scholarly journals Physiological response of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha and the native species Pueraria lobata var. thomsonii to water stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1267-1275
Author(s):  
Jiayi Wang ◽  
◽  
Hanxia Yu ◽  
Yufang Lai ◽  
Fanghao Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Pueraria Lobata ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Mikania Micrantha

scholarly journals Tests of Hexazinone and Tebuthiuron for Control of Exotic Plants in Kauai, Hawaii

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Awaya ◽  
Zhu ◽  
Motooka ◽  
Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Metrosideros Polymorpha ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Native Plant Species

Non-native plant species have become serious pests in Hawaii’s delicate island ecosystems. It is necessary to control invasive plants. The herbicides hexazinone and tebuthiuron were evaluated for defoliation efficacy to control several major invasive plants and for non-target effects on native plants at Site I in a rainforest at 1200 m elevation and Site II in a mesic area at 640 m elevation on the island of Kauai, Hawaii. The invasive weed species in the sites included daisy fleabane (Erigeron karvinskianus DC.), faya tree (Myrica faya Ait.), strawberry guava (Psidium cattleyanum Sabine), banana passion fruit (Passiflora mollissima Bailey), vaseygrass (Paspalum urvillei Steud.), and highbush blackberry (Rubus argutus Link. 1822). Native plants included ohia lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha Gaudich.), naupaka (Scaevola cerasifolia Labill.), pilo (Hedyotis mannii), hona (Urera glabra (Hook. & Arn.)), aalii (Dodonaea viscosa Jacq.), and amau (Sadleria sp.). The results showed that broadcast applications of hexazinone granules and tebuthiuron pellets were effective on some of those invasive species. Herbicidal tolerance varied among the native species. For example, D. viscosa showed high tolerance to hexazinone. S. cerasifolia was susceptible to hexazinone, but not to tebuthiuron. The inconsistent defoliation of Sadleria sp. occurred among different applications rates of the two herbicides. M. polymorpha, particularly when it was small, could tolerate hexazinone and tebuthiuron. U. glabra was severely injured by the two herbicides. H. mannii was moderately tolerant to hexazinone, but fairly sensitive to tebuthiuron. The invasive loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) was highly tolerant to hexazinone, but was very sensitive to tebuthiuron. M. faya was very sensitive to hexazinone, but very tolerant to tebuthiuron. P. cattleyanum was sensitive to both herbicides. Six and nine months after hexazinone and tebuthiuron treatment, respectively, native plants were transplanted into the Sites to observe injury from residual herbicides. Approximately less than 10% mortality was observed for the out-planted native species three months after planting (MAP), indicating that the native species showed less injury in the early period of transplant. The mortality of the three endangered species Kauai hau kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphis distans), Kauai delissea (Delissea rhytidosperma H.Mann) and kawawaenohu (Alsinidendron lynchnoides), however, increased as the MAP increased. Overall, broadcast treatments of hexazinone and tebuthiuron at rates higher than 1 kg active ingredient per hectare would be problematic. The dissipation half-life values of hexazinone and tebuthiuron in the 1-15 cm layer of soils at the two sites were approximately 7 days and greater than 180 days, respectively.

Invasive alien weeds as bio-resource: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheeja K. Raj ◽  
Elizabeth K. Syriac
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Salvinia Molesta ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Water Nutrients

Invasive alien weeds are non-native organisms that cause potential harm to the environment, economics and human health. Its ability to outcompete native species for space, water, nutrients, and other essential resources, adaptability to a variety of environmental conditions, absence of natural predators and parasites and prolific seed producing characteristics, once established it is very difficult to control or eliminate. Eradication through utilization is the present concept of management of invasive alien weeds. Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell, Parthenium hysterophorus L., Mikania micrantha Kunth, Chromolaena odorata (L.), Mimosa invisa Mart. Ex Colla and Lantana camara L. are the major invasive alien weeds of Kerala. The literature about the bio-utilization of these major invasive alien weeds is reviewed in this paper.

Photosynthesis in an open field for exotic versus native vines of the southeastern United States

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Carter ◽  
Alan H. Teramura ◽  
Irwin N. Forseth
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Vapor Pressure ◽  
High Irradiance ◽  
Pueraria Lobata ◽  
Vapor Pressure Difference ◽  
High Vapor ◽  
Parthenocissus Quinquefolia

The potential importance of leaf gas exchange to the prolific growth characteristics of the exotic vines Pueraria lobata and Lonicera japonica versus the native vines Rhus radicans, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Vitis vulpina, and Clematis virginiana was evaluated. Under high irradiance and low leaf-air water vapor pressure difference, photosynthesis was similar (23 – 27 μmol∙m−2∙s−1) among species with the exception of R. radicans (16 μmol∙m−2∙s−1). Conductance and transpiration were greater in Pueraria lobata than in the other species. When the leaf-air vapor pressure difference was high (4.0 kPa) photosynthesis in the exotic vines decreased more than in several of the native species. Photosynthesis in L. japonica and Parthenocissus quinquefolia, and to a lesser extent in Pueraria lobata, was reduced by high vapor pressure differences even though internal CO2 partial pressures remained relatively high, suggesting a nonstomatal reduction of photosynthetic capacity. Thus, the highly prolific growth typical of the exotic vines may not be attributable to greater steady-state photosynthesis.

Effect of Temperature and Moisture on Quinclorac Soil Half-life and Resulting Native Grass and Forb Establishment

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney G. Lym
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Native Grass

Quinclorac will control leafy spurge and not injure many established native grasses and forbs. Seeding of desirable species is often required to reestablish native vegetation after an invasive weed-management program, but quinclorac residue may inhibit the reestablishment of native species. Greenhouse studies were conducted to estimate quinclorac dissipation rates in Northern Great Plains soils and the effect of residue on establishment of some native grass and broadleaf plants. Quinclorac 50% dissipation time (DT50) ranged from > 21 to 112 d in four soils from the Northern Great Plains. The quinclorac DT50 was dependent on several factors including soil type, moisture content, temperature, and especially organic matter (OM). Across four different soil textures, quinclorac dissipation generally increased as soil moisture content increased, but moisture had less of an impact in low OM soils. Quinclorac dissipation also increased as temperature increased in the four soils. The most rapid dissipation occurred in soils with higher OM (> 6%), with an average DT50 of < 38 d, at 45% moisture content, held at 16 C. Wild bergamot, purple coneflower, blanketflower, and stiff goldenrod seedling growth were all reduced by quinclorac residue at 6 μg kg−1, the lowest concentration evaluated in the study. The native grass species big bluestem, intermediate wheatgrass, and switchgrass generally were tolerant of quinclorac, but green needlegrass was sensitive, and seedling growth declined as quinclorac residue increased from 6 to 375 μg kg−1. Based on a quinclorac application of 840 kg ha−1 and 150 frost-free d, seeding of sensitive forbs and grasses should be delayed at least 12 mo after herbicide application.

Management of an Aquatic Invasive Weed with Uncertain Benefits and Damage Costs: The Case of Elodea Canadensis in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850025
Author(s):  
George Marbuah ◽  
Ing-Marie Gren ◽  
Kristina Tattersdill ◽  
Brendan G. McKie
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Elodea Canadensis ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Nutrient Regulation ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
Littoral Zones ◽  
Theoretical Finding ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
The Cost

The invasive aquatic weed Elodea canadensis (Mich) (Canadian pondweed) might provide benefits for nature and society when present in low abundance by contributing to nutrient regulation in lakes, particularly in more degraded environments where native species are unable to persist, but can cause damage when it forms extensive monocultures that choke lake littoral zones. Using a bioeconomic model developed to describe the population dynamics and uncertain spatial dispersion of the weed in Lake Löt in Sweden, we conducted an analysis of optimal management of the species as regards good and bad effects on society. A theoretical finding was that the level of control required depends on the benefits, damage costs, control costs, and uncertainty in dispersal of the weed. Lake Löt was chosen as the case because data on dynamics of the weed are available for this lake. The empirical results showed that the total net benefits were sensitive to inclusion of uncertainty and benefits of the species, but uncertainty had little effect on the level and timing of optimal control of the weed. However, the cost of no action with associated damage costs net of benefits of the weed proved to be considerably larger than the control costs, irrespective of inclusion of benefits and uncertainty.

scholarly journals A study on the ecology and economic impact of major invasive weed species of coconut homesteads of Nattika, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
ES Abhilash ◽  
Sheeja P Parayil ◽  
Brijesh Sathian ◽  
AR Raju ◽  
NA Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Genetic Aberration

Out of the 4 alien invasive species three are of high risk namely Mikania micrantha, Chromolaena odorata and Mimosa diplotricha. Lantana camara is found to be medium risk. The farmers spent a considerable amount of money nearly Rs 4800 per year for one acre land pertaining to mechanical weeding of invasive species. The herbicide is widely used by farmers to control the weeds are capable to cause various health problems including genetic aberration. So an effective and comprehensive weed management strategy have to be developed in the country to combat the threats of IAS in agriculture fields. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/apjeesd.v1i1.9509Asia Pacific Journal of Environment Ecology and Sustainable Development 2013; 1: 32-35

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