scholarly journals ABBREVIATION IN THE SPEAKER’S GRAMMAR: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Author(s):  
E.N. Guts ◽  
◽  
D.V. Plotnikova ◽  

The article presents the results of a directed associative experiment carried out with high school students of secondary schools. The purpose of the article is to reveal the relationship between the structural and semantic features of the utterance and the strategies of the respondents’ choice of a linguistic sign (word/abbreviation) in the context of a directed associative experiment. The analysis of the experimental material made it possible to draw conclusions about the peculiarities of using the initial abbreviation as an associate; about the possibility of the abbreviation of stable and individual, situational associative links; about the strategies for choosing a linguistic sign (words, abbreviations, phrases) depending on the semantics of the reference word and the type of grammatical structure of the experimental sentence; on the consolidation of initial abbreviations in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers of the Russian language, which is associated with the strengthening of the law of economy of linguistic means in modern speech communication.

Author(s):  
Jana A. Solunova ◽  
Juliya J. Danilova

The topic matter of the research is the system of methods, forms and means of organizing the project-research activities among middle school students in the Russian language classes. This fact determines the work as practice-oriented: the authors of the article make an attempt to formulate and propose their own topics of projects and researches in Russian lessons within project-research activity in accordance with the feasibility and expected substantive studying outcomes. In the course of the work, with the aim of a comprehensive analysis of the indicated issue at different stages, general scientific methods were used: the method of continuous sampling; systematization and generalization; observation, analysis, classification, descriptive-analytical method; modeling method, which altogether have provided a full picture. Among the most significant results of the study, the author’s development of themes and a construct (algorithm with development and description) of the project-research activity of 5-7 grades schoolchildren within the modern directions of linguistics with possible subsequent implementation in Russian lessons and/or in extracurricular activities as a way to achieve a fairly wide range of substantive studying outcomes is showed up. The work’s resulting outcomes determine the practical significance of the research: the research materials can be used in the Russian language classes, in the organization of research activities for middle and high school students, in the development of special courses and special seminars, in the compilation of textbooks on relevant subject. The work concludes the next: the topic matter of project-research activity should be reasonable, appropriate for children’s age in order to increase students’ interest in learning and participation in project-research activity. It is especially important to ensure that they can understand its structure: their own goals in this activity, possible methods of solutions, etc. It is also important that students can search for information on their own, present their project or its fragment, etc.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-204
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Tokareva

The article examines the problem of foreign high school students living in the territory of the Russian Federation, a stable system of axiological norms and spiritual and moral guidelines of Russian society, the inviolability and correctness of which is proven by centuries-old experience, which captured the best examples of science and art. The need for foreign learners to study works of educational nature is substantiated. The process of understanding Russian culture by foreign students is analyzed as an important part of the educational process, including the study of the rules of communication in a non-native language, as well as the development of communicative competencies focused on the complex and multi-level development of the Russian language. The problem of conformity of artistic texts designed for studying foreign learners, the functions of the best examples of classical literature, is actualized. Understanding the cultural component of education is seen as a way of incorporating foreign citizens into the moral foundations of Russian society, built on the principles of humanism. It is stated that the presence of a role model for the emerging person, that can also be a character of the work as well, that meets the requirements of the best representatives of Russian society to a strong, strong-willed, educated, humane, selfless love for the Fatherland of the personality. The emergence of diverse personalities of foreign high school students is analyzed in the direction of not only education, but also a better understanding of the peculiarities of the Russian language, as well as the cultural identity of Russia by introducing the best examples of art texts. The methodological basis of the work was formed as a result of the complex use of techniques of dialectic, synergies, historical and literary method, content analysis of scientific and literary sources.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
A.A. Kurdelyas ◽  

The aim of the article is to study the intentional horizon in the process of euphemizing public speech by means of a linguistic analysis of Russian and English headlines in print media. Such phenomena are considered in studies by B.A. Larina, A.M. Katseva, and A.D. Vasilyev. They consider the features of the use of euphemisms in public speech. The headings of articles published in modern Russian and English newspapers, such as Nezavisimaya Gazeta, Vedomosti, Kommersant, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, Guardian, Workers’ Vanguard, Telegraph, Washington Post were used as materials for analysis of data for 2012-2019. As a result of the study, the main features of the use of euphemisms in modern print media have been identified, a priority topic has been highlighted, which is most often euphemized and dictates the emergence of new antiphrasis expressions, the most common way of euphemism formation is indicated, and the results of a quantitative analysis on the prevalence of the used probable intentions are presented. In conclusion, it is argued that the intensive use of euphemism units in the print media leads to their popularization and penetration into widespread use, and therefore to changes in the active vocabulary of native speakers and a possible correction of public opinion. It is indicated that the number and frequency of euphemisms is directly related to the level of culture in a society, as well as to the active functioning of vocabulary in a particular language for a certain period of time. The results of the study can be used in the process of teaching such disciplines as lexicology, political linguistics, journalism, intercultural communication at universities and Russian language lessons in the sections Lexicology and Stylistics for high school students.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1538-1546
Author(s):  
Igor Kim ◽  

This paper deals with the issues of an important ethnic trait through the reflection in the Russian language and in the speech behavior of native speakers. This trait is focused around the need for actualization of «participation» or complicity in speech and social behavior as an invisible connection established in the inner world of the subject of the relationship of participation with other persons, animals, objects, spatial and social objects and even eras and ideas. The developed semantics of participation in the Russian language reflects the cultural universal concept of «own/foreign». L. Levy-Bruhl studied one member of that opposition theoretically and on the basis of extensive empirical material created the anthropological theory of participation. Russian linguists V. V. Ivanov, Yu. D. Apresyan, V. S. Khrakovsky and A. P. Volodin, I. I. Kovtunova studied concepts associated with the notion of participation in the mid‑1980s using the material of Russian deixis and the category of possessiveness. In the Russian language, the semantics of participation is expressed by various linguistic means: the means of verbal and pronominal deixis, diminutives, possessive syntactic constructions and affixes, words with the semantics of emotional attitude and assistance


2021 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
T.N. Tikhomirova ◽  
◽  
D.A. Gaysina ◽  
S.B. Malykh ◽  
◽  
...  

The results of adaptation of the Russian-language version of the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) (Parker, Tupling, Brown, 1979) with "Mother's Attitude" and "Father's Attitude" options are presented in the article. The questionnaire is aimed to assess the perception of parenting attitudes among young people. According to the original (English) version of the questionnaire, aspects of parental attitude perception can be measured as quantitative indicators of the questionnaire scales: 1) "Care" and 2) "Overprotection". The "Care" scale consists of 12 statements such as “Seemed emotionally cold to me”, “Enjoyed talking things over with me”, “Did not talk with me very much”, etc. The "Overprotection" scale includes 13 statements such as "Felt I could not look after myself unless she/he was around", "Let me decide things for myself", "Let me dress in any way I pleased", etc. The study involved 504 high school students enrolled in schools in the Moscow and Leningrad regions, Samara and St. Petersburg, aged from 14.4 to 19.1 years, among them were 174 9th grade students (44.2% male), 169 10th grade students (34.7% male) and 161 11th grade students (51.1% male). The structure of the questionnaire was studied using exploratory factor analysis of the correlation matrix of the responses to 25 items of each version. The method of principal components with Varimax rotation was chosen for the analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis suggested the two-factor structure of the questionnaire was confirmed, with the following scales: “Care” and “Overprotection” for the options "Mother's Attitude" and "Father's Attitude". For reliability assessment, the scales were tested with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of internal consistency. Satisfactory internal consistency of the scales on both options was revealed. The Cronbach's alphas reach satisfactory values both for Care and Overprotection scales. The effects of gender and age on the questionnaire scores were estimated. According to analysis, there are no sex differences of perception of maternal and paternal attitude in both “Care” and “Overprotection” scales. It was shown that the effect of age was statistically significant for “Overprotection” scale for paternal attitude only, with a small effect size. The effect of interaction of age and sex was statistically significant for “Care” for paternal attitude only, with a small effect size. According to the psychometric indicators presented in this paper, the Russian-language version of PBI can become a reliable tool to measure high school students’ perception of the parental attitude.


2020 ◽  
pp. 125-141
Author(s):  
I. I. Shelyapina

The article introduces the reader to the tools of axiological lingua-methodology, which allows including preparation for the state final certification in the purposeful, rich in approaches and methods process of studying Russian as a national cultural phenomenon. The aim of the study is to describe effective methods of working with the journalistic text in the 11th grade Russian lesson “Filling the future with meaning...”. The choice of theoretical and experimental methods of research is connected with the tasks of systematization and classification of tasks used in the lesson; modeling of the educational process on the basis of the modern methodical tool — linguistic and cultural characteristics of the text; estimation of actions of understanding of the publicist text. The author of article asserts efficiency of inclusion of high school students in different kinds of activity (work with dictionaries and reference books; linguistic and cultural characteristic of the publicist text; writing of the publicist text on the set parameters; expressive public utterance of the publicist text with the purpose of attraction of attention etc.) on the basis of unified scenario lesson construction. Connection of a theme of a lesson with the future professional activity of pupils provides involvement of high school students in educational process, subjective experience of the contents of the publicist text and dialogue with their authors. The novelty of the research is to describe the motivating role of the journalistic text in teaching Russian in high school. The theoretical significance of the research is to describe effective ways of activity that allow modeling educational situations in the Russian language lesson with the linguistic and cultural characteristics of the text. The practical significance of the article is that the main provisions of the research can be widely applied in school practice in the context of the introduction of the Federal state educational standard of secondary General education in preparation for the state final certification. The presented tools are also adapted for distance learning.


2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
E. K. Al-Yanai

At the present stage of the development of pedagogy, due to the tendency to axiologize education, special attention should be paid to the spiritual and moral development and education of the child's personality. In the process of studying at school, the subject of «Russian language» occupies a leading position, the metasubject educational functions of which make it possible to involve schoolchildren in the spiritual richness of Russian culture and literature, and the cultural and historical experience of mankind. In this regard, it is necessary to provide scientific and methodological support for the process of forming a value attitude of students to the Russian language, which allows organizing Training and Learning activities of high school students on a value basis. The purpose of this publication is to theoretically substantiate the conceptual model of forming the value attitude of high school students to the Russian language in the lyceum educational environment. Research methods and methodology. In the course of the work, the following methodological approaches were used: axiological, system-activity, environmental approaches, modeling method. Research results.1. The conceptual model of the formation of the value attitude of high school students to the Russian language in the conditions of the lyceum educational environment has been substantiated. 2. The substantive and procedural aspects of the process of forming the value attitude of high school students to the Russian language are characterized. Practical significance. The model of the formation of the value attitude of senior pupils to the Russian language in the process of classroom and extracurricular educational activities in the conditions of the lyceum educational environment, aimed at understanding the Russian language as a national and cultural value, may be in demand in further studies considering the value approach in education, the value-oriented aspect of teaching native language, as well as to be used in the development of special courses for students, graduate students and teachers on the problems of learning a language from an axiological standpoint.


Author(s):  
A. V. Zamilova ◽  
T. U. Satuchina

The article deals with the concept, project and originality of the new type of onomasiological naming dictionary formation. There are a number of psycholinguistic studies on the basis of the Naming Dictionary articles. The results of these studies show linguomarketing potential of the words-bionyms and their real function in company names, peculiarities of the native speaker linguistic consciousness, correlation lexicographic and “psychologically real” meaning of the word and peculiarities of the linguistic sign variation. The Naming Russian Dictionary reflects the knowledge about words in fundamentally new dimension: not according to the prescriptive function (in the current dictionary it is kept to the minimum) but in terms of the native speakers’ idea about word semantics and its reference with reality. An additional point is that the dictionary is made on the basis of the linguistic experiment. It provides not only enlargement of current linguistic studies in the sphere of the linguomarketology but it allows one to study an ordinary linguistic consciousness of native speakers of the Russian language.


2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Elena L. Aleshnikova ◽  
Yulija A. Chadina

The use of axiological approaches in the teaching of the Russian language is one of the main trends in Russian highschool education. In this research we applied the axiological educational approach in teaching high-school students to work with a publicistic hypertext. It is shown that such activities can contribute to the formation of students’ value system and their personal position.


Author(s):  
Б.В. Кунавин ◽  
И.А. Лазарова

Актуальность рассматриваемой проблемы в общелингвистическом аспекте связана с региональным варьированием русского языка, а в частноязыковедческом плане с недостаточной его изученностью на территории РСО-А. Такое изучение дает возможность познакомиться с особенностями его функционирования в поликультурном пространстве, взаимодействием с различными сферами осетинской языковой картины мира, а также выявить региональные культурные маркеры. Цель исследования состоит в изучении в коммуникативном пространстве РСО-А лексико-семантических особенностей регионального варианта русского языка, обусловленных лексическими заимствованиями из осетинского языка, отражающими воздействие осетинской культуры на русскую региональную культуру. Для достижения поставленной цели использовались следующие методы: описательный (сбор материала, обработка, интерпретация и обобщение), включающий приемы сопоставления, типологизации анализируемого материала; социолингвистический (методика наблюдения, включающая анкетирование, интервьюирование, эксперимент); лингвокультурологический, предусматривающий исследование языковых явлений в тесной связи с культурой носителей языка. Научная новизна работы заключается в том, что в ней исследованы актуальные, социально и культурно значимые для современного местного русскоязычного социума осетинские регионализмы, выявлены сферы языковой картины мира носителей русского языка, наиболее подверженные влиянию со стороны осетинского языка. Установлено, что функционирование осетинских локализмов носителями русского языка обусловлено психологическим, социальным, культурным взаимодействием с носителями осетинского языка. Динамика функционирования регионализмов зависит не только от их собственного языкового «веса», но и культурной значимости. Доказано, что использование русскоязычными говорящими осетинских регионализмов не ощущается ими в качестве непрестижного, а рассматривается как средство их идентификации в культурном пространстве своего региона, что обусловлено как историческими, так и социокультурными причинами. В результате исследования авторы пришли к выводу о связи регионального варианта русского языка на территории РСО-А с процессом заимствования, который демонстрирует различную степень освоения и тем самым устойчивого и ситуативного употребления заимствованного из осетинского языка слова в русском высказывании. Лексико-семантическая специфика регионального варианта русского языка на территории РСО-А заключается в том, что он включает в свой состав определенное количество осетинских регионализмов, заполняющих существующие лакуны в основном в сфере бытового общения. Употребление осетинских регионализмов носителями русского языка всегда мотивировано: регионализм выступает в качестве единицы особого номинативного, семантического, экспрессивного содержания, функционирующей в ситуации непринужденного общения, когда социальный контроль за речью проявляется в меньшей степени. Именно эти качества обеспечивают устойчивость региональных явлений в русском языке. Регионализмы неоднородны в лексико-грамматическом и семантико-тематическом аспектах. The relevance of the problem under consideration in the general linguistic aspect is associated with regional variation of the Russian language, and in the special linguistic plan with insufficient knowledge of it in the territory of North Ossetia-Alania. Such study makes it possible to get acquainted with the features of its functioning in a multicultural space, interaction with various areas of the Ossetian language picture of the world, as well as identify regional cultural markers. The purpose of the study is to study in the communicative space of North Ossetia-Alania the lexical and semantic features of the regional version of the Russian language, due to lexical borrowings from the Ossetian language, reflecting the impact of Ossetian culture on Russian regional culture. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: descriptive (collection of material, processing, interpretation and generalization), including methods of comparison, typology of the analyzed material; sociolinguistic (observation technique, including questioning, interviewing, experiment); linguoculturological, involving the study of linguistic phenomena in close connection with the culture of native speakers. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it investigated the Ossetian regionalisms that are relevant, socially and culturally significant for the modern local Russian-speaking society, identified areas of the linguistic picture of the world of native speakers of the Russian language that are most affected by the Ossetian language. It is established that the functioning of Ossetian localisms by native speakers of the Russian language is due to psychological, social, cultural interaction with native speakers of the Ossetian language. The dynamics of the functioning of regionalisms depends not only on their own linguistic "weight", but also on cultural significance. It is proved that the use of Ossetian regionalisms by Russian-speaking speakers is not perceived by them as non-prestigious, but is considered as a means of identifying them in the cultural space of their region, which is due to both historical and sociocultural reasons. As a result of the work done, the following results were obtained. The regional version of the Russian language in the territory of the North Ossetia-Alania is associated with the borrowing process, which demonstrates a different degree of development and thereby the sustainable and situational use of the word borrowed from the Ossetian language in the Russian utterance. The lexical and semantic specificity of the regional version of the Russian language on the territory of North Ossetia-Alania lies in the fact that it includes a certain number of Ossetian regionalisms that fill the existing gaps mainly in the field of everyday communication. The use of Ossetian regionalisms by native speakers of the Russian language is always motivated: regionalism acts as a unit of special nominative, semantic, expressive content, functioning in a situation of informal communication, when social control over speech is manifested to a lesser extent. It is these qualities that ensure the sustainability of regional phenomena in the Russian language. Regionalisms are heterogeneous in the lexical-grammatical and semantic-thematic aspects.


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