scholarly journals The Environmental Problems of The Road of Water Black / Areal, Rural Area of Manaus / Amazonas

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Fátima da Silva ◽  
Leandro Félix de Castro ◽  
Michael Guimarães de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Social Importance

The implementation of paved or unpaved branches in the State of Amazonas, in addition to allowing the flow of agricultural products and connecting rural areas to urban centers, is of social importance, as it facilitates the mobility of local residents, access to the school environment and goods. family consumption. The objective of the research was to analyze the environmental problems, from the Água Preta / Areal Branch, located on the left bank of Highway AM-010 kilometer 32, to kilometer 10 of BR-174, in the rural area of ​​Manaus-Amazonas. The methodological procedures involved the field practice and the photographic record of the degradation conditions of the branch. The research allowed to diagnose that the branch intersects with eleven water courses, which are used by the residents, for water consumption, six of them they are forming upstream lakes due to lack of flow in the manholes that are inadequate and have little flow downstream, in addition to the silting caused by the eroded material of the branch and the extraction of sand. In this sense, the socioenvironmental problems present at the branch, are growing at an accelerated rate over ecosystems and residents have been losing their sense of belonging in relation to the branch, due to the lack of characterization of the landscape.

scholarly journals ACERCAMIENTO AL PERFIL DE USO DE TIC POR DOCENTES EN EL SECTOR RURAL COLOMBIANO

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolly Vargas García ◽  
Omar Antonio Vega
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Ict In Education ◽  
Rural Sector ◽  
New School ◽  
Ict Use

El artículo pretende hacer un acercamiento al perfil, en cuanto al uso de las TIC, por parte de docentes de instituciones educativas ubicadas en el sector rural de cuatro departamentos colombianos (Caldas, Caucas, Huila y Nariño). Se inicia con un recorrido por la influencia de las TIC en el ámbito educativo, especialmente en cuanto al rol del docente en ese nuevo ambiente escolar. Luego se presenta la metodología utilizada en el estudio, para a continuación mostrar algunos resultados que concuerdan con trabajos anteriores en otros sitios y niveles académicos, sobre los aspectos indispensables para conformar el perfil del docente de la era informáticaApproach of ICT use profile by Colombian rural sector teachersABSTRACTThe article attempts approaching profile, in the use of ICT by teachers of educational institutions located in rural areas of four Colombian departments (Caldas, Cauca, Huila and Nariño). It begins with a tour of the influence of ICT in education, especially regarding the role of the teacher in the new school environment. Then it comes to the methodology used in the study, to then show some results are consistent with previous work on other sites and academic levels on the essential aspects to form the profile of teachers in the information age.Keywords: Use profile, ICT and education, Professor, Rural Area.

Modelagem matemática na educação do campo: visibilidade de saberes locais / Mathematical modeling in rural education: visibility of local knowledge

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Machado Magnus
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Rural Education ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Southern State ◽  
The World

O presente artigo tem por objetivo dar visibilidade a uma das formas que uma agricultora que vive no/do campo, no sul do Estado de Santa Catarina, lida matematicamente com o mundo, a partir de uma atividade de Modelagem Matemática, e, posteriormente, mostrar outra possibilidade de lidar com a situação, a partir das lentes da Matemática Escolar. Para tanto, conversei com uma agricultora sobre uma de suas práticas para o desenvolvimento da nossa atividade, que teve por objetivo analisar se “vale a pena criar galinhas para o consumo?”. O relato da atividade de Modelagem Matemática, a partir dos saberes locais, dão visibilidade às singularidades do campo e mostram que a escola não é o único espaço educativo. Ainda, ao olhar para as práticas dos sujeitos do campo, e entendê-las a partir de suas formas de lidar matematicamente com o mundo, evidencia a existência de diferentes racionalidades matemáticas, que estão, intrinsecamente, ligadas à cultura de cada povo.Palavras-chave: Modelagem Matemática na Educação do Campo; Saberes Locais. Matemática Escolar; Sujeitos do Campo; Racionalidades Matemáticas. ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to promote visibility to one of the ways in which a farmer who lives in/from a rural area, in the southern state of Santa Catarina, deals mathematically with the world, using Mathematical Modeling. The study then aimed to show a possibility of dealing with the situation from the perspective of School Mathematics. In order to achieve this goal, the author talked to a farmer about one of the practices she employed to develop our activity, with the objective of assessing “is it worth breeding chicken for consumption?”. The Mathematical Modeling report, based on local knowledge, promotes visibility to the singularities of the rural area and shows that the school environment is not the only educational space available. In addition, analyzing practices of subjects from rural areas and understanding their way to mathematically deal with the world demonstrates the existence of various mathematical rationalities that are intrinsically linked to the culture of each people.Keywords: Mathematical Modeling in Rural Education; Local Knowledge; Subjects from Rural Areas; Mathematical Rationalities.

Pond Sediments as Indicator of Traffic Related Lead Pollution in Rural Area: A Case Study from Sixian County, Northern Anhui Province, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 1055-1058
Author(s):  
Lin Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pond Sediments ◽  
Geo Accumulation

Lead concentration of pond sediments near the road, as well as pond sediments far away from roads in a rural area in Sixian County, northern Anhui Province, China, have been analyzed, and the spatial distribution of lead and the index of geo-accumulation have been brought to light. The results indicate that the lead concentrations of pond sediments near the road range from 20 to 34 mg/kg with average= 26.7 mg/kg, whereas pond sediments far away from the road have lower lead concentrations from 20 to 21 mg/kg with average= 20.8 mg/kg. The lead concentration from high to low is Xinji, Gonggou, Dazhuang, Huangwei, Yangzhuang and area far away from the road. A similarity between spatial distributions of lead concentration, index of geo-accumulation (Igeo) and towns (including village and the roads between them) indicates that motor vehicles play important role in controlling the distribution of lead in rural areas.

Socio-Economic Characteristics of Immigrants in Western Greece Region: Urban – Rural Continuum or Divide?

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Iosifides ◽  
Thanasis Kizos ◽  
Elektra Petracou ◽  
Ekaterini Malliotaki ◽  
Konstantina Katsimantou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Limited Role ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Western Greece

This paper aims at an investigation of factors of differentiation of basic social and economic characteristics of foreign immigrants in the Region of Western Greece. The paper explores whether the thesis of urban-rural divide is relevant for the differentiation of immigrants’ socio-economic characteristics in a typical Region of Greece, where there is a strong interplay between major urban centers and large rural areas. Findings show that spatial factors play a very limited role in the differentiation of socio-economic characteristics of immigrants and indicate that other factors are more important. Thus, and as regards socio-economic characteristics of immigrants, the overall picture is that of urban-rural continuum rather than divide. 

Topics of Environmental Education Program in Coastal Areas

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. O. Rennhack ◽  
D. M. W. Zee ◽  
E. S. Cunha ◽  
M. F. Portilho
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
State University ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Supply Information

Researches and Studies made by the Department of Oceanography of the Institute of Geoscience of the State University of Rio de Janeiro UERJ, evidenced the need for educational support where environment-related questions were concerned. A wide range of environment problems tend to concentrate in coastal areas, owing to disordinate urban growth combined with the lack of substructure to cope with it A large number of these problems can be minimized through the participation of the local community. Thus the goals of environmental education are to supply information, to promote a change in the population's attitude toward environmental problems, besides stimulating its participation by fostering its sense of responsibility. Preliminary results have demonstrated that the community has shown great interest in the work that has been proposed, and it has contributed with participation, promising response. Environmental education is fundamental when we consider possible solutions for environmental problems in coastal urban centers. Only by educating the main cause of environmental problems, man himself, will it be possible to consider the question starting from its very origin. This abstract presents two pioneer experiments in the Municipio of Rio de Janeiro, which are “Muito Prazer Marapendi” (“Glad to know you, Marapendi”) and “Troca de Areias da Praia de Copacabana” (“Exchange of Sands in Copacabana Beach”).

scholarly journals A Model-Driven-to-Sample-Driven Method for Rural Road Extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Jiguang Dai ◽  
Rongchen Ma ◽  
Litao Gong ◽  
Zimo Shen ◽  
Jialin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Template Matching ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Recall Rate ◽  
Road Extraction ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
The Road ◽  
Center Point ◽  
Manual Input

Road extraction in rural areas is one of the most fundamental tasks in the practical application of remote sensing. In recent years, sample-driven methods have achieved state-of-the-art performance in road extraction tasks. However, sample-driven methods are prohibitively expensive and laborious, especially when dealing with rural roads with irregular curvature changes, narrow widths, and diverse materials. The template matching method can overcome these difficulties to some extent and achieve impressive road extraction results. This method also has the advantage of the vectorization of road extraction results, but the automation is limited. Straight line sequences can be substituted for curves, and the use of the color space can increase the recognition of roads and nonroads. A model-driven-to-sample-driven road extraction method for rural areas with a much higher degree of automation than existing template matching methods is proposed in this study. Without prior samples, on the basis of the geometric characteristics of narrow and long roads and using the advantages of straight lines instead of curved lines, the road center point extraction model is established through length constraints and gray mean contrast constraints of line sequences, and the extraction of some rural roads is completed through topological connection analysis. In addition, we take the extracted road center point and manual input data as local samples, use the improved line segment histogram to determine the local road direction, and use the panchromatic and hue, saturation, value (HSV) space interactive matching model as the matching measure to complete the road tracking extraction. Experimental results show that, for different types of data and scenarios on the premise, the accuracy and recall rate of the evaluation indicators reach more than 98%, and, compared with other methods, the automation of this algorithm has increased by more than 40%.

scholarly journals Facilitating co-production in public services: Empirical evidence from a co-design experience with family caregivers living in a remote and rural area

2020 ◽  
pp. 095148482097145
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gheduzzi ◽  
Niccolò Morelli ◽  
Guendalina Graffigna ◽  
Cristina Masella
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Care Agency ◽  
Home Care Agency ◽  
Design Experience

The involvement of vulnerable actors in co-production activities is a debated topic in the current public service literature. While vulnerable actors should have the same opportunities to be involved as other actors, they may not have the needed competences, skills and attitudes to contribute to this process. This paper is part of a broader project on family caregivers’ engagement in remote and rural areas. In particular, it investigates how to facilitate co-production by looking at four co-design workshops with family caregivers, representatives of a local home care agency and researchers. The transcripts of the workshops were coded using NVivo, and the data were analysed based on the existing theory about co-production. Two main findings were identified from the analysis. First, the adoption of co-production by vulnerable actors may occur in conjunction with other forms of engagement. Second, the interactions among facilitators and providers play a crucial role in encouraging the adoption of co-production. We identified at least two strategies that may help facilitators and providers achieve that goal. However, there is a need for an in-depth understanding of how facilitators and providers should interact to enhance implementation of co-production.

Detour-Impact Index Method and Traffic Gathering Algorithm for Assessing Alternative Paths of Disrupted Roads

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110312
Author(s):  
Alessandro Pucci ◽  
Mario Lucio Puppio ◽  
Hélder Silva Sousa ◽  
Linda Giresini ◽  
José Campos Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Index Method ◽  
The Road ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Impact Index ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Information User ◽  
Traffic Composition ◽  
Operative Costs

Infrastructure plays a key role in society. Recent collapses of bridges have underlined their importance for road functionality, causing disruptions to commuters and emergency vehicles. Major issues arise on rural roads, where the lack of redundancy leads to the isolation of entire communities. Actual approaches to assess the resilience of countryside roads rely on the availability of specific datasets, limiting their practical application; this issue is typically related to traffic data. This research aims to propose innovative algorithms to assess the road network’s vulnerability in rural areas, including a novel traffic data collection process and its calibration. The aggregate metric is called Detour-Impact Index (DII) and compares user costs before and after a disruptive event. The method uses traditional network-impact metrics in combination with a new algorithm that allows us to gather quantitative traffic data starting from qualitative information. User travel time showed good agreement between the proposed procedure and traditional web-based methods. Furthermore, the paper provides user delay costs functions accounting for traffic composition, trip purposes, vehicle operative costs, nonlinear volume–capacity relation, and average daily traffic. A significant aspect is the adaptability of this framework, as it is designed to be coupled with existing approaches. The method is demonstrated on a case study in Tuscany (Italy).

scholarly journals Israeli Arabs develop diverticulitis at a younger age and are more likely to require surgery than Jews

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104
Author(s):  
Itai GHERSIN ◽  
Nadav SLIJPER ◽  
Gideon SROKA ◽  
Ibrahim MATTER
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Acute Diverticulitis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Israeli Arabs ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Only few studies have examined the impact of racial differences on the age of onset, course and outcomes of diverticulitis. AIM: To provide data about the epidemiology of diverticulitis in northern Israel, and to determine whether ethnicity is a predictor of age of onset, complications, and need for surgery. METHODS: Was conducted a retrospective review of the charts of all patients diagnosed with a first episode of diverticulitis in our hospital between 2005 and 2012. RESULTS: Were found 638 patients with a first episode of acute diverticulitis in the eight year interval. Israeli Arabs developed a first episode of diverticulitis at a younger age compared to Jews (51.2 vs 63.8 years, p<0.01). Arabs living in rural areas developed diverticulitis at a younger age than Arabs living in urban centers (49.4 vs 54.5 years, P=0.03). Jewish and Arabic men developed diverticulitis at younger age compared to their female counterparts (59.9 vs 66.09, p<0.01, and 47.31 vs 56.93, p<0.01, respectively). Arabs were more likely [odds ratio (OR)=1.81 ,95% confidence interval (CI)1.12-2.90, p=0.017] than Jews to require surgical treatment (urgent or elective) for diverticulitis. CONCLUSIONS: Israeli Arabs tend to develop diverticulitis at a younger age and are more likely to require surgical treatment for diverticulitis compared to Jews. Arabs living in rural areas develop diverticulitis at a younger age than Arabs living in urban centers. These findings highlight a need to address the root cause for ethnic differences in onset, course and outcome of acute diverticulitis.

scholarly journals The seasonal variability of the amount of global solar radiation reaching the ground in urban and rural areas on the example of Warsaw and Belsk

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Kinga Nelken ◽  
Kamil Leziak
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Urban Station ◽  
Reverse Relationship ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to determine the contemporary differences in the inflow of global solar radiation in Warsaw (urban station) and Belsk (rural station). The meteorological data used comprised daily sums of global solar radiation (in MJ•m−2) and the duration of sunshine (in hours) for the period 2008 2014. On clear days in spring and summer, the rural area receives more solar radiation in comparison to the urban area, whereas in autumn a reverse relationship occurs. On cloudy days in all seasons, the rural area receives more solar radiation than the urban area, and the relationship is the strongest in winter. Differences between urban and rural areas on cloudy days are smaller than those observed on clear days.

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