linear Arrangement ◽  
Rounded Corner ◽  
The Common ◽  
Early Section ◽  
Architectural Tradition ◽  
Radial Arrangement

The article aims to analyze the configurations of fortified settlements of the Sintashta-Petrovka type (SPT settlements). Sources of information about the configurations are the results of remote research (aerial photographs, geomagnetic maps, topographic maps) and data from archaeological excavations. The study of configurations is one of the aspects of settlement archaeology at the level of research of the structure of the whole settlement. The article summarizes and compares the characteristics of forms, layouts, sizes, variants of transformations. The forms of SPT settlements can be divided into two types: rounded, with a radial arrangement of rows of dwellings, and subrectangular, with a linear arrangement. Eight sites are classified as rounded, sixteen are subrectangular. In the forms of many settlements there are mixed signs that emphasize the common architectural tradition: rounded settlements have separate straightened segments and straight rows of buildings, and subrectangular ones have rounded bends of building lines and rounded corner sections. In summarizing the size indicators, small, medium and large settlements were identified. The small ones have an area from 6 to 13 m2; thousand nine sites – subrectangular, with two rows of dwellings, and rounded, with one ring of buildings – are small. The small m2. settlements have about 20 to 30 buildings. The number of medium settlements is also nine, their area is from 15 to 21 thousand Most medium-sized sites are either subrectangular, with four rows of buildings, or rounded, with two rings of buildings. The medium m2. sized settlements have about 40 to 60 buildings. There are six large settlements; their area is 23 to 32 thousand Two of the large settlements are oval, four subrectangular, with traces of significant rearrangements. Due to the small volume of field research, it is difficult to estimate the number of dwellings in large settlements. The generalization of the remote data and the results of the excavations allows the author to propose a scheme of transformations of the SPT settlements. The structural component of their configurations is a row of closely spaced dwellings, enclosed by a line of fortifications. Several rows, most often two or four, oriented linearly or radially, form the inner space of the closed fortified settlement. While the fortified settlements functioned, they were restructured, with preservation of the general principles of regularity and isolation of the living environment. There are three main scenarios for rebuilding: the completion of rows to the early section, the overlapping of fortified villages, the reduction of the area of a fortified settlement. The final stage of the life of settlements is associated with the gradual abandonment of the cramped and closed configurations. The Srubnaya-Alakul settlements, successors of the SPT settlements, use more spacious, dispersed layouts, with partial preservation of the tradition of building rows of closely spaced dwellings and with refusal to build fortifications.

Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma: A Brief Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (9) ◽  
pp. 1358-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Vernon ◽  
Pablo A. Bejarano
Keyword(s):  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Cytogenetic Abnormality ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Deep Soft Tissue ◽  
Balanced Translocation ◽  
Linear Arrangement ◽  
Myxoid Stroma ◽  
Fibromyxoid Sarcoma ◽  
The Common

Abstract Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcomas are uncommon deep soft tissue neoplasms first described by Evans in 1987. They exhibit a deceptively benign appearance, with a whorled or linear arrangement of spindle-shaped cells showing few to absent mitoses. A characteristic, but not specific, feature is the presence of areas of myxoid stroma. Recurrences are common, and late metastases have been recorded. A closely related but morphologically distinct tumor, the so-called hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes, has also been described; both neoplasms share the same cytogenetic abnormality, a balanced translocation resulting in a FUS/CREB3L2 fusion gene. Because of similar clinical behavior and the common cytogenetic abnormality, some authors prefer to consider both lesions as a single entity within the spectrum of low-grade sarcomas.

scholarly journals A study of the speech of bilingual children of Russian Germans living in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-190
Author(s):  
Camilla Licari ◽  
Monica Perotto
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Migration History ◽  
The Common ◽  
Russian Germans

The article presents the relevant issue of analysing the common features of the grammar of Russian as language inherited by the second or third generation of migrant children in Europe and in the world. The novelty of the study is in the fact that it compares the speech of children with different dominant languages and, in particular, studies the speech of a group of children from families of Russian Germans living in Germany under dual language inheritance. Their parents have a very rich migration history, as they are, in turn, also heritage speakers of German, the language, which they spoke in their family. In the present paper, the main task will be to identify the common features determined by the contact between Russian as a heritage language and other languages, especially at morphological and lexical levels. For this purpose, a field research project was conducted at the Learning and Integration Centre Dialog e. V. in Reutlingen. The analysis of oral and written works of bilingual children of the last generation of Russian Germans showed not only the common elements of erosion identified in the heritage grammar, but also the special linguistic features caused by the transition from German-Russian to Russian-German inheritance. The influence of their parents language distinguishes them from other groups of Russian students, emphasizes the importance of studying not only childrens, but also their parents speech, as well as teaching standard Russian in the framework of non-formal education.

scholarly journals Impact of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia Services for the Growth of the Indonesian Christian Church Resident Sudirman Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Wimpie Tanojo
Keyword(s):  
Church Growth ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

The ministries of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia are the foundation of a church, meaning that a church that is aware of its duty and calling on this earth must rely on these three ministries. It can be said that the true main duty of the church is reflected in the ministry of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia. Based on this main task, the church must be able to demonstrate and impart the life of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia with the aim of impacting and changing human life. This is what the Ressud Sudirman Surabaya Indonesian Christian Church is aware of in the context of its duties and vocation as a church that has been present in the midst of the Surabaya community, of course its presence is required to fulfill God's plan to become salt and light, a blessing for the surrounding community in general and the congregation in particular. through Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia's ministry. This research uses a descriptive method. The author directly conducts research, both literature and field research. Bibliography that contains various theoretical data related to topic material from various sources of information which contains important statements to support the accuracy of the research. In addition, this research is also complemented by field research either through questionnaires or direct interviews with several trusted sources including congregants, church activists, servants, sympathizers so that the results of the research present a strong and accurate combination because they are supported by strong theoretical aspects but are also followed by field research evidence. The purpose of this study: first to realize how important the services of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia are for the growth of the Indonesian Christian Church in Ressud Surabaya in particular and to the Lord's church in general. Second, the Church is aware of her duty and calling on this earth which has been mandated by God to be her witness so that the impact is evident in church growth both in quality and quantity. Third, the Church of God has the correct concept of the impact of the ministry of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia on church growth from the perspective of Missiology, Theology and Ecclesiology. Based on the research conducted by the author, the results obtained are how the extraordinary impact of the services of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia on the growth of the Indonesian Christian Church Ressud Surabaya.   This is evidenced by the increasing number of church members from year to year and the increasing quality of the congregation's faith. By having a correct understanding of the ministry of Diakonia, Koinonia and Marturia, the congregation will be more active and diligent in carrying out the duties and responsibilities that have been mandated by God to become a blessing, to become salt and light in this world, in various forms of diaconial services such as selling rice. cheap for the congregation and partly distributed by the surrounding community, cheap medical treatment and even free for the congregation and the poor by establishing a polyclinic "Waluyojati", scholarships for underprivileged congregations ranging from elementary, junior high and even vocational levels, house renovation program held 1 a year one to two times for the congregation. In the form of Koinonia, it can be seen from the congregation that is divided into several sectors or regions, the congregation will continue to grow and increase even out of the city, namely Lamongan, Denpasar and even to Batam, the Denpasar congregation was institutionalized in 2003, while in the city of Surabaya the Indonesian Christian Church Lebak Jaya was matured in 1994 and the Kutisari area in 1998 was instituted simultaneously in 1998 the Batam Indonesian Christian Church was also institutionalized where the Batam Indonesia Christian Church is the fruit of the ministry of several Indonesian Christian Churches including the Indonesian Christian Church Ressud in it. The goal is to be a witness through this service, but the most important of this research is that the Indonesian Christian Church congregation in Ressud is a congregation that has marturia diaconiality, while the implementation of Marturia directly or verbally is not optimal, this is also acknowledged by the council is a local church based on interviews and research based on a questionnaire.

Simple Hardworking Christian Folks, or the Self-Image of Contemporary Belarusian Kolkhozniks

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-279
Author(s):  
Anna Engelking
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Christian Nation ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Insight Into

This article concerns the anthropological inquiry about collective identity of contemporary Belarusian kolkhozniks. The author had conducted her field research (1993-2011) in both west and east Belarus. Source materials consist of about seven hundred conversations with individuals overwhelmingly more than sixty years of age. By analyzing and interpreting their narrative, the author traced the implicit values, norms, rules, basic semiotic dichotomies, and distinctive attributes in search of an unbiased insight into the content, structure, and building process of collective identity of the subjects under study. She concludes that the dichotomies, constitutive for collective identity of kolkhozniks—“peasant” versus “lord,” “peasant” versus “Jew,” and “Christian” versus “Jew”—result in the self-definition of muzhik-kolkhoznik as a simple, hard-working man “from here” belonging to a “Christian nation.” Neither the nation nor motherland, state nor language, belongs to the principal values of this group, which are “working the land” and “faith in God.” As a result of the petrifaction of the old model of the serfdom manor by the Soviet kolkhoz system, in a Belarusian village we presently encounter one of the last European residuals of premodern mentality and social identity. The image of Belarusian kolkhozniks’ collective identity has little to do with the popular category of Homo sovieticus and with the common stereotype of the kolkhoz. The human subject of the author’s anthropological reflection shows up as a person dealing amazingly well with extremely difficult living conditions and the modern, vivid personification of the archaic Homo religiosus.

San Felipe on the Yucatan Peninsula Coast. Socioeconomic, Demographic and Housing Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Fraga Berdugo ◽  
◽  
Ana Gavaldon Hoshiko
Keyword(s):  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Precautionary Approach ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Urban Problem ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
The Common

Between comprehension and understanding an urban problem (¿Towards where San Felipe will grow housing taking into account the ecosystem coastal-marine?) we entered the community with a precautionary approach due to the absence of sources of information or that they were not robust enough to understand the common thread of the study that it was intended to perform

Festival attendees’ motivations: the case of International Troia Festival

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Duran ◽  
Bahattin Hamarat
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
The Common

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate underlying motivational dimensions of visitors attending the International Troia Festival (ITF), Çanakkale, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach – Surveys with 26 items on six motivational dimensions were empirically tested. Data were collected by a self-administered survey. The study sample comprised attendees of particular festival events which were suitable for survey practice in the ITF lasting for five days. The participants of the survey were the attendees of two theater shows, two conferences, and two folk dance shows. A total of 473 usable forms were obtained from the visitors and processed in the analysis. Findings – Significant differences and relations in motivational dimensions were found on the basis of visitors’ socio-demographic origins. Female visitors are more likely to attend festival events with high motivation of family togetherness and cultural exploration. Also male visitors are more likely to attend the events with more motivation of event attraction and escape and excitement than family togetherness. Motivation of cultural exploration is also high for all socio-demographic groups of festival visitors. Thereby, cultural exploration and family togetherness are also highly important for attendees. The basic theme of the ITF was identified as a cultural festival which essentially motivates visitors to attend particularly for cultural exploration. Research limitations/implications – The findings of this paper solely reflect the motivational dimensions identified during a Turkish festival with a cultural lifestyle. Practical implications – The field research of the study demonstrates the application of methodology by event managers to gain better understanding into visitor motivation, satisfaction, behavioral intention, event organization, and event theme. Originality/value – The important theoretical contribution of the study is in the area of establishing a meaningful and empirical relation between motivation of festivals and cultural structure of community as part of the perceived socio-cultural impacts of festivals. This implies and empirically substantiates the common belief that festivals and events can be instrumental in enriching cultural life.

scholarly journals Cultural and Health Management Practices of the Garo Community of Bangladesh: A Case Study of the Garos of Greater Mymensingh District

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Md Moklesur Rahman Sarker ◽  
Abdul Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

An extensive survey study was carried out on different aspects of health management practices of the Garo communities in Bangladesh to assess their actual present health status. The study was carried out on 1205 respondents out of 40,173 total Garo people of the study area of greater Mymensingh district. The study revealed that Garos enjoy a better health status than the common Bengali community. It was also observed that traditional cultural practices have great influence on the health management of the Garos. Many of the Garos think that diseases result from the dissatisfaction of the gods and goddesses or curses of the evil spirits. Thus they sacrifice animals to please the spirits to get relief of their diseases. Almost all the Garos use water from tube well (53.69%) or puller pump (44.81%) for drinking, bathing and cleaning purposes. Every family has a latrine. Almost everybody is concerned about regular dental care and half of the Garos are concerned about family planning. Garos eat a wider variety of foods including numerous natural plants as vegetables, some of which have medicinal values. Traditionally Garos are fond of drinking wine, prepared from boiled rice. The study also revealed that the Garos are generally less attacked by diseases than the common Bengali people. This may be attributed to their better living environment, food habits, cleanliness, hard work in the fields and sufficient rest after work and, after all, consciousness about health and diseases. But yet, diseases are quite common in this community; the most common one being Malaria. Most of the Garos take treatment from their traditional health practitioners although treatment of modern Allopathic system is available in the local Christian hospitals. About 55.68% of the Garos expressed their firm faith on their traditional treatment systems. In spite of some superstitions about diseases and health, the overall health status of the Garos is comparatively better than the majority of the mainland Bengali community. Key Words: Garo community, Garo culture, Health management practices, Traditional healers     doi:10.3329/sjps.v1i1.1783 S. J. Pharm. Sci. 1(1&2): 29-37

scholarly journals Exploratory analyses of migration timing and morphometrics of the Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-140
Author(s):  
Tibor Csörgő ◽  
Péter Fehérvári ◽  
Zsolt Karcza ◽  
Andrea Harnos
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Migration Timing ◽  
The Common ◽  
Annual Means

AbstractOrnithological studies often rely on long-term bird ringing data sets as sources of information. However, basic descriptive statistics of raw data are rarely provided. In order to fill this gap, here we present the fifth item of a series of exploratory analyses of migration timing and body size measurements of the most frequent Passerine species at a ringing station located in Central Hungary (1984–2016). First, we give a concise description of foreign ring recoveries of the Common Nightingale in relation to Hungary. We then shift focus to data of 3892 ringed and 1499 recaptured individuals derived from the ringing station, where birds have been trapped, handled and ringed with standardized methodology since 1984. Timing is described through annual and daily capture and recapture frequencies and their descriptive statistics. We show annual mean arrival dates within the study period and present the cumulative distributions of first captures with stopover durations. We present the distributions of wing, third primary, tail length and body mass, and the annual means of these variables. Furthermore, we show the distributions of individual fat and muscle scores, and the distributions of body mass within each fat score category. We distinguish the spring and autumn migratory periods and breeding season and age groups (i.e. juveniles and adults). Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the analysed variables. However, we do not aim to interpret the obtained results, merely to draw attention to interesting patterns that may be worth exploring in detail. Data used here are available upon request for further analyses.

scholarly journals NATIONWIDE HYBRID CHANGE DETECTION OF BUILDINGS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B7 ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hron ◽  
L. Halounova
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Object Based Image Analysis ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Further Development

The Fundamental Base of Geographic Data of the Czech Republic (hereinafter FBGD) is a national 2D geodatabase at a 1:10,000 scale with more than 100 geographic objects. This paper describes the design of the permanent updating mechanism of buildings in FBGD. The proposed procedure belongs to the category of hybrid change detection (HCD) techniques which combine pixel-based and object-based evaluation. The main sources of information for HCD are cadastral information and bi-temporal vertical digital aerial photographs. These photographs have great information potential because they contain multispectral, position and also elevation information. Elevation information represents a digital surface model (DSM) which can be obtained using the image matching technique. Pixel-based evaluation of bi-temporal DSMs enables fast localization of places with potential building changes. These coarse results are subsequently classified through the object-based image analysis (OBIA) using spectral, textural and contextual features and GIS tools. The advantage of the two-stage evaluation is the pre-selection of locations where image segmentation (a computationally demanding part of OBIA) is performed. It is not necessary to apply image segmentation to the entire scene, but only to the surroundings of detected changes, which contributes to significantly faster processing and lower hardware requirements. The created technology is based on open-source software solutions that allow easy portability on multiple computers and parallelization of processing. This leads to significant savings of financial resources which can be expended on the further development of FBGD.

scholarly journals Application of MNPs-IHSPN nanoparticles in really stabilization of biomolecules bio drugs In-vitro environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Binandeh ◽  
Sadegh Rostamnia ◽  
Farrokh Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Covalent Bonding ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Important Drug

Abstract All scientists are working on biomedicine and Nano-biotechnology. So, one of the most important issues is the study of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs-IHSPN). The purpose of this project is to examine the approach of using a common buffer to determine the degree of stabilization and release of two molecules of drugs that have been analyzed In-vitro. The structures as a SEM and FT-IR instruments and were used in the amount of 25 mg. After the reaction with biomolecules, the absorption rate was about 60-80%. The release of biomolecules was done by a buffer PBS by spectrophotometer analysis. It is noteworthy that these biomolecules was tested in two forms of covalent and electrostatic bonding. EDX analysis and electrophoresis were used to stabilize the absorption rate in the electrostatic transplant and FT-IR analysis for fixation of covalent bonding. The overall result of this project is to use the common characteristics of some biomolecules for important drug exchange in the living environment of cells.

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