Tuberculose: os futuros profissionais de saúde são preparados para o atendimento adequado do paciente?

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(1). The literature shows that the multiprofessional team responsible for managing tuberculosis is not able to dealing with re-emergence of the disease, in addition acting in non-integral and humanized way. Objective: To check if university students that will be inserted in primary care are able to identify and manage patients with tuberculosis. Methods and materials: Semi-structured questionnaires were applied to students of the last periods of health courses. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: Most of the interviewees said they have already had contact with the topic tuberculosis during graduation. Regarding the manifestations, 65 (38.24%) considered cough, weight loss, fever, loss of appetite, nocturnal sweating and weakness as the main symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis. In contrast, 97 (57.06%) considered the presence of hemoptoic sputum as the main manifestation. The minority of the interviewees knew how to correctly define a respiratory symptomatic subject. Conclusion: Through the analysis of the results it is possible to notice that the university is the main source of knowledge of the university students about tuberculosis. One had identified gaps to be filled, as in relation to the manifestations of the disease, the difficulty in identifying a respiratory symptomatic subject, the lack of knowledge of the change in the vaccination schedule and mandatory rapid HIV testing. In addition, it is noticed that there is difficulty in the adequate management of the patients. In view of the results, there is a need to improve teaching in relation to tuberculosis.

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Consumption of caffeine among University students in Ajman

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 1565

Author(s):

Farwa Kazmi ◽

Priyadarshini Ray ◽

Muskaan Bhagchandani ◽

Mohammed Khalil Mogharbel ◽

Zubin Hassan Mubin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Peer Pressure ◽

World Health ◽

Caffeine Consumption ◽

Clinical Disorder ◽

Health Organization ◽

The University ◽

Caffeine Dependence

Background: Researchers have become concerned with caffeine because of risks of addiction, as shown by latest studies. World Health Organization identify caffeine dependence as a clinical disorder. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of Caffeine Use Disorder among participants and identify determinants of Caffeine Use Disorder among participants.Methods: Questionnaires were distributed among university students who consumed caffeinated products and were older than 18 years of age. The research was carried out in 3 universities in Ajman, UAE. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS software.Results: It was found that the prevalence of Caffeine Use Disorder among caffeine consumers was 69%. The prevalence of Caffeine Use Disorder was significantly higher among students: who believed that their consumption had increased since joining the university (p<0.001) compared to other categories. The risk of Caffeine Use Disorder was higher among participants who consumed caffeine to: feel awake (OR=1.567, 95% CI:1.05-2.34), be more productive (OR=2.06, 95% CI:1.28-3.22), and because of peer pressure (OR=2.4, 95% CI:1.03-5.62) and who believed that their caffeine consumption had increased since joining the university (OR=3.68, 95%CI:2.49-5.44).Conclusion: The prevalence and risk of having Caffeine Use Disorder was high among university students, hence more research should be conducted and actions should be taken to reduce the prevalence of Caffeine Use Disorder.

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Optimizing COVID-19 testing capabilities and clinical management using pathology informatics

JAMIA Open ◽

10.1093/jamiaopen/ooaa055 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Srikar Chamala ◽

Sherri Flax ◽

Petr Starostik ◽

Kartikeya Cherabuddi ◽

Nicole M Iovine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Clinical Management ◽

World Health ◽

University Of Florida ◽

Pathology Informatics ◽

Large Numbers ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

The University ◽

Reporting Data

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019, first reported in China in late 2019, has quickly spread across the world. The outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Here, we describe our initial efforts at the University of Florida Health for processing of large numbers of tests, streamlining data collection, and reporting data for optimizing testing capabilities and superior clinical management. Specifically, we discuss clinical and pathology informatics workflows and informatics instruments which we designed to meet the unique challenges of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing. We hope these results benefit institutions preparing to implement SARS-CoV-2 testing.

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Survey of Radon Concentrations in the University of Granada in Southern Spain

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062885 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2885

Author(s):

Irene Calvente ◽

María Isabel Núñez ◽

Rachid Chahboun Karimi ◽

Juan Villalba-Moreno

Keyword(s):

Southern Spain ◽

World Health ◽

Maximal Level ◽

15Th Century ◽

The World ◽

Time Periods ◽

Health Organization ◽

The University ◽

Analyze Data ◽

Radon Concentrations

The objective of this pilot study was to gather and analyze data on radon concentrations in workplaces in three buildings of Granada University (Southern Spain) constructed in different centuries. All measurements were made at basement or ground floor level under normal use conditions except for one space (mineral store), in which measurements were compared between the door closed and open. Measurements were conducted during different time periods between October 2013 and March 2019 with a Radon-Scout PLUS portable Radonmonitor. The duration of continuous recordings at different sites ranged between 42 and 1104 h. Mean accumulated radon concentrations ranged between 12 and 95 Bq/m3, below the maximal level of 300 Bq/m3 set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Relatively high values were recorded in the oldest building (15th century), which was also poorly ventilated. Ventilation appeared to be an important factor in reducing radon levels, especially in areas less exposed to radon, such as Southern Spain.

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COVID-19: implications for NHS Staff

British Journal of Healthcare Assistants ◽

10.12968/bjha.2020.14.4.193 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 193-197

Author(s):

Alan Glasper

Keyword(s):

World Health ◽

The Novel ◽

Emeritus Professor ◽

The World ◽

Clinical Environments ◽

Public Health Institutions ◽

Health Institutions ◽

Health Organization ◽

The University

In light of the emergence in China of COVID-19, the novel corona virus, emeritus professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton discusses the role of the World Health Organization and other public health institutions in responding to potential new global pandemics and deliberates on the role of NHS staff in coping with infectious disease in clinical environments.

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A booster dose of an inactivated vaccine increases neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2

10.1101/2021.11.16.21266350 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara M Schultz ◽

Felipe Melo-Gonzalez ◽

Luisa F Duarte ◽

Nicolas MS Galvez ◽

Gaspar A Pacheco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Booster Dose ◽

Vaccination Schedule ◽

World Health ◽

Inactivated Vaccine ◽

Protective Capacity ◽

Cell Responses ◽

Health Organization ◽

Chilean Population

Numerous vaccines have been generated to decrease the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. CoronaVac® is an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) to prevent COVID-19 that has safety and immunogenicity profiles described in different clinical trials. We previously reported an increase in levels of neutralizing antibodies two- and four-weeks after administering two doses of CoronaVac® in a two-week interval (0-14 day) vaccination schedule, as compared to pre-immune sera in adults in the Chilean population that are participating in phase 3 clinical trial. Here we report the levels of antibodies directed against the Receptor Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein comparing their neutralizing capacities and the cellular response at five months after the second dose and four weeks after a booster (third) dose in volunteers immunized with two doses of CoronaVac®in a four-week interval (0-28 day) vaccination schedule. We observed a decrease in the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with neutralizing capacities five months after the second dose (GMU 39.0 95% confidence interval (CI)(32.4-47.0), which increased up to 12 times at four weeks after the booster dose (GMU 499.4, 95% CI=370.6-673.0). Equivalent results were observed in adults aged 18-59 years old and individuals ≥60 years old. In the case of cellular response, we observed that activation of specific CD4+ T cells increases in time and reaches its maximum at four weeks after the booster dose in both groups. Our results support the notion that a booster dose of the SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine increases the levels of neutralizing antibodies and the specific cellular response in adults of both groups, which is likely to boost the protective capacity of these vaccines against COVID-19.

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Coronavirus Is A Biological Warfare Weapon

Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews ◽

10.31579/2692-9406/009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 01-06

Author(s):

Robert Skopec

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

World Health ◽

Biological Weapons ◽

Biological Warfare ◽

University Of Illinois ◽

College Of Law ◽

Health Organization ◽

The University ◽

Biological Weapons Convention ◽

The U.S

Dr. Francis Boyle, who drafted the Biological Weapons Act has given a detailed statement admitting that the 2019 Wuhan Coronavirus is an offensive Biological Warfare Weapon and that the World Health Organization (WHO) already knows about it. Francis Boyle is a professor of international law at the University of Illinois College of Law. He drafted the U.S. domestic implementing legislation for the Biological Weapons Convention, known as the Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989, that was approved unanimously by both Houses of the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President George H.W. Bush.

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LEVELS OF PERSONAL MATURITY AMONG THE STUDENTS OF HUMANITARIAN UNIVERSITY

Sport Science and Human Health ◽

10.28925/2664-2069.2020.1.8 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Valentyn Savchenko ◽

Нalyna Kharchenko ◽

Olga Buriak ◽

Iryna Omeri ◽

Jevgenija Nevedomsjka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Religious Beliefs ◽

World Health ◽

Religious Traditions ◽

Internal Development ◽

Inner World ◽

Health Organization ◽

Senior Students ◽

Junior Students

Introduction. Maturity of personality, their inner world plays a substantial role in health development. For a reason, following the definition by the World Health Organization spirituality is one of human health components. Still, the level of personal maturity of an adult does not always comply with their age and can be lower. Aim is to determine the levels of personal maturity (internal development) of the humanitarian university students and to identify the peculiarities of their distribution depending on gender, duration of studying, specialty, confession of faith, and attitude to religion. Material and methods. 207 students of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, average age of the surveyed 19.46 ± 2.12. There were 105 males (50.7%), and 102 females (49.3%). For determination of the levels of personal maturity the questionnaire by Jose Stevens was implemented. There were 5 levels specificated: «baby», «junior», «teen», «young man/woman», and «adult». Results. Among the humanitarian university students of the specialties «physical therapy, ergotherapy» and «physical education and sports», in 62.8% (130/207) cases high levels of personal maturity were identified, in 32.4% (67/207) cases there were low levels. Among one fifth of the students (19.8%; 41/207) the combinations of several levels of personal maturity were identified. It was indicative of the youth’s failure to having an integral idea of their inner world and spirituality. The female students were more internally developed than the male ones, which was indicative of statistically substantial predominance of high levels of personal maturity among them — 66.7%; 68/102 (among the males — 48.6%; 51/105). Ideas of personal maturity among the senior students (the 4th and 5th years of studies) were more accomplished than the ones of the junior students (the 1st and 2nd years of studies). Following religious traditions both by the holders of religious beliefs and not, led to development of higher levels of personal maturity compared to those students not following religious traditions. Conclusions. One third of the humanitarian university students have low level of personal maturity (internal development). According to the level of personal maturity, females prevail over males. The students following religious traditions (the holders of religious beliefs and not) are more internally developed than those not following such traditions.

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Perception and Knowledge on Climate Change: A Case Study of University Students in Bangladesh

Journal of Atmospheric Science Research ◽

10.30564/jasr.v2i3.1542 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Bezon Kumar ◽

Arif Ibne Asad ◽

Purnima Banik

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Global Warming ◽

University Students ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Primary Data ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

The University ◽

Change Problem

This paper mainly investigates the perception and knowledge on climate change of the university students in Bangladesh. To carry out this study, primary data are collected from 370 students and uses several statistical methods. Perception and knowledge on the causes, effects and mitigation ways of climate change problems, and perceived duties to combat against climate change are analyzed with descriptive statistics. This paper finds that deforestation is the main cause of global warming and climate change and, the effects of climate change is very serious on people’s health. Majority portion of the students think that it is difficult to combat against climate change problem because it has already been too late to take action. Besides this study also finds that government is crucially responsible for combating against climate change problem. The study calls for government mainly besides industry and youths to aware people about the causes, effects, mitigation ways of climate change so that they can contribute to the sustainable development by mitigating climate change problem.

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Editorial

Australasian Journal of Gifted Education ◽

10.21505/ajge.2021.0011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 4-4

Keyword(s):

Gifted Education ◽

The United States ◽

World Health ◽

Special Issue ◽

University Of Georgia ◽

University Of British Columbia ◽

Australasian Journal ◽

University Of Arizona ◽

Health Organization ◽

The University

Welcome to the second issue of the Australasian Journal of Gifted Education for 2021. I am proud to introduce this issue of the journal, which is a special issue of the work of Professor Emerita C. June Maker and her colleagues on the fidelity of implementation of the Real Engagement in Active Problem Solving (REAPS) model. All four studies that form a part of the special issue were undertaken with Australian participants. The institutions that the authors of the articles represent include the University of Arizona, the University of Georgia, the University of British Columbia, the World Health Organization, and the Vail Unified School District in the United States.

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Diuretic Drug Utilization Study

Journal of Pharmacy Technology ◽

10.1177/875512259601200412 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 169-176

Author(s):

Jaime Torelló ◽

José A Durán ◽

María I Serrano

Keyword(s):

Adverse Drug Reactions ◽

Diuretic Therapy ◽

University Hospital ◽

World Health ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Cardiac Symptoms ◽

Medicine Service ◽

Combined Use ◽

Health Organization ◽

The University

Objective: To evaluate the present use of diuretics in our institution, and determine the appropriateness of that use and the incidence of adverse reactions and interactions. Design: This retrospective study describes the indications for use of an identified drug or combination of drugs. By the time the data were collected, some patients had been discharged or had died. Setting: The study was carried out in a referral center, the University Hospital “Virgen Macarena,” Seville, Spain. Patients: All patients receiving diuretic therapy. Those undergoing hemodialysis or receiving home care were excluded from the study. Intervention: A therapeutic audit was performed using specific standards of reference. Two models were used — one for each of the most frequent indications, ascites and congestive heart failure (CHF). Main Outcome Measures: A structured protocol gathered data on (1) demographic characteristics, (2) causes of admission and pathologic antecedents, (3) diuretic treatment, (4) basic controls (24-h diuresis and daily basal weight), (5) clinical evolution, and (6) concurrent complementary studies. The protocol included a checklist of the most frequent adverse drug reactions and interactions whose degree of causality was determined by applying the modified algorithm of Karch-Lasagna, used in the World Health Organization voluntary reporting system of adverse drug reactions. Results: One hundred twenty-six patients (16% of total admissions) received diuretic therapy. Of these, 71% were analyzed; information in the medical records was incomplete for the rest (29%). Fifty-one percent of the patients were more than 60 years old. The most frequent admission diagnoses were cardiovascular (51.5%), followed by digestive (16.7%) diseases. A total of 134 cardiac symptoms was seen in 50 patients. The most notable were acute pulmonary edema (26%), ischemic cardiopathy (12%), and cardiogenic shock (8%). Most patients receiving diuretic therapy (47.3%) were admitted to the internal medicine service. The most-prescribed diuretic was furosemide (59%), followed by spironolactone (27%). The combined use of furosemide and spironolactone occurred in all but 1 of the patients with hepatic ascites (92%), whereas in those with CHF the figure for the combined use of furosemide and spironolactone fell to 38% (p = 0.001). In 63% of the patients with ascites, the spironolactone dosage was changed in the first 48 hours of treatment. There was a high percentage of deaths (21%) in the study patients. Conclusions: Therapeutic strategy often does not follow the guidelines laid down in the standards of reference on diuretic use in serious CHF and/or ascites in this institution.

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