Using resources wisely in the COVID-19 pandemic: an international list of Choosing Wisely recommendations

BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has brought forth issues of health system resource limitations into urgent matters of public importance. Our objective was to rapidly develop an international Choosing Wisely list of recommendations for clinicians and the public about using resources wisely in the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Choosing Wisely Canada convened a rapid Delphi process to develop an international Choosing Wisely list for COVID-19. Informed by a rapid review of emerging literature, this process engaged a small group of clinicians and public advisors in Canada (n=10) and internationally (n=8) to develop a candidate list of recommendations. A survey with candidate recommendations was sent to Choosing Wisely clinician leaders in Canada and around the world. Based on survey results and input, list recommendations were modified. RESULTS: The survey was sent to 293 potential respondents and received a 56% response rate in 72 hours (n=163). Respondents were asked to score each of the 9 recommendations on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 strongly disagree to 5 strongly agree followed by free text comment. There were 271 total comments across 9 recommendations. Overall, all 9 recommendations had high levels of agreement with 83%-96% of respondents ranking them as strongly agree or agree. INTERPRETATION: This list of recommendations provides evidence-based statements about using resources wisely in the COVID-19 pandemic. The list reflects international consensus on evidence-based recommendations for both clinicians and the public which were achieved through a rapid consensus building process. TRIAL REGISTRATION: n/a

Download Full-text

Development of a contemporary evidence-based practice workshop for health professionals with a focus on pre-appraised evidence and shared decision-making: a before-after pilot study

BMJ evidence-based medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjebm-2019-111220 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 1.2-2 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Loai Albarqouni ◽

Paul Glasziou ◽

Mina Bakhit ◽

Chris Del Mar ◽

Tammy C Hoffmann

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Shared Decision Making ◽

Evidence Based Practice ◽

Core Competencies ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Shared Decision ◽

International Consensus ◽

Feedback Questionnaire ◽

Approach To Teaching ◽

Strongly Agree

Shared decision-making (SDM) has emerged as a key skill to assist clinicians in applying evidence-based practice (EBP). We aimed to develop and pilot a new approach to teaching EBP, which focuses on teaching knowledge and skills about SDM and pre-appraised evidence. We designed a half-day workshop, informed by an international consensus on EBP core competencies and invited practicing clinicians to participate. Skills in SDM and communicating evidence were assessed by audio-recording consultations between clinicians and standardised patients (immediately pre-workshop and post-workshop). These were rated by two independent assessors using the OPTION (Observing Patient Involvement, 0 to 100 points) and ACEPP (Assessing Communication about Evidence and Patient Preferences, 0 to 5 points) tools. Participants also completed a feedback questionnaire (9 Likert scale and four open-ended questions). Fourteen clinicians participated. Skills in SDM and communicating research evidence improved from pre-workshop to post-workshop (mean increase in OPTION score=5.5, 95% CI 1.0 to 9.9; increase in ACEPP score=0.5, 95% CI 0.02 to 1.06). Participant feedback was positive, with most indicating ‘agree’ or ‘strongly agree’ to the questions. A contemporary approach to teaching clinicians EBP, with a focus on SDM and pre-appraised evidence, was feasible, perceived as useful, and showed modest improvements in skills. Results should be interpreted cautiously because of the small study size and pre-post design.

Download Full-text

“Go Hard, Go Early”: Preliminary Lessons From New Zealand’s Response to COVID-19

The American Review of Public Administration ◽

10.1177/0275074020941721 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (6-7) ◽

pp. 598-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Thomas Jamieson

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Best Practices ◽

Emergency Management ◽

Evidence Based ◽

The Novel ◽

Management Research ◽

National Unity ◽

The Public ◽

The Government ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Although the full impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is yet to be realized, New Zealand has suffered comparatively less than other countries, and there were no active cases in the country by June 8, 2020. Building from best practices in emergency management research, several preliminary lessons emerge from the country’s response to the crisis that could be adapted for other settings. In particular, the government acted early and decisively, developed national unity to combat the virus, communicated effectively with the public, and adapted to changing circumstances, especially to address shortcomings in the response. These preliminary lessons provide some guidance in how to effectively respond to the virus through proactive, evidence-based, well-communicated policies.

Download Full-text

Review of Coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) in Iraq

GSC Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/gscarr.2022.10.1.0307 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 023-030

Author(s):

Huda Sahib Abdul Mohammed Al-Rawazq

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Face Mask ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Age Group ◽

The Public ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The World ◽

Environmental Agents ◽

Novel Coronavirus

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV 2) or 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is quickly spreading to the rest of the world, from its origin in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. And becoming a global pandemic that affects the world's most powerful countries. The goal of this review is to assist scientists, researchers, and others in responding to the current Coronavirus disease (covid-19) is a worldwide public health contingency state. This review discusses current evidence based on recently published studies which is related to the origin of the virus, epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, and all studies in Iraq for the effect of covid-19 diseases, as well as provide a reference for future researchers. The findings of this review show significant differences across gender, age group, area of residence, environmental agents (temperature, humidity), and people with chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, respiratory disorders, and immunocompromised disease). To control the pandemic, information about COVID-19 was disseminated to people, including wearing a face mask and using a social distancing strategy as an effective tool for controlling COVID-19. More education and progress are required to convince the public that the vaccine is both effective and safe.

Download Full-text

Coronavirus: Towards controlling of the pandemic - Indian scenario

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.2813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 462-468

Author(s):

Latika kothari ◽

Sanskruti Wadatkar ◽

Roshni Taori ◽

Pavan Bajaj ◽

Diksha Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Control Measures ◽

The Novel ◽

Medical Treatments ◽

Health Crisis ◽

The Public ◽

Infection Control Measures ◽

The Social ◽

Asking Questions ◽

The Government ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable infection caused by the novel coronavirus resulting in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV). It was recognized to be a health crisis for the general population of international concern on 30th January 2020 and conceded as a pandemic on 11th March 2020. India is taking various measures to fight this invisible enemy by adopting different strategies and policies. To stop the COVID-19 from spreading, the Home Affairs Ministry and the health ministry, of India, has issued the nCoV 19 guidelines on travel. Screening for COVID-19 by asking questions about any symptoms, recent travel history, and exposure. India has been trying to get testing kits available. The government of India has enforced various laws like the social distancing, Janata curfew, strict lockdowns, screening door to door to control the spread of novel coronavirus. In this pandemic, innovative medical treatments are being explored, and a proper vaccine is being hunted to deal with the situation. Infection control measures are necessary to prevent the virus from further spreading and to help control the current situation. Thus, this review illustrates and explains the criteria provided by the government of India to the awareness of the public to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

Download Full-text

Novel Coronavirus 2019 Outbreak: A Global Epidemic

Letters in Drug Design & Discovery ◽

10.2174/1570180817999200802033916 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 1458-1464

Author(s):

Sweta Kamboj ◽

Rohit Kamboj ◽

Shikha Kamboj ◽

Kumar Guarve ◽

Rohit Dutt

Keyword(s):

World Health ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Global Epidemic ◽

The Public ◽

The Government ◽

Tract Disease ◽

The 1960S ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Impact

Background: In the 1960s, the human coronavirus was designated, which is responsible for the upper respiratory tract disease in children. Back in 2003, mainly 5 new coronaviruses were recognized. This study directly pursues to govern knowledge, attitude and practice of viral and droplet infection isolation safeguard among the researchers during the outbreak of the COVID-19. Introduction: Coronavirus is a proteinaceous and infectious pathogen. It is an etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Coronavirus, appeared in China from the seafood and poultry market last year, which has spread in various countries, and has caused several deaths. Methods: The literature data has been taken from different search platforms like PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, who.int portal and complied. Results: Corona virology study will be more advanced and outstanding in recent years. COVID-19 epidemic is a threatening reminder not solely for one country but all over the universe. Conclusion: In this review article, we encapsulated the pathogenesis, geographical spread of coronavirus worldwide, also discussed the perspective of diagnosis, effective treatment, and primary recommendations by the World Health Organization, and guidelines of the government to slow down the impact of the virus are also optimistic, efficacious and obliging for the public health. However, it will take a prolonged time in the future to overcome this epidemic.

Download Full-text

The Struggle to Fight a Humane War

10.1093/oso/9780199379774.003.0003 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sahr Conway-Lanz

Keyword(s):

Korean War ◽

The United States ◽

Prisoners Of War ◽

International Consensus ◽

Public Controversy ◽

Building Process ◽

Boomerang Effect ◽

The Korean War ◽

War Experiences ◽

War Victims

The Korean War demonstrated the serious problems that the United States had adhering to the new 1949 Geneva Conventions and the severely limited protections that these new treaties provided. The protections for war victims were undermined both by serious gaps in the treaties that failed to provide much safety from bombing to civilians and by US deviations from the agreements in the handling of refugees and prisoners of war. However, Americans did not discard the agreements in the wake of their troubled Korean War experiences. Instead, the war helped to legitimize and lay the foundation for the further internalization of the new laws through their formal implementation, the public controversy they generated, and a boomerang effect of atrocity accusations. Despite failing to provide much protection for Korean War victims, the treaties were part of a broader international consensus-building process that helped to spread humanitarian norms.

Download Full-text

Health research capacity in Nepal: Analysis of the trend and the role of local researchers

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1177/0049475520982770 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004947552098277

Author(s):

Madhu Kharel ◽

Alpha Pokharel ◽

Krishna P Sapkota ◽

Prasant V Shahi ◽

Pratisha Shakya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Research ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Research Capacity ◽

Rapid Review ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Health Related ◽

Evidence Based Decision Making

Evidence-based decision-making is less common in low- and middle-income countries where the research capacity remains low. Nepal, a lower-middle-income country in Asia, is not an exception. We conducted a rapid review to identify the trend of health research in Nepal and found more than seven-fold increase in the number of published health-related articles between 2000 and 2018. The proportion of articles with Nepalese researchers as the first authors has also risen over the years, though they are still only in two-thirds of the articles in 2018.

Download Full-text

Men's perception and understanding of male-factor infertility in the UK

British Journal of Nursing ◽

10.12968/bjon.2021.30.9.s8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (9) ◽

pp. S8-S16

Author(s):

Eleanor L Stevenson ◽

Cheng Ching-Yu ◽

Chang Chia-Hao ◽

Kevin R McEleny

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Emotional Support ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Male Fertility ◽

Public Knowledge ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Male Factor ◽

The Public ◽

The Uk

Male-factor infertility is a common but stigmatised issue, and men often do not receive the emotional support and the information they need. This study sought to understand awareness of male fertility issues compared to female fertility among the UK general male public, and also what were perceived as being the optimum methods for providing support for affected men, emotionally and through information. Men feel that male infertility is not discussed by the public as much as female infertility. Lifestyle issues that affect male fertility are not well understood, and men affected by infertility desire more support, including online, from health professionals and through peer support. Health professionals, including those in public health, could offer evidence-based programmes to reduce stigma and increase public knowledge about infertility, as well as offer emotional support to men with infertility problems.

Download Full-text