scholarly journals Structural-functional reorganization of dimorphous black yeast-like fungi Exophiala alcalophila under influence of plant essential oils

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kondratiuk ◽  
A. Kalinichenko
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Black Yeast ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Functional Reorganization ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
High Level

Antifungal influence of essential oils of the following plants Cariophyllus aromaticus L., Foennicilum vulgare Mill., Lavandula anqustifolia Mill., Mentha piperita L., Melaleuca alternifolia Maid., Origanum vulgare L., Pelargonium roseum Wild., Thymus vulgaris L., and benzalconium chloride on black yeast-like fungi Exophiala alcalophila Goto et Sugiy was investigated. High level of the antifungal influence of plant oils of O. vulgare, Th. vulgaris, P. roseum and C. aromaticus was found with the usage of disc-diffusion method. The influence of plant essential oils mentioned is similar to influence of 3% benzalconium chloride. The following structural-functional reorganization of Exophiala alcalophila, i.e.: exchange of morphometric indices of cells, colony morphology, intensity of budding, dimorphous transition 'yeast-mycelium' were observed under influence of benzalconium chloride and plant essential oils of O. vulgare, Th. vulgaris, P. roseum and C. aromaticus. These exchanges illustrate wide adaptation possibilities of black yeast culture investigated.

scholarly journals Rapid Screening of Essential Oils as Substances Which Enhance Antibiotic Activity Using a Modified Well Diffusion Method

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Ze-Hua Cui ◽  
Hui-Ling He ◽  
Shuai-Bin Wu ◽  
Chun-Liu Dong ◽  
Si-Ya Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
High Level

Antimicrobial resistance is recognized as one of the major global health challenges of the 21st century. Synergistic combinations for antimicrobial therapies can be a good strategy for the treatment of multidrug resistant infections. We examined the ability of a group of 29 plant essential oils as substances which enhance the antibiotic activity. We used a modified well diffusion method to establish a high-throughput screening method for easy and rapid identification of high-level enhancement combinations against bacteria. We found that 25 essential oils possessed antibacterial activity against Escherichia Coli ATCC 25922 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 43300 with MICs that ranged from 0.01% to 2.5% v/v. We examined 319 (11 × 29) combinations in a checkerboard assay with E. Coli ATCC 25922 and MRSA 43300, and the result showed that high-level enhancement combinations were 48 and 44, low-level enhancement combinations were 214 and 211, and no effects combinations were 57 and 64, respectively. For further verification we randomly chose six combinations that included orange and Petitgrain essential oils in a standard time-killing assay. The results are in great agreement with those of the well diffusion assays. Therefore, the modified diffusion method was a rapid and effective method to screen high-level enhancement combinations of antibiotics and essential oils.

scholarly journals Effects of Natural Antimicrobials on Xanthomonas Strains Growth

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Irena Mačionienė ◽  
Dovilė Čepukoit ◽  
Joana Šalomskienė ◽  
Darius Černauskas ◽  
Daiva Burokienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Natural Antimicrobials ◽  
Inhibition Zones

The aim of this work was to investigate the most promising natural antimicrobials effective for the growth suppression of Xanthomonas spp. bacteria. The research objects were Xanthomonas spp. strains isolated from tubers and stem of plants growing in Lithuania: Xanthomonas translucens NRCIB X6, X. arboricola NRCIB X7, NRCIB X8, NRCIB X9, and NRCIB X10; the supernatants of lactic acid bacteria Lactococcus lactis strains 140/2, 57, and 768/5, Lactobacillus helveticus strains 14, 148/3, R, and 3, Lb. reuteri 3 and 7, Streptococcus thermophilus 43, Enterococcus faecium 59-30 and 41-2; endophytic bacterial strains Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Paenibacillus spp.; and essential oils of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), pine (Pinus sylvestris), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), peppermint (Mentha piperita), lemon (Citrus limetta), aqueous extracts of blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus), and cranberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea). The antimicrobial activity of tested substances was determined by agar diffusion method. Supernatants of Lb. reuteri strain 7 and Lb. helveticus strains 14, R, 3, and 148/3 were found to have a high antimicrobial activity against Xanthomonas spp. bacteria strains when compared to the positive control—1.0% copper sulfate (diameter of inhibition zones was 28.8 ± 0.7 mm). The diameter of inhibition zones of supernatants ranged from 23.3 ± 0.6 mm to 32.0 ± 0.1 mm. Thyme (2.0%) and lavender (2.0%) essential oils inhibited the growth of Xanthomonas spp. strains. The diameter of the inhibition zones was from 14.7 ± 0.8 mm to 22.8 ± 0.9 mm. The aqueous extracts of blueberries had a weak antimicrobial activity. The diameter of inhibition zones ranged from 11.0 ± 0.2 mm to 13.0 ± 0.2 mm.

Efficacy of Plant Essential Oils on Postharvest Control of Rots Caused by Fungi on Different Stone Fruits In Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
JORGE GIOVANNY LOPEZ-REYES ◽  
DAVIDE SPADARO ◽  
AMBRA PRELLE ◽  
ANGELO GARIBALDI ◽  
MARIA LODOVICA GULLINO
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

The antifungal activity of plant essential oils was evaluated as postharvest treatment on stone fruit against brown rot and grey mold rot of stone fruit caused by Monilinia laxa and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. The essential oils from basil (Ocimum basilicum), fennel (Foeniculum sativum), lavender (Lavandula officinalis), marjoram (Origanum majorana), oregano (Origanum vulgare), peppermint (Mentha piperita), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis), savory (Satureja montana), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and wild mint (Mentha arvensis) were tested at two different concentrations on apricots (cv. Kyoto and cv. Tonda di Costigliole), nectarines (cv. Big Top and cv. Nectaross) and plums (cv. Italia and cv. TC Sun). The volatile composition of the essential oils tested was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The treatments containing essential oils from oregano, savory, and thyme at 1% (vol/vol) controlled both B. cinerea and M. laxa growing on apricots cv. Tonda di Costigliole and plums cv. Italia and cv. TC Sun; however, the same treatments were phytotoxic for the carposphere of nectarines cv. Big Top and cv. Nectaross. Treatments with 10% (vol/vol) essential oils were highly phytotoxic, notwithstanding their efficacy against the pathogens tested. The essential oils containing as major components α-pinene, p-cymene, carvacrol, and thymol showed similar results on stone fruit, so their antimicrobial activity and the phytotoxicity produced could be based on the concentration of their principal compounds and their synergistic activity. The efficacy of the essential oil treatments on control of fungal pathogens in postharvest depended on the fruit cultivar, the composition and concentration of the essential oil applied, and the length of storage.

Essential oils and plant extracts with activity against oral microorganisms: prevention and treatment of oral diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Herman ◽  
Andrzej Młynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Oral Microorganisms

The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of essential oils and extracts of Salvia officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Juniperus communis and Rosmarinus officinalis with antibiotics against physiological and pathological strains of microorganisms isolated from the oral cavity. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of essential oils, extracts and antibiotics were evaluated using the disc diffusion method. Essential oils exhibited higher inhibitory activity against physiological microflora and all tested pathogenic microorganism strains than those observed for antibiotics and plant extracts. Essential oils and ethanolic extracts of Thymus vulgaris were the most potent growth inhibitor of all microorganisms isolated from the oral cavity. Depending on the bacterial strain tested, Thymus vulgaris oil had 3–8 times higher inhibitory activity compared with all tested antibiotics and exhibited the same strength of antifungal activity as amfotericin and miconazol against Candida albicans. Essential oils and extracts may be useful in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases caused by oral microorganisms.

THE ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OBTAINED FROM SPECIES AND INTERSPECIES HYBRIDS OF THE Mentha GENUS AGAINST SELECTED PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Schollenberger ◽  
Tomasz M. Staniek ◽  
Elżbieta Paduch-Cichal ◽  
Beata Dasiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Gadomska-Gajadhur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Interspecies Hybrids

Plant essential oils of six aromatic herb species and interspecies hybrids of the family Lamiaceae – chocolate mint (Mentha piperita × ‘Chocolate’), pineapple mint (Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’), apple mint (Mentha × rotundifolia), spearmint (Mentha spicata), orange mint (Mentha × piperita ‘Granada’) and strawberry mint (Mentha × villosa ‘Strawberry’) – were investigated for antimicrobial effects against plant pathogenic bacteria: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina. The screening was carried out in vitro on agar plates filled with the target organism. All essential oils screened exhibited a higher level of antibacterial activity against A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina than streptomycin used as a standard in all tests. The antimicrobial effect of streptomycin and five mint oils was at the same level for P. syringae pv. syringae. There were no significant differences in the influence of the chocolate mint oil on the growth inhibition of all bacteria tested. Plant essential oils from pineapple mint, apple mint, spearmint and strawberry mint showed the weakest antimicrobial activity against P. syringae pv. syringae and the strongest towards A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina. The essential oils from strawberry mint, pineapple mint, spearmint and apple mint had the strongest effect on A. tumefaciens, and the lowest inhibitory activity was exhibited by the chocolate mint and orange mint essential oils. X. arboricola pv. corylina was the most sensitive to the strawberry mint, pineapple mint and spearmint oils. The chocolate mint oil showed the greatest activity against P. syringae pv. syringae.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Mentha piperita and Carum carvi essential oils

2017 ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Plavsic ◽  
Gordana Dimic ◽  
Djordje Psodorov ◽  
Dragan Psodorov ◽  
Ljubisa Saric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Penicillium Aurantiogriseum

Aromatic plants are one of the most important sources of biologically active secondary metabolites, which possess various antimicrobial characteristics. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of antifungal activities of mint and caraway essential oils against the selected fungi. Eight species of molds were selected for antifungal testing: Alternaria alternata, Aspegillus flavus, A. niger, A. versicolor, Eurotium herbariorum, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, P. chrysogenum and P. expansum. Testing of essential oils antifungal activity against the selected species was conducted using the disc diffusion method by adding mint and caraway essential oils (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 ?l per disc). Antifungal activity of essential oils was expressed by the diameter of inhibition zone (mm). The most powerful effect of mint essential oil was recorded against E. herbariorum, as its growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 5 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against P. chrysogenum (inhibition zone 13.67 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l. The most powerful antifungal activity of caraway was observed against E. herbariorum as growth was completely inhibited by the quantity of 10 ?l. The weakest inhibitory effect was observed against A. niger (inhibition zone 28 mm) by the quantity of 10 ?l.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils Against Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)/Carbapenamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Involved in Human Nosocomial Infections

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Iseppi ◽  
Alessandro Di Cerbo ◽  
Piero Aloisi ◽  
Mattia Manelli ◽  
Veronica Pellesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of four essential oils (EOs), Melaleuca alternifolia, Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita, and Thymus vulgaris, in preventing the development and spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. A total of 60 strains were obtained from the stock collection from the Microbiology Laboratory of Hesperia Hospital, Modena, Italy. Twenty ESBL-producing E. coli, 5 K. pneumoniae, 13 KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, and 20 MBL-producing P. aeruginosa were cultured and reconfirmed as ESBL and carbapenamase producers. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of genes responsible for antibiotic resistance (ESBL and KPC/MBL). Antibacterial activity of the EOs was determined using the agar disk diffusion assay, and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also evaluated. Lastly, adhesion capability and biofilm formation on polystyrene and glass surfaces were studied in 24 randomly selected strains. M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs showed the best antibacterial activity against all tested strains and, as revealed by agar disk diffusion assay, M. alternifolia was the most effective, even at low concentrations. This effect was also confirmed by MICs, with values ranging from 0.5 to 16 µg/mL and from 1 to 16 µg/mL, for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively. The EOs’ antibacterial activity compared to antibiotics confirmed M. alternifolia EO as the best antibacterial agent. T. vulgaris EO also showed a good antibacterial activity with MICs lower than both reference antibiotics. Lastly, a significant anti-biofilm activity was observed for the two EOs (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively). A good antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs against all selected strains was observed, thus demonstrating a future possible use of these EOs to treat infections caused by ESBL/carbapenemase-producing strains, even in association with antibiotics.

scholarly journals Effect of plant essential oils on mortality of the stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci)

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zouhar ◽  
O. Douda ◽  
D. Lhotský ◽  
R. Pavela
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Nematode Management ◽  
Origanum Compactum ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci

The aim of this study was to assess the nematicidal activity of different essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants for use in nematode management. Essential oils of <I>Eugenia caryophyllata, Origanum compactum, Origanum vulgare, Thymus matschiana</I> and <I>Thymus vulgaris</I> showed nematicidal activity against <I>Ditylenchus dipsaci.</I>

scholarly journals Plant Essential Oils Based Nanoemulsion Formulations and Its Antibacterial Effect on Some Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4800-4808
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Natural Antimicrobials ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Antibiotic resistance is the most challenging problem of concern globally and this is invigorating the need of newer antimicrobial products with potential antimicrobial properties. Plant products, especially plant essential oils produce a large array of secondary metabolites as natural antimicrobials. Use of nanotechnology can add advantages to enhance the antibacterial properties of these essential oils. Present study is focused on development of nanoemulsions from plant essential oils and to study their antibacterial activities. Tea Tree Oil, Thyme Oil, Clove leaf and Cinnamon Essential Oils nanoemulsion was formulated using Tween 20 and Tween 80 respectively using probe ultrasonicator. All the formulated Nanoemulsions were then subjected to physicochemical characterization, stability studies and tested for antibacterial activities using Agar-well diffusion method. Stable nanoemulsion formulation with maximum antibacterial activity then subjected to droplet size measurements and polydispersibility index study. Increase in surfactant concentration resulted in reduction in droplet size when ultrasonication time was constant. Cinnamon oil nanoemulsion 20C4 & 80C4 with pdi index 0.573 and 0.382 and droplet size 272.3nm and 133.6 nm respectively demonstrated maximum antibacterial activity in Agar-well diffusion method against S.aureus, E.coli, and S.typhi. When both nanoemulsions were exposed to bacterial growth curve inhibition study. No potential rise in optical density of test pathogens were observed. The inhibition of bacterial growth may be due to killing action of cinnamon oil nanoemulsion formulations to initial bacterial inoculum added to nutrient broth. The study suggests that nanoemulsion formulations from plant essential oils can be used as natural antimicrobials in variety of products.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant activities of Indonesian ginger (jahe emprit) essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Nurul Azizah ◽  
Euis Filaila ◽  
Salahuddin Salahuddin ◽  
Egi Agustian ◽  
Anny Sulaswatty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Assay ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay

The rhizome of ginger is commonly used as a spice, food, beverage as well as medicine. Plant essential oils including from ginger have been widely used for food preservation, pharmaceutical and alternative medicines.  Currently there are growing interest of consumer for natural sources such as essential oils for natural antibacterial and antioxidant.  Jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var. Amarum) is one of Indonesian ginger variety used to obtain ginger essential oil. The objective of current study was to investigate the effect of solvent to feed (SF) ratio in hydrodistillation process on yield, chemicals content, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of ginger essential oils from jahe emprit.  SF ratio used in this study is 0.7: 1, 1.7: 1, 2.7: 1.  Chemicals content was conducted using GCMS analysis.  Antibacterial assay was conducted using disc diffusion method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.  Antioxidant assay was conducted using DPPH free radical scavenging assay.  The results show that the highest essential oil yield was obtained from SF ratio 1.7:1 which gave yield of 3.7%.  GCMS analysis shows that camphene was always the major compound present in those 3 SF ratio, although the amount present was differed.  Besides, 4 other major compounds present were varied.  Antibacterial assay using 1% concentration showed ginger oil obtained from SF 0.7:1 and 2.7:1 have the same activities for S. aureus, whereas SF ratio 1.7:1 has the lowest activities.  However for E. coli, all SF ratio gave same results.  For antioxidant activities at 1000 ppm concentration, the highest activity was obtained from SF ratio 2.7:1

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