FRUIT SET PATTERN IN SELF- AND OPEN-POLLINATED OLIVE CULTIVARS

1990 ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rallo ◽  
J. Cuevas ◽  
H.F. Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Olive Cultivars

scholarly journals Reproductive Success after Self-pollination and Cross-pollination of Olive Cultivars in Croatia

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Vuletin Selak ◽  
Slavko Perica ◽  
Smiljana Goreta Ban ◽  
Mira Radunic ◽  
Milan Poljak
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Cross Compatibility ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Simultaneous Flowering

Olive orchard productivity largely depends on the choice of planted cultivars and their pollination needs. Orchard designs in Croatia are changing because a number of valuable foreign olive cultivars, mostly Italian, have been introduced in this region in the last 30 years. The compatibility relationships of introduced cultivars with autochthonous cultivars are unknown. With the objective of studying reproductive behavior of the most important Croatian cultivars (Drobnica, Lastovka, Levantinka, and Oblica) and their cross-pollination to recently introduced Italian cultivars Leccino and Pendolino, initial and final fruit set in self-pollination versus cross-pollination and free pollination were compared during three flowering seasons. Experiments were conducted in three different orchards (Kastela, Mravince, and Brac) to identify the effect of the environment on reproductive behavior of olive cultivars. The differences of fruit set in five olive cultivars after tested pollination treatments appeared at the time of initial fruit set. Increased final fruit set under cross-pollinations was observed when compared with self-pollination for all olive cultivars in all experimental orchards. In the Mravince orchard, a positive response to cross-pollination was consistent, and fruit set increased under cross-pollination in all cultivars and years with the exception of ‘Levantinka’ in which no significant differences were noticed between self-pollination treatment and cross-pollination treatments in 2005. Variable self-fertility behavior from season to season was found for tested cultivars. A self-incompatibility index (ISI) higher than 0.1 was recorded for ‘Levantinka’ in all experimental years and, therefore, classified it as a partially self-incompatible cultivar. Self-incompatibility response was observed for ‘Lastovka’. The positive response to cross-pollination over self-pollination only in some experimental years classified ‘Drobnica’, ‘Leccino’, and ‘Oblica’ as partially self-incompatible. Results obtained from this study indicated that pollination efficiency is strictly combination-specific. The Italian cultivar, Leccino, was a successful pollen acceptor and pollenizer of most Croatian cultivars. Reciprocal high success in cross-pollination was recorded for ‘Levantinka’ and ‘Oblica’. In the Mravince orchard, ‘Lastovka’, ‘Leccino’, and ‘Oblica’ were efficient pollenizers of ‘Levantinka’ where the simultaneous flowering period was in accordance with their cross-compatibility. ‘Levantinka’ was a good pollenizer for ‘Lastovka’ in the Mravince orchard, and both cultivars entered into the flowering period earlier than other studied cultivars, which was not the case in the other two orchards. The variations in flowering timing among orchards were a consequence of differences in environmental conditions. According to the high fruit sets recorded in ‘Oblica’ after pollination with ‘Leccino’ or ‘Levantinka’, an increase in tree productivity of the acceptor cultivar is expected in the presence of selected pollenizers in all olive-growing regions.

The influence of girdling on flower type, number, inflorescence density, fruit set, and yields in three different olive cultivars (Barnea, Picual, and Souri)

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 827 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Levin ◽  
S. Lavee
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Young Age ◽  
First Year ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Flower Type ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Growing Conditions

The influence of girdling on flower type and number, inflorescence density, and fruit set in 3 different olive cultivars (Barnea, Picual, and Souri) under intensive growing conditions using saline irrigation water was studied for 3 years. The density of inflorescences on the branches was not affected by girdling in any of the 3 cultivars during any of the 3 consecutive years studied. Also, no clear relation between the number of flowers and girdling was found in any of the 3 cultivars tested. The percentage of perfect flowers on the girdled scaffolds of cvv. Barnea and Picual increased significantly, except for Picual in 2002 where no differences were observed. However, no such difference between the non-girdled and girdled scaffolds was observed in cv. Souri. Comparison of fruit set on non-girdled and girdled scaffolds showed a similar and generally positive response to the treatment in the examined cultivars. However, in the third year of the study, no significant difference between the non-girdled and girdled scaffolds was observed. A significantly higher yield of the girdled trees was measured in the 3 cultivars during the first year after the winter girdling. Due to the young age of the trees the effect of girdling on yield was not further recorded. Fruit size on the girdled scaffolds was smaller than those from the non-girdled ones, as a consequence a higher percentage of fruit set was observed on the first ones. The results presented in this study point to different varietal responses of olive trees to girdling. However, this might also be due to the young age of the trees in this study as well as the peculiar agronomic condition of the trees.

scholarly journals Compatibility between “Arbequina” and “Souri” Olive Cultivars May Increase Souri Fruit Set

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Iris Biton ◽  
Yair Many ◽  
Ali Mazen ◽  
Giora Ben-Ari
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Paternity Analysis ◽  
Olive Cultivar ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
The North ◽  
Olive Variety ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Arbequina Cultivar

The “Souri” olive cultivar, which is autochthonous to the eastern Mediterranean region, has been the major olive variety cultivated traditionally under rain-fed conditions in northern Israel. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal pollen donor for the olive cultivar Souri in order to maximize Souri fruit set. Artificial cross pollination of Souri flowers with several local varieties has identified the “Nabali” as the most efficient pollinizer of the Souri. However, further experiments using artificial cross pollination conducted with cultivars not common to this region have revealed the “Arbequina” as a more efficient pollinizer of the Souri cultivar than the Nabali. Based on a preliminary paternity analysis, the Nabali was identified as the dominant pollinizer of Souri trees in traditional olive orchards in the north of Israel. However, in a multi-variety orchard, molecular paternity analysis has shown Arbequina to be the most frequent pollinizer. We then tested, during two consecutive years, whether the presence of a pollen-producing Arbequina tree adjoining Souri trees in the field will increase their fruit set. We found that Souri fruit set was 8.36% when pollinized by an Arbequina tree in close proximity to them, significantly higher than the fruit set of 5.6% for Souri trees without the nearby Arbequina cultivar. On the basis of these trials, we expect that the yield of Souri orchards will improve if Arbequina trees are planted.

scholarly journals Influence of foliar spray with some calcium sources on flowering, fruit set, yield and fruit quality of olive Kalmata and Manzanillo cultivars under salt stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman S. El-Hady ◽  
Mohamed A. Merwad ◽  
Mohamed F. M. Shahin ◽  
Laila F. Hagagg
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Sex Expression ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
Olive Trees

Abstract Background This work was carried out through 2017 and 2018 seasons on Kalmata and Manzanillo olive cultivars. Trees were 15 years old, grown in sandy soil and planted at 5 × 5 m apart irrigated with saline water through drip irrigation system. This investigation aimed to improve flowering, fruit set, yield and fruit quality of the tow olive cultivars. Trees were sprayed with calcium at 0.5% as calcium chloride (21% Ca) and chelated calcium. Results The results revealed that there were significant differences with calcium source treatment regarding number of inflorescences/shoot, no. of total flowers/inflorescences, sex expression, initial fruit set, final fruit set (%) and yield/kg (tree) and decreasing fruit drop (%) of olive oil Kalmata and Manzanillo cultivars compared with unsprayed in both seasons. Conclusions Results proved that olive trees sprayed at the end of December with 0.5% calcium as chelated calcium was the promising treatment for good flowering, fruit set, yield and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Flower characteristics and sexual compatibility of Italian olive cultivar Coratina under Syrian coast conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Mhanna ◽  
F.W. Douay ◽  
M. Rajab
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Pollination Efficiency ◽  
Olive Cultivar ◽  
Good Pollen ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Pistil Abortion ◽  
Sexual Compatibility ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Syrian Coast

Abstract. The study was conducted for four years (2016 to 2019) in Olive germoplasm collection at Bouka, Latakia, Syria, to evaluate flower characteristics and sexual compatibility of olive cultivar Coratina under Syrian coast conditions. “Coratina” was characterized by low level of pistil abortion, average number of flowers per inflorescence and good pollen germinablity. ISI of “Coratina” showed that this cultivar was highly self- incompatible. A new threshold depends on flowering load and final fruit set were adapted to evaluate pollinizers. The two autochthonous olive cultivars “Khodeiri” and “Dermlali” were good pollinizers for “Coratina” but with some annual differences in pollination efficiency. Reverse pollination results confirmed that “Khoderi” is inter-compatible with „Coratina“ in both directions. It is suggested to plant “Coratina” in mixed orchards with “Khoderi” because they’re inter-compatible, having regular bearing habit and overlapping in flowering period.

scholarly journals 753 PB 143 POLLEN-PISTIL INCOMPATIBILITY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MANZANILLO AND FRANTOIO OLIVE (Olea europaea L.) CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 541a-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cuevas ◽  
L. Rallo ◽  
H.F. Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Incompatibility Reaction ◽  
Reproductive Processes

We have compared reproductive processes and fruit set in Manzanillo and Frantoio olive cultivars which are reported in the literature respectively as incompatible and partially compatible. The same incompatibility reaction was observed in both cultivars. Pollen tube growth was almost completely inhibited beyond the stigma, but some degree of self-fertilization was accomplished. However, in both cultivars cross-pollination provided a earlier and higher level of fertilization. Differences in self-incompatibility behavior seemed related to the level and the amount of delay in self-fertilization. In the compatible variety, Frantoio, self-pollen tube growth was accomplished more rapidly and showed a higher level of self-fertilization than in the incompatible Manzanillo cultivar. Fruit set matched reproductive behavior.

The effects of date pollinizer variety and pollination time on fruit set and yield of Medjhol date palm

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoul Amir Rahnama ◽  
Esmaeil Rahkhodaei
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Female Flowers

Date palm is unisexual, being either male or female. Male and female flowers grow on buds called Spathe, which opens naturally when fully mature. It is easy to identify the male and female flowers. Under the method of manual pollination, pollen from a male flower is smeared over female flowers. The pollen variety and pollination time have important effects on date palm fruit set, yield and quality. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of date pollinizer variety and pollination time on fruit set, growth and development of Medjhol date palm variety, in date palm garden of date palm and tropical fruit research institute of Iran during three years from 2009 to 2011. The trail was randomized complete block design in factorial manner with three pollen variety as Ghaname, Vardy, and Samesmave, two pollination time as 1-3 days before or after spathe opening and four replication. The results showed that the Vardy pollen had significant effects and increased the fertility percent and fruit yield, rather than two other pollen varieties. The pollen variety had no significant effects on fruit quality as total sugar, acidity, and bricx. The pollination time before spathe opening significantly increased fertility percent, decreased fruit weight and date palm yield. Finally the pollen variety and pollination time interaction effects showed that, application of Vardy pollen from 1-3 days after spathe opening with the most production date palm yield, equal 19.9 kilogram per any date palm trees, so this treatment is the best and are recommended.

UPAYA MEMPERTAHANKAN BUNGA DAN FRUIT SET TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum L.) PADA LAHAN ULTISOL MELALUI PEMBERIAN LUMPUR LAUT DAN PUPUK KANDANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Imelda J Lawalatta ◽  
Francina Matulessy ◽  
Meitty L Hehanussa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Factor Effect ◽  
Marine Mud

Chili (Capsicum annum L.) often experience the highest price fluctuations in Indonesia. This is caused by the production that is often disrupted in certain months, especially in the months in the rainy season due to flowers and fruits that fall before the harvest. Since agricultural land has changed its function for infrastructure development, marginal land (Ultisol) is used. The ultisol problem is: high acidity, low organic matter content, nutrient deficiency important for plants (eg N, P, Ca, Mg and Mo) and high solubility of Al, Fe and Mn. The provision of organic materials such as manure and marine mud will overcome the problem of acid-rich mineral soil and play an important role in improving, increased and maintaining sustainable land productivity. Research results for chili flower significantly. the highest number of flowers found in the treatment of L0P3, L1P2, L1P3 and L2P3 that is > 60 flower/plant. There was a single factor effect for the amount of fruit, mostly found in L3 treatment (600 ton/ha marine mud) that is 22.36 fruit/plant. The treatment of manure significantly influenced the formation of the most fruit set in the treatment of P0 and P2 (without manure and manure 20 ton/ha) that is 77.60% and 70.,45%. Keywords: Ultisol, Marine mud, Manure, Flowers and Fruit sets   ABSTRAK Tanaman cabai besar (Capsicum annum L.) sering mengalami fluktuasi harga paling tinggi di Indonesia. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh produksi yang sering terganggu pada bulan tertentu terutama pada bulan-bulan di musim penghujan dikarenakan bunga dan buah yang rontok sebelum panen. Karena lahan pertanian banyak beralih fungsinya untuk pembangunan infrastuktur, maka digunakan lahan marginal (Ultisol). Masalah ultisol ialah: kemasaman tinggi, kadar bahan organik yang rendah, kekurangan unsur hara penting bagi tanaman (contoh: N, P, Ca, Mg dan Mo) serta tingginya kelarutan Al, Fe dan Mn. Pemberian bahan organik seperti pupuk kandang dan Lumpur laut akan mengatasi persoalan tanah mineral masam berkadar Al tinggi dan berperan penting dalam memperbaiki, meningkatkan serta mempertahankan produktifitas lahan secara berkelanjutan Hasil Penelitian untuk jumlah bunga cabai berpengaruh signifikan. jumlah bunga terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan L0P3, L1P2, L1P3 dan L2P3 yaitu > 60 bunga/tanaman. Terjadi pengaruh faktor tunggal untuk jumlah buah, terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan L3 ( 600 ton/ha lumpur laut) yaitu 22,36 buah/tanaman. Perlakuan pupuk kandang berpengaruh signifikan Pembentukan fruit set terbanyak pada perlakuan P0 dan P2 (tanpa pupuk kandang dan pupuk kandang 20 ton/ha) yaitu 77,60% dan 70,45%. Kata kunci: Ultisol, Lumpur Laut, Pupuk Kandang, Bunga dan Fruit set

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