scholarly journals Features of Experiencing a Spiritual Crisis and Attitudes to Self in Persons with Spinal Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-64
Author(s):  
I.V. Vachkov ◽  
M.A. Odintsova ◽  
O.A. Tristan

The article presents the results of the study of the specifics of spiritual crisis experience and attitudes to Self in persons with spinal injury (N=65) and conventionally healthy respondents (N=63). The characteristics of spiritual crisis most typical of people with spinal injury were: dissatisfaction and loneliness attributed to the past, present, and future; and suffering attributed to the past. The categories of dissatisfaction, loneliness, and suffering were heterogeneous, as reflected in texts produced by people with spinal injuries and healthy people of different sex and age. Groups distinguished by time elapsed since injury did not differ on quantitative signs of spiritual crises but differed qualitatively in their experiences of dissatisfaction, loneliness, and suffering. People who had lived with the injury longer often experienced uselessness, and a lack of contacts, attention, and support; they were disposed to self-flagellation and guilt. Their attitude to Self reflected in the texts of fairy tales. Healthy controls wrote simple fairy tales describing the interaction of the Real Self and Ideal Self. By contrast, people with spinal injuries focused their stories on emotional experiences of their attitude to Self (complicated fairy tales) or finding meaning, accepting oneself and life in all its fullness and variety (complex fairy tale). Counseling people with a spinal injury, one should take into account both gender and age of the injured person and the potential of the fairy tale itself, which becomes a resource in the experiencing of spiritual crisis and in changing attitudes to Self.

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Immanuel Wallerstein

African studies has gone through three well-known phases as a field of study. Up until 1950 or thereabouts, those studying Africa — they were not yet called Africanists — tended to concentrate almost exclusively on the capturing (or recapturing) of a description of Africa eternal: Launcelot the ethnographer in search of a holy grail of the past that was written in the present tense and was undefiled by contact and uncorrupted by civilization. What was once a myth is now a fairy tale and it would be silly to waste time tellling each other the obvious truth that fairy tales are modes of the social control and the education of children.


Author(s):  
Jack Zipes

Two major tendencies in fairy-tale re-creations and collisions have been observed in the past decades. The first tendency is called remaking and re-creating classic tales. The second tendency is referred to as conflicted mosaics, consists of paintings, sculptures, and photographs that draw on an assortment of fairy-tale fragments to evoke a sense of wonder, if not bafflement. This chapter explores the significance of the two tendencies in fairy-tale collisions with a focus on the recent 2012 exhibit Fairy Tales, Monsters, and the Genetic Imagination, held at the Frist Center for the Visual Arts in Nashville, Tennessee. It also comments on the works of many other talented artists who have been experimenting with the fairy tale along the same lines.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 232596711774864
Author(s):  
Rohit Singh ◽  
Amit Bhalla ◽  
Matthew Ockendon ◽  
Stuart Hay

Background: Motocross is a form of motorcycle racing held on established off-road circuits and has been a recreational and competitive sport across the world for >100 years. In the United Kingdom alone, motocross has grown into a phenomenally ambitious and popular franchise. There are >200 motocross clubs across the country, permitting >900 events annually. Purpose: To assess the current trend of spine-related motocross injuries over the past 5 years. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Data were prospectively collected over 5 years (August 2010–August 2015) at our regional trauma and spine unit, regardless of whether the rider was performing the sport competitively or recreationally. Results: During the study period, spine-related injuries were identified for 174 patients (age range, 6-75 years) who were directly referred to our department following recreational or competitive motocross, with most injuries being sustained within the early spring and summer months, representing the start of the motocross season. A significant number of injuries were in males (n = 203, 94%), with the majority of injuries occurring within the 21- to 30-year-old age group. A total of 116 (54%) injuries required operative treatment. The most common spinal injury was thoracolumbar burst fracture (n = 95), followed by chance fractures (n = 26). Conclusion: This data series emphasizes the prevalence and devastation of motocross-related spinal injuries in the United Kingdom and may serve in administering sanctions and guidelines to governing bodies of motocross. The spinal injuries that occur during motocross have significant capital connotations for regional spinal centers. The recent surge in motocross popularity is correlated with the number of injuries, which have increased over the past 5 years by almost 500%.


2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Bayu Dwi Nurwicaksono

Abstrak Kearifan lokal tentang insiden lumpur Lapindo adalah cerita rakyat tentang kejadian di masa lalu yang dapat digunakan sebagai pelajaran pada masa kini dan masa depan, tentang dongeng Candi Tawangalun dan dongeng Emas Ketimun. Terlepas apakah itu sebuah dongeng yang pernah terjadi secara empiris atau hanya realitas-fiksi, kehadirannya dapat digunakan sebagai pijakan untuk memahami peristiwa (bencana) dari perspektif budaya. Wawasan Geo-Budaya dan Geo-Mitologi dalam cerita rakyat Lapindo bisa menjadi alternatif bahan pembelajaran kontekstual berbasis kearifan lokal dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk penutur asing karena kontekstualitas dan substansi nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya sangat menarik. Praktek pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk penutur asing di Australia diketahui bahwa cerita tradisi lisan tapi cerita hanya sebagai pelengkap tradisi lisan sama pentingnya dengan pengetahuan tentang tata bahasa, bahkan dengan pengenalan tradisi lisan cerita, pembelajar BIPA akan mengetahui tentang budaya Indonesia. Kata-kata kunci: cerita rakyat, Geo-Culture, Geo-Mythology, kearifan lokal, BIPA Abstract Local wisdom about Lapindo mudflow incident is the folklore about the events in the past that can be used as a lesson on the present and future, that fairy tales Tawangalun Temple and fairy tale Golden Cucumber. Regardless whether it's a fairy tale ever happened empirically or just reality-fiction, its presence can be used as a foothold for understanding the events (disasters) from the perspective of the present culture. Insights Geo-Culture and Geo-Mythology in Lapindo folklore can be an alternative contextual teaching materials based on local wisdom in learning Indonesian for foreign speakers because contextuality and substance of the values contained in it very interesting. Practice learning Indonesian for foreign speakers in Australia is known that oral tradition story but the story only as a complement to the oral tradition is just as important as knowledge of grammar, even with the introduction of the oral tradition of story, BIPA learners will know the culture of Indonesia.Keywords: folklore, Geo-Culture, Geo-Mythology, local wisdom, BIPA


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Fransiska Jaiman Madu ◽  
Mariana Jediut ◽  
Maria Rahayu Anwar

MELESTARIKAN KEARIFAN LOKAL DAERAH MANGGARAI MELALUI KEGIATAN MENDONGENG PADA ANAK SEKAMI USIA SD DI PAROKI SANTU NIKOLAUS KELURAHAN GOLO DUKAL Abstract: Storytelling is a form of oral tradition as a means of communication and recording the events of life or human civilization of the past. Fairy tales are one of the places to preserve local wisdom. As for the fairy tale here is the fairy tale of the Manggarai area. Manggarai fairy tales were chosen with the aim of introducing various local wisdoms contained in these tales. this activity aims to; 1) introducing various local wisdoms in the Manggarai area to children of primary school age; 2) growing love for various local wisdoms in the Manggarai area; 3) grow and develop children's mental and ability to speak in frontother friends.in its implementation, this activity goes through several stages namely; 1) preparation stage which includes coordination of the service team, contacting partners, determining the schedule of activities, and procuring Manggarai folklore books; 2) the stage of implementation of activities which includes mentoring and training fordevelop the ability of children SEKAMI in knowing tales and storytelling.this activity aims to improve the ability of children SEKAMI in knowing more stories and good ways of storytelling; 3) the final stage includes storytelling and evaluation activities related to the effectiveness of service activities. this activity went well and the objectives of the activity were achieved.  


2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebba H Hansen ◽  
Bjørn E Holstein ◽  
Pernille Due ◽  
Candace E Currie

OBJECTIVE: To examine gender, age, and country variations in adolescents' self-reported medicine use. DESIGN: Cross-sectional school surveys of representative samples of 11- to 15-year-old girls and boys were used. The 1997-1998 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study was referenced. A standardized questionnaire was completed during school hours. SETTING: Canada, US, Greenland, Israel, and 24 European countries. PARTICIPANTS: 123 227 participants equally distributed by gender and by 3 age groups (mean 11.7, 13.6, 15.6 y). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported medicine use for headache, stomachache, difficulties in getting to sleep, and nervousness during the past month. RESULTS: The magnitude of the adolescents' medicine use for headache, stomachache, difficulties in getting to sleep, and nervousness varied substantially across countries. In each of the 28 countries, more girls than boys used medicine for pain. Use of medicine for headache increased by age; use of medicine for stomachache increased by age among girls, but decreased among boys; and use of medicine for difficulties in getting to sleep and nervousness decreased from the age of 11 to 15 years. There was an increase in the crude girl versus boy ratios for medicine use by age for all 4 symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusting for age group and country, revealed the following odds ratios (95% CI) for girls' versus boys' medicine use: headache 1.56 (1.53 to 1.60), stomachache 2.16 (2.10 to 2.22), difficulties in getting to sleep 0.96 (0.91 to 1.00), and nervousness 1.04 (0.99 to 1.08). CONCLUSIONS: Substantial proportions of adolescents used medicine for common health problems. The prevalence of use differed between type of symptom for which the medicine was used, between countries, and between gender and age groups. We suggest that young people's medicine use should be addressed in public health policy.


1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Immanuel Wallerstein

African studies has gone through three well-known phases as a field of study. Up until 1950 or thereabouts, those studying Africa — they were not yet called Africanists — tended to concentrate almost exclusively on the capturing (or recapturing) of a description of Africa eternal: Launcelot the ethnographer in search of a holy grail of the past that was written in the present tense and was undefiled by contact and uncorrupted by civilization. What was once a myth is now a fairy tale and it would be silly to waste time tellling each other the obvious truth that fairy tales are modes of the social control and the education of children.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Ameen

Abstract Background The 2003 liberation/invasion of Iraq and the resulting casualties from civilians and armed forces attracted researchers publishing in high prestigious journals but little mentioned about the events that led to the armed intervention. This paper is assessing the human cost of successive Iraqi governments tyrannical rule in Kurdistan Region of Iraq over three decades.Method The two most recent and reliable census datasets of 1947 and 1957 were used to estimate fertility and survival rates by age group under normal circumstances. These were used in the classical Leslie Matrix to predict 2007 Kurdistan Region of Iraq population. Results were contrasted with estimates for the same year that were obtained by the World Food Programme as part of their Food Security Analysis for Iraq to arrive at estimates that would indicate the scale of the loss in human capital from Saddam’s tyranny that was imposed on the region. Findings Kurdistan Region has lost around 1,911,479 of which 1,043,549 were male and 867,930 female of different age groups. These include direct victims of the past genocide actions of successive Iraqi governments as well as those who thought refuge beyond the boundaries of Kurdistan Region during the past decades. Interpretation Saddam’s actions were directed to all indigenous inhabitants irrespective of gender and age. As such, any possible offspring, had life continued as normal, is counted as human loss. Impacts of changes in demography, socio-political and the environment of Saddam’s tyrannical rule are worth further investigation.Funding None


Author(s):  
Shylova Galina Petrоvna

Developmental specifics of beauty sense in ontogenesis are analyzed in the article. It is demonstrated that mature formation of beauty sense and aesthetic activity relates to early adolescence. Ability to individual aspects of aesthetic activity can be noted on earlier stages of ontogenesis (A.V. Zaporozhets, Z.N. Novlianskaja, N.V. Papucha and others). However attitude to beauty is not realized clearly at the moment. Aesthetic activity in the strictly proper sense of the term can be analyzed when image dynamics shifts from encompassing involuntary changes of ideal images to free image management as well as realization of both freedom and contemplation in order to transform it according to “beauty principles”. Aesthetics exists exceptionally in the individual form of development. Therefore mature forms of aesthetic activity (perception or creation of aesthetic products) can be manifested at earlier ontogeny stages, for example, among artistically gifted children. It is demonstrated that behavioral acts of perception of an artistic work, while being visually similar, are phenomena of different psychological nature for different age groups (for example, infants, preschoolers, younger school children, teenagers). Features of fairy-tales and lullabies perception in early ontogenesis are analysed. Perception of fairy-tales in early ontogenesis originally emerges as external, unfolded activity and supposes participation in events which are directly perceived and experienced. Further on this basis similar activity acquires internal nature of assistance, empathy to fairy-tale characters and becomes true in the domain of imagination (A.V. Zaporozhets). Providing help to a fairy-tale character, a child places him/herself into the situation and further operates within its internal logic.


Author(s):  
Elena Poleva ◽  
Oksana Velichko

Введение. Повышенная интертекстуальность романов современного писателя-модерниста Лены Элтанг многократно подмечалась критиками и исследователями. Обращение к интертексту (как к литературным произведениям, так к мифам и фольклору) повышает сематическую плотность повествования, помогает Элтанг раскрыть специфику сознания персонажей, осознающих себя параллельно существующими в социальной реальности и в культуре/текстах. Цель – выявить семантику и функции сказочного интертекста в модернистском романе Лены Элтанг «Каменные клены». Материал и методы. Применен интертекстуальный и мотивный анализ с опорой на работы И. Смирнова, М. Гаспарова, Б. Гаспарова, И. Паперно. Также теоретической базой являются труды фольклористов и психологов, посвященные изучению мотивной структуры фольклорных сказок о девушке-сироте, сюжета инициации (Е. Н. Елеонская, О. М. Фрейденберг, Р. Ефимкина и др.). Материал исследования – роман Лены Элтанг «Каменные клены» (сюжетная линия центральной героини Саши Сонли). Результаты и обсуждение. Анализ романа позволил установить соответствие сюжетной логики романа мотивной структуре сказки, иллюстрирующей этапы инициации. Но, во-первых, в отличие от не знающей психологизма и рефлексивного героя сказки, роман Элтанг представляет собой прозу «потока сознания», ориентированную на раскрытие внутреннего мира человека. Во-вторых, сложная, по сравнению со сказкой, субъектная организация романного текста позволила Элтанг в сюжетных линиях разных героев выстроить аллюзии на сказки разных подтипов (о женской и мужской инициации, заколдованном царстве). Несмотря на индивидуальные усилия Саши Сонли не иметь сходства с падчерицей из сказки, ее судьба выстраивается в соответствии с фольклорным инвариантом сюжета о девушке-сироте (в чем проявляется авторская, надперсонажная воля): смерть матери, утрата дочерью защиты отца; противостояние падчерицы мачехе; соперничество сводных сестер; победа падчерицы благодаря волшебному средству (материнскому оберегу), который способствует и поиску жениха. Функции материнского оберега в романе выполняет Травник – «тайная тетрадка», соединяющая дневник и свод рецептов народной медицины. Он воспринимается Сашей как канал связи с умершей матерью, играет ключевую роль в поиске суженого. В духе модернизма, опирающегося в равной степени и на достижения психоанализа, и на культурные архаичные модели, сюжет инициации героев в романе фабульно выстраивается в соответствии с фольклорной сказкой, но этой внешнесобытийной канве сопутствует внутренний сюжет психологически сложного проживания героями запоздалого взросления, расставания с чувствами вины перед родителями и обиды на них, расставания с прошлым ради будущего. Заключение. Посредством сказочного интертекста Элтанг встраивает индивидуальную жизнь героев в хронотоп большой культуры. Частная жизнь героев ценна уникальностью переживаний, но событийно она повторяет вечные сюжеты.Introduction. The importance of the poetics of intertextuality in the novels of the modernist writer Lena Eltang has been repeatedly emphasized by critics and researchers. The appeal to the intertext increases the semantic density of the narrative, serves to convey the specifics of the consciousness of Eltang characters that exist in parallel in the realities of social relations and culture/texts. Material and methods. Intertextual and motivational analysis based on the works of I. Smirnov, M. Gasparov, B. Gasparov, and I. Paperno was applied. Also, the theoretical basis of the research is the works of folklorists and psychologists devoted to the motivational structure of folklore tales about an orphan girl, the plot of initiation (O. M. Freudenberg, E. N. Eleonskaya, R. Efimkin, etc.). The research material is Lena Eltang’s novel “Stone maples”. The purpose of the work is to identify the semantics and functions of the fairy-tale intertext in Lena Eltang’s modernist novel “Stone maples”. Results and discussion. The analysis of the novel allowed us to establish the correspondence of the plot logic of the novel to the motivational structure of the magic and literary fairy tale illustrating the stages of initiation. But, firstly, unlike a fairy tale, the Eltang novel is a prose of a “stream of consciousness”, focused on the disclosure of the inner world of a person. Secondly, the complex subject organization of the novel text, compared to the fairy tale, allowed Eltang to build allusions to fairy tales of different subtypes (about female and male initiation) in the storylines of different characters. The main character of the novel Sasha Sonley is building an association of his life with a fairy tale. In its storyline, it is important not only to match the archetypal plot, but also to try to change it. Despite individual efforts, the fate of the central heroine is built in accordance with a fabulous invariant about an orphan girl (in which the author’s, supra-personal will is manifested): mother’s death, loss of father’s protection; con frontation to stepmother; rivalry with stepsister; victory of the stepdaughter thanks to a magical means (maternal amulet), which also contributes to the search for the groom. The function of the mother’s talisman in the novel is performed by Travnik – “secret notebook”, which combines the diary and the set of recipes for traditional medicine. It is perceived as a channel of communication with the deceased mother, plays a key role in finding the intended. Conclusion. Despite efforts to “rewrite” the fairy-tale narrative, Sasha is forced to go through the entire archetypal plot of initiation before rebirth, restoration of harmony. In the spirit of modernism, based equally on the achievement of psychoanalysis and cultural archaic model, the plot of initiation of the heroes of the fable is built in accordance with a folk tale, but this outwardly-event outline corresponds to the inner story is psychologically complex living of its late maturity, separation from feelings of guilt towards parents and resentment toward them, parting with the past for the future.


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