scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF THE RELEVANCE OF MODERN COMPARATIVE RESEARCH

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
G. P. Podolian
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Western World ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Intercultural Interactions ◽  
High Level

The article analyzes the relevance of comparative research in the modern conditions of the global world. The forms of communication that are immanent for any culture, the development of another's experience of cultural being, intercultural interactions are determined. The significance of philosophy is deter- mined as one of the foundations contributing to the processes of forming dialogism as a cultural characteristic of ancient, and then Western culture. The culture-creating nature of the communicative, dialogical nature of Western culture is interpreted as an important basis for the emergence of a comparative historical method of studying cultural diversity. Attention is focused on the productive experience of cultural interaction that emerged in ancient Greece and developed by further followers in the Western world. The history of the development of the comparative tradition is traced through the delineation of the main factors, which, in their entirety, have become a favorable basis for the emergence of systemic research using the comparative method. Indicates the main trends of modern comparative searches and unsolved problems. The directions of the heuristic development of the future prospects of this method of cultural analysis are indicated. These include: a high level of dialogicity of ancient, and then Western culture; geographical discoveries of the New time; educational and cultural activities of representatives of the Enlightenment; the devel- opment of scientific knowledge in the direction of the penetration of ideas about the natural movement of social development from the natural sci- ences into the social sciences; the appeals and popularization of O. Conte of studying the "main laws" of social phenomena, including the com- parative historical method; authoritative recognition of history and linguistics as a science in the nineteenth century; the idea of progressive pro- gress of human culture; scientific activities of representatives of cultural schools of evolutionary anthropology, diffusionism, social anthropology.

scholarly journals High Anti-Corruption Court of Ukraine: the peculiarities of establishment and the first results

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 170-178
Author(s):  
Oleksii Drozd ◽  
Yaroslav Nykytiuk ◽  
Liliia Dorofeieva ◽  
Olha Andriiko ◽  
Serhii Sabluk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
First Results ◽  
High Level

The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of establishment of the High Anti-Corruption Court of Ukraine (HACC) and to consider the first results of its work. Methodology. Thus, the analysis and synthesis method as well as the logical method were used to formulate a holistic view on corruption and its features, as well as the ways, in which it can be manifested. The logical-semantic method was used to establish the meaning of the term “corruption”. The historical method was useful in studying the history of the establishment of the HACC. The comparative method was used when analyzing Ukrainian legal acts, which regulate the issue under consideration, as well as scientific views on the topic. The system and structural method was applied to determine the institutional features of the HACC. The method of systematic analysis made it possible to identify the operational characteristics of this agency. The legal modeling method was helpful in drawing conclusions of the research. The results of the study. The high level of corruption of Ukraine has led to the need to find the ways to counteract it. To that end, the system of bodies of pre-trial investigation and prosecution of high-ranking officials for corruption offenses has been created over the last three years. The establishment of the HACC was the final stage of this reform. Practical implications. Since the international experience in establishing anti-corruption courts is quite controversial, it was found that many scholars are skeptical about the ability of the HACC to reduce corruption in Ukraine. So, the list of arguments for and against the operation of HACC in Ukraine was comprehensively reviewed. Value / originality. As a result of the research, the authors identified both the shortcomings and the benefits of the work of Ukrainian anti-corruption court.

The Time Dimension in Comparative Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-253
Author(s):  
Bernardo Sordi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Time Factor ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
National Borders

This chapter explains that the comparison of legal phenomena has always implied, alongside a synchronic and spatial juxtaposition, a certain relevance of the time factor. Here, the comparative method sought to develop a more complex and multi-faceted interpretation of the law, free from the constraints of national borders and sovereign states. It intended to reveal complexity, and to draw different legal experiences closer together. In so doing, it necessarily embraced the dimension of change and diversity. The comparative method and the historical method are thus rarely seen as antithetical; more often than not, the two approaches are jointly applied in an investigation that seeks to combine the synchronic and diachronic perspectives. The chapter reveals, however, that the dialogue between history and comparison was far from straightforward. At no time was the diachronic perspective pre-eminent, or capable of absorbing and guiding the comparative study. It rather limited itself to playing an essentially secondary, subservient role.

scholarly journals Dialog regionalny między Unią Europejską i Rosją jako instrument rozwoju współpracy dwustronnej

2021 ◽  
pp. 233-250
Author(s):  
Valentina Prudskaya
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Intercultural Interactions ◽  
Administrative Units

International dialogue between regions has a strong influence on the development of political relations, economic integration and intercultural interactions. The European Union and Russia are the closest neighbours. International links between regions and regional integration play an important role in their relations. The aim of the article is to analyse the evolution of relations between the European Union and Russia in 1994–2019 within the regional dialogue as an instrument allowing for creating new opportunities for the development of bilateral cooperation. The following methods were used during the research: institutional and legal analysis, historical method, comparative method, desk research. Regional dialogue has been analysed in terms of legal basis, as well as directions and forms of development of cooperation in this area. It can be concluded that the most common forms of cooperation in the analysed period were the following: cross-border cooperation, between regions without a common border, between administrative units on the basis of partnership, dialogue within Euroregions, and regional cooperation within international projects.

TO THE PROBLEM OF FORMING THE CATEGORIAL AND CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS OF THE COURSE “HISTORY AND METHODOLOGY OF DESIGN DESIGN”

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
N. Aganina ◽  
D. Filonenko D.
Keyword(s):  
Design Theory ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Conceptual Systems ◽  
Concepts And Categories ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Design Culture

The relevance of the study is due to the inevitable obsolescence of fixed concepts and categories of design theory that make up the theoretical foundation of the master's course “History and Methodology of Design”, which is associated with the closeness of the resulting categorical-conceptual systems. The aim of the study is to create a dynamic structure of concepts and design categories that form the categorical-conceptual apparatus of the course. As a methodological basis of the study, a cultural approach is used that allows one to "practically implement a systematic view" on a design that is in the process of constant development and updating. In the course of work, the following research methods are used: problem statement, definition and systematization of concepts and categories, comparative method, historical and cultural analysis. As a result of the study, the authors of the article propose to consider the system of concepts and categories of the course in the form of a “network” formed around the concept of “design culture”, the content of which is revealed using the category of “proektnost”. The proposed structure allows us to preserve the fundamental plurality of interpretations of the concept of design and justify the methodological pluralism of design practice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistance in the Bifidobacterium genus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Mancabelli ◽  
Walter Mancino ◽  
Gabriele Andrea Lugli ◽  
Chiara Argentini ◽  
Giulia Longhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Western World ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (AMC) is one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotic formulations in the Western world. Extensive oral use of this antimicrobial combination influences the gut microbiota. One of the most abundant early colonizers of the human gut microbiota is represented by different taxa of the Bifidobacterium genus, which include many members that are considered to bestow beneficial effects upon their host. In the current study, we investigated the impact of AMC administration on the gut microbiota composition, comparing the gut microbiota of 23 children that had undergone AMC antibiotic therapy to that of 19 children that had not been treated with antibiotics during the preceding six months. Moreover, we evaluated AMC sensitivity by Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test of 261 bifidobacterial strains, including reference strains for the currently recognized 64 bifidobacterial (sub)species, as well as 197 bifidobacterial isolates of human origin. These assessments allowed the identification of four bifidobacterial strains, which exhibit a high level of AMC insensitivity, and which were subjected to genomic and transcriptomic analyses to identify the putative genetic determinants responsible for this AMC insensitivity. Furthermore, we investigated the ecological role of AMC-resistant bifidobacterial strains by in vitro batch-cultures. Importance Based on our results, we observed a drastic reduction in gut microbiota diversity of children treated with antibiotics, also affecting the abundance of Bifidobacterium, a bacterial genus commonly found in the infant gut. MIC experiments revealed that more than 98% of bifidobacterial strains tested were shown to be inhibited by the AMC antibiotic. Isolation of four insensitive strains and sequencing of their genome revealed the identity of possible genes involved in AMC resistance mechanisms. Moreover, gut-simulating in-vitro experiments revealed that one strain, i.e. B. breve PRL2020, is able to persist in the presence of a complex microbiota combined with AMC antibiotic.

scholarly journals Urbanization, Work and Community: The Logic of City Life in the Contemporary World

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen J. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Urban Society ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Composite Pattern ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> I initiate the discussion with a statement about cognitive-cultural capitalism and its concentration in large global cities. This is followed by an argument to the effect that the specificity of the city resides in the manner in which the diverse social phenomena that it contains are brought into a composite pattern of spatial integration. With these preliminaries in mind, I examine the economic structure of the city in cognitive-cultural capitalism, with special reference to the emergence of a new division of labor and the changing configuration of intra-urban production space. This account leads directly to consideration of the restratification of urban society and its effects on neighborhood development and social life. The final section of the paper picks up on the notion of the Common in cognitive-cultural capitalism and offers some speculative remarks regarding the implications of this phenomenon for the economic and social order of cities.</p><p><strong>Methodology/Approach:</strong> Historical and geographical narrative combined with appeals to the theory of political economy.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> Cognitive-cultural capitalism is emerging as a dominant force of social and economic change in the twenty-first century. This trend is also evident in new patterns of urbanization that are emerging on all five continents. These patterns reflect dramatic shifts in the structure of urban production systems and the significant restratification of urban society that has been occurring as a consequence.</p><p><strong>Research Limitation/implication:</strong> The paper is pitched at a high level of conceptual abstraction. Detailed empirical investigation/testing of the main theoretical points outlined in the paper is urgently called for.</p><p><strong>Originality/Value of paper:</strong> The paper offers an overall theoretical synthesis of the interrelationships between cognitive-cultural capitalism and processes of urbanization.</p>

scholarly journals Releasing Dependency on Western Culture in Efforts to Contextualize

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudhy Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Christian Education ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Western World ◽  
Asian Society ◽  
The World

Contextualization in theology is an interesting thing to observe because the development of theology cannot be separated from culture. And nowadays western thoughts greatly influence theology in the world, including in Asia. This is due to the large number of theologians from parts of the western world who pour their main thoughts in books that are made into literature by theologians today in theology and in the world of Christian education. This paper tries to look from a different perspective where Christian theology and education should be based on the culture that has developed in Asian society. It is hoped that the ideas of local theologians will emerge who have influenced the development of theology in Asia. Through the method of studying literature from Asian theologians and observing the phenomena that occur, the writer tries to give the idea that in doing theology and developing Christian education it is necessary to explore Asian local wisdom and release the dependence on Western theology

scholarly journals Releasing Dependency on Western Culture in Efforts to Contextualize Christian Theology and Education in Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Septerianus Waruwu
Keyword(s):  
Christian Education ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Western World ◽  
Asian Society ◽  
The World

Contextualization in theology is an interesting thing to observe because thedevelopment of theology cannot be separated from culture. And nowadays westernthoughts greatly influence theology in the world, including in Asia. This is due tothe large number of theologians from parts of the western world who pour theirmain thoughts in books that are made into literature by theologians today intheology and in the world of Christian education. This paper tries to look from adifferent perspective where Christian theology and education should be based onthe culture that has developed in Asian society. It is hoped that the ideas of localtheologians will emerge who have influenced the development of theology in Asia.Through the method of studying literature from Asian theologians and observingthe phenomena that occur, the writer tries to give the idea that in doing theologyand developing Christian education it is necessary to explore Asian local wisdomand release the dependence on Western theology.

scholarly journals THE EXPRESS WILL OF A PATIENT: TYPOLOGY BY NATURE OF ITS ORIGIN

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Liga Mazure
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Legal Consequences

The patient's express will, in accordance with the nature of its origin, could be categorized into initial and derivative express will. However, the regulatory framework is insufficient in Latvia, considering the significance of these institutes in the civil-law protection of the patient's express will and their specificity of different legal nature.The aim of the research is to carry out the analysis of the patient's express will types according to the nature of origin, to determine regulatory gaps and propose certain solutions for the elimination of the identified gaps. In order to achieve the aim, the following objectives are set: 1) to analyse the patient's express will classification according to various classification criteria; 2) to study legal nature of patient's consent; 3) to assess patient's refusal of a medical treatment and its legal consequences; 4) to analyse withdrawal by a patient as a derivative express will. The following research methods are applied in the paper: semantic method; grammatical method; historical method; comparative method; systemic method; teleological method. Research hypothesis: if all the patient’s express will types based on the nature of origin are regulated in detail, the legal status of a patient in medical treatment legal relations will be improved and stabilized. Literature, regulatory acts and legal practice materials are applied in the research as information resources.The author has developed the principles regarding the patient's express will types based on the nature of origin, which are in accordance with the legal system of Latvia and should be implemented in the regulatory framework, thus improving the civil law protection of patient's express will.

Indonesian Learner Cultural Characteristics and Perception toward Western Culture

Educatio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jalaluddin Jalaluddin ◽  
◽  
Iwan Jazadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Western World ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
International Language ◽  
Shed Light

This paper argues that to have a successful learning of English in Indonesian schools, the consideration of culture should be at the forefront. That is, it is acknowledged that to learn English as a second or foreign language cannot be separated from the target language culture or the western culture. On the other hand, the perspective of English as global or international language allows the integration or use of students’ local cultural background into the teaching materials. To shed light on this critical issue, this study seeks to describe Indonesian learners’ characteristic cultural backgrounds and their perception toward western culture. Relying on a literature study and the first author’s experience and observation, the findings show that Indonesian learners share the culturally embedded characteristics of passivity, shyness, and lack of critical thinking, while perceiving western culture as negative, colonizing, dominating, and threatening. Therefore, it is concluded that English language teaching in Indonesia should integrate students’ local cultures and be prepared and implemented by highly skilled Indonesian teachers and practitioners who are abreast with ELT theories and development at the world level including those from the western world.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document