Self-rated health status and lifestyle factors: A cross-sectional study of human and natural science educators

Background: Self-rated health status is a subjective indicator that is based on the body’s perception of health status, covering personal components such as, physical aspects, aspects of general well-being and satisfaction with life. Objective: To analyze the self-rated health status and factors associated with the lifestyle of higher education educators. Material and methods: This is an observational study, consisting of 85 faculty members in the area of Human and Natural Sciences of a university. For the analysis of the sample, chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used. Results: 24.7% (n = 21) self-rated their health as regular/poor. (P = 0.022), the Waist/Stature ratio (p = 0.014), the level of physical activity (p = 0.050), the time in administrative positions (p = 0.026) and stress-related symptoms (p = 0.043). Conclusion: The time in administrative position and the large number of symptoms related to stress, high PW, inadequate W/S ratio and low level of physical activity were associated with negative self-rated health, recommending strategies for promotional health and prevention of stress-related diseases.

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Relationship between self-rated health status and physical activity in obese South Indian patients

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20192238 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 780

Author(s):

Virgin Joena ◽

Ananda Xavier Pragasam

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Equal Proportion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

South Indian ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Background: Regular physical activity can improve people's overall health and reduce various risks for morbidity and mortality due to a sedentary lifestyle. Although the evidence linking obesity with many chronic diseases is well established, the relationship with self-rated health is not clear. The study aimed to assess the relationship between physical activity and self-rated health and how it is related to obesity.Methods: The cross-sectional study included 132 individuals above18 years, of both genders, with BMI above 25kg/m2. Data was collected using a structured proforma which included apart from demographic parameters, anthropometry parameters, self-reported physical activity, health status and stress levels of the subjects. Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test was used to assess the association between BMI, physical activity and self-rated health.Results: A total of 132 subjects were included with a mean age of 48.44±11.23 years, with an almost equal proportion of males and females. The mean of BMI was 29.54±3.99. Most of them reported having normal physical activity (61.36%) with only 3% of them having high physical activity. The self-rated health of the subjects revealed 45.45% of them is having fair health and 43.18% of them having poor health. The mean a number of hours spent by sitting/sedentary activity in a week were 32.32±21.09.Conclusions: The study findings revealed that the irrespective of the degree of physical activity both overweight and obese subjects rated their health fair to poor.

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Physical Activity, Diet Compliance with Diabetic Ulcer Incidence in Hospital Makassar City

Journal of sciences and health ◽

10.54619/jsh.v1i1.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 36-43

Author(s):

Nur Yazlim ◽

Nur Juliana ◽

Elna Sari ◽

Rasniah Sarumi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dietary Compliance ◽

Diabetic Ulcer ◽

Exact Test ◽

Diabetic Ulcers ◽

Diet Compliance

Baground: Diabetic foot ulcers are a chronic complication of diabetes in the form of open wounds on the skin surface The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers in Indonesia is around 13% of patients treated in hospitals and 26% of outpatients. The aimed was to determine relationship between physical activity, dietary compliance with the incidence of diabetic ulcers in Hospital Makassar City. Methods: This type of research used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional study design. Research were taken by accidental sampling and obtained 78 respondents. Data collection is done by filling out questionnaires. The data were analyzed by chi square fisher's exact test. Results: The results showed that the age of the with the highest incidence of diabetic ulcers was between 45-60 years was (57,7%) and the lowest was >60 years (42,3%), Women were susceptible to the incidence of diabetic ulcers (62,8%), the highest level of education was high school, namely 50% and the lowest was elementary school ( 1,3%) and employment is dominated by private employees (26,9%) and the lowest is civil servants (11,5%). From 46 respondents with less physical activity (71,8%) rexperienced the incidence of diabetic ulcers, while from 32 respondents in the moderate category (28,2%) experienced diabetic ulcers, p value = 0,019. From 42 respondents in the dietary compliance category, there were (71,8%) experiencing the incidence of diabetic ulcers, from 11 respondents in the diet-adhering category there were (28,2%) experiencing the incidence of diabetic ulcers, obtained a p value of 0,001. Conclusion: There are a significant relationship between physical activity, dietary compliance with the incidence of diabetic ulcers in Hospital Makassar City. Keywords: Diabetic ulcer, physical activity, diet compliance Abstrak Pendahuluan: Luka kaki diabetik adalah komplikasi kronik diabetes berupa luka terbuka pada permukaan kulit. Prevalensi terjadinya luka kaki diabetes di Indonesia sekitar 13% penderta dirawat di Rumah Sakit dan 26% penderita rawat jalan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan diet terhadap kejadian ulkus diabetik di RSUD Kota Makassar. Metode: Jenis penelitian menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Responden penelitian diambil dengan accidental sampling dan didapat 78 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuisioner. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan chi square fisher's exact test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia responden dengan kejadian ulkus diabetik tertinggi antara 45-60 tahun (57,7%) dan terendah >60 tahun (42,3%), berdasarkan jenies kelamin wanita rentan terhadap kejadian ulkus diabetik (62,8%), tingkat pendidikan terbanyak SMA yaitu 50% dan terendah SD (1,3%), pekerjaan didominasi oleh pegawai swasta (26,9%) dan terendah PNS (11,5%). Dari 46 responden dengan aktivitas fisik kurang terdapat (71,8%) responden mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik sedangkan dari 32 responden dengan kategori cukup (28,2%) mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik nilai p value = 0,019. Dari 42 responden dengan kategori kepatuhan diet, terdapat (71,8%) mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik sedangkan dari 11 responden dengan kategori patuh diet terdapat (28,2%) mengalami mengalami kejadian ulkus diabetik, diperoleh nilai p 0,001 Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan diet dengan kejadian ulkus diabeti RSUD Kota Makassar. Kata kunci: Ulkus diabetik, aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan diet

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Social, clinical and psychometric factors affecting self-rated oral health, self-rated health and well-being in elders

10.21203/rs.2.11180/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Popie Damaskinos ◽

Haritini Koletsi-Kounari ◽

Eleni Mamai-Homata ◽

William Papaioannou

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Household Income ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Education Level ◽

Binary Outcomes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Self Rated Health

Abstract Background The study aims to explore the social influences, gradients and predictors of self-rated oral health (SROH) and self-rated health (SRH) and well-being in Greek elders. Methods Cross-sectional study, of elderly men and women, aged 65 years and over (N=743), in two municipalities in Greece. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed for dentate and edentulous participants. For the association between socioeconomic exposures and binary outcomes, logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR, 5% CI); levels of association and Cramer’s V were applied to calculate associations and p-values. Results Household income, education level and last main occupation were predictors and determinants of both SROH and self-rated health (SRH). All objective socioeconomic measures (income, education and occupation) and subjective social status (SSS) were predictors of SROH and SRH; however, the objective socioeconomic measures were not predictors of satisfaction with life (SWL). SSS was statistically significant for SROH, SRH and SWL, p<0.01. Conclusions Gender, municipality, long-standing illness, SSS and loneliness were predictors of SWL in the examined dentate population. For SROH and SRH, the results showed that household income less than 800 euros per month, education level, occupation and SSS were significant predictors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of subjective and objective socioeconomic measures and find inequalities in both oral and general health and in the gradient of SROH among elderly adults in Greece.

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Characteristics of those most vulnerable to employment changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationally representative cross-sectional study in Wales

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2020-216030 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jech-2020-216030

Author(s):

Benjamin J Gray ◽

Richard G Kyle ◽

Jiao Song ◽

Alisha R Davies

Keyword(s):

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Household Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

Employment Outcomes ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Response ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

The Impact

BackgroundThe public health response to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a detrimental impact on employment and there are concerns the impact may be greatest among the most vulnerable. We examined the characteristics of those who experienced changes in employment status during the early months of the pandemic.MethodsData were collected from a cross-sectional, nationally representative household survey of the working age population (18–64 years) in Wales in May/June 2020 (n=1379). We looked at changes in employment and being placed on furlough since February 2020 across demographics, contract type, job skill level, health status and household factors. χ2 or Fisher’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression models examined associations between demographics, subgroups and employment outcomes.ResultsOf our respondents, 91.0% remained in the same job in May/June 2020 as they were in February 2020, 5.7% were now in a new job and 3.3% experienced unemployment. In addition, 24% of our respondents reported being placed on furlough. Non-permanent contract types, individuals who reported low mental well-being and household financial difficulties were all significant factors in experiencing unemployment. Being placed on ‘furlough’ was more likely in younger (18–29 years) and older (60–64 years) workers, those in lower skilled jobs and from households with less financial security.ConclusionA number of vulnerable population groups were observed to experience detrimental employment outcomes during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted support is needed to mitigate against both the direct impacts on employment, and indirect impacts on financial insecurity and health.

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Health and nutrition literacy in adults: Links with lifestyle factors and obesity

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.3233/mnm-200471 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 361-370

Author(s):

Maria Michou ◽

Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽

Christos Lionis ◽

Vassiliki Costarelli

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND: Low Health Literacy (HL) and Nutrition Literacy (NL) are associated with serious negative health outcomes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate certain lifestyle factors and obesity, in relation to HL and NL. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban area of the Attica region, in Greece. The sample consisted of 1281 individuals, aged ≥18 years. HL, NL sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption,) were assessed. Mann-Whitney U, the Kruskall Wallis, Pearson chi-square tests and multiple linear regression models were used. RESULTS: Linear regression analysis has shown that smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity, were associated with HL levels (–1.573 points for ex-smokers in comparison to smokers, p = 0.035, –1.349 points for alcohol consumers in comparison to non-consumers, p = 0.006 and 1.544 points for physically active individuals to non-active, p = 0.001). With respect to NL levels, it was also not associated with any of these factors. Obesity was not associated with HL and NL levels. CONCLUSIONS: Certain lifestyle factors, including physical activity, are predicting factors of HL levels, in Greek adults. The results contribute to the understanding of the relationship between lifestyle factors and HL and should be taken into account when HL policies are designed.

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The effect of self-rated health, subjective socioeconomic status, social capital, and physical activity on life satisfaction: a cross-sectional study in urban western Iran

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10261-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nader Rajabi Gilan ◽

Mehdi khezeli ◽

Shirin Zardoshtian

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Capital ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

College Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Subjective Socioeconomic Status ◽

Self Rated Health

Abstract Background Life satisfaction is an important component in designing strategies to improve health outcomes in different groups of society. This study aimed to investigate the effect of subjective socioeconomic status (SSS), social capital (SC), self-rated health (SRH), and physical activity (PA) on life satisfaction (LS) in Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1187 people (643 men and 544 women) lived in five western cities in Iran. The sampling method was multistage clustering. Data collection tool was a five part questionnaire including demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status ladder, social capital scale, a question to measure physical activity, and the life satisfaction scale. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one way ANOVA, and Ordinal Logistic Regression. Result Life satisfaction was higher in married men and women compared to single and widows (p < 0.05). Among the variables included in the main model, the significant predictors were college education (− 0.500), marriage (coefficient = 0.422), age 25–34 years (coefficient = − 0.384), SRH (coefficient = 0.477), male sex (coefficient = 0.425), SSS (coefficient = 0.373), trust (coefficient = 0.115), and belonging and empathy (coefficient = 0.064). Conclusion SRH and SSS were significant predictors of life satisfaction in west Iranian society. Being married was associated with higher LS, but college education affects LS adversely.

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Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing ◽

10.1177/00469580211007264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 004695802110072

Author(s):

Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽

Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽

Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽

Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽

Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Daily Living ◽

Female Gender ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

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A year of hepatocellular carcinoma at a glance. Demographics, biochemical and radiological characteristics and treatment modalities from a specialized facility of Pakistan

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.826 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Laima Alam

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Tumour Staging ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Team Meetings ◽

Contrast Enhanced Ct

Objectives:Relation of demographics of hepatocellular-carcinoma with the aetiology.Tumour characteristics in relation to anti-viral therapy and presence of viral-DNA/RNATreatment modalities offeredMethods: This cross-sectional study enrolled all the patients aged 18-70 years with diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma either through Triphasic Contrast-Enhanced-CT scan and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging or biopsy presenting to the Outpatient-Department or multi-disciplinary-team meetings for the year 2019. Demographic variables, biochemical analysis including liver profile and stage of cirrhosis, viral-status, tumour staging and the treatment modalities offered were all noted. ANOVA (normal) and Kruskal-Wallis (non-normal) tests were used to compare quantitative data whereas chi-square-test and fisher-exact-test were used to compare qualitative-data.Results: Out of 195 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 76% were males in their fifth to sixth decades of life, 96% had cirrhosis, 94% corresponded to viral hepatocellular-carcinoma (82% Hepatitis-C-Virus, 9% Hepatitis-B-Virus and 3% coinfection), 60% of the cirrhotics landed in Child-Pugh A category with tumour staging BCLC-B being the predominant one (43.6%) and single and multiple bilateral nodules were the commonest lesions encountered. Platelets and Alanine-Transaminase had a significant relation across aetiological groups. Lymph-nodes were the most common extra-hepatic organs for metastasis and the presence of viral PCR had a significant impact on the tumour aggressiveness. Thirty-two percent of the patients were amenable to curative treatment.Conclusion: Viral infection is the main cause of rising prevalence of this tumour in Pakistan. Treatment modalities are expensive and expertise are lacking. A nationwide cancer registry is required for the exact disease burden and tumour behaviour for our population. Continuous....

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Association between Food Intake and Overweight in Children Assisted by Primary Care

The Open Nursing Journal ◽

10.2174/1874434602115010305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 305-312

Author(s):

Erivelton Sousa Lima ◽

Amanda de Castro Amorim Serpa Brandão ◽

Antonio Luiz Gomes Junior ◽

Luana kelle Batista Moura ◽

Gerardo Vasconcelos Mesquita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Food Intake ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Food Groups ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: The child feed in the first two years of life is of fundamental importance for a healthy growth and development. Aims: To verify the association between food consumption indicators and overweight in children under the age of two, followed up by primary care health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 children assisted by primary care. A structured questionnaire was used with questions on sociodemographic data of mothers or guardians and food intake and anthropometric data of children. The analysis of the association between excess weight and food intake indicators was performed using the Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher’s exact test (f ˂ 5). Results: Regarding food intake in children under 6 months of age, 35.1% of the children were exclusively breastfed. Among children at the age of 6 to 23 months: 66.3% were on continued breastfeeding; 16.7% consumed adequate foods at the age of 6 to 8 months; 90.4% consumed foods that belonged to the six food groups; 76.3% consumed food at the minimum frequency and with adequate consistency; 88.9% consumed iron-rich and vitamin A-rich foods, and 59.3% consumed ultra-processed foods. Regarding nutritional status, 24.5% of the children were overweight. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between overweight and food consumption indicators among the surveyed children. However, exclusive breastfeeding was below the recommended level, a low percentage of the introduction of complementary foods at the appropriate age and high consumption of ultra-processed foods reveal the need to improve the assistance provided by primary care to this group.

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Prevalence of Internet Addiction and Its Relationship With Combinations of Physical Activity and Screen-Based Sedentary Behavior Among Adolescents in China

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2020-0512 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Gengyu Han ◽

Jingshu Zhang ◽

Shang Ma ◽

Ruoran Lu ◽

Jiali Duan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mixed Effects ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Other Information ◽

Chi Square Test

Background: Given the widespread prevalence and serious nature of Internet addiction (IA), this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of IA and assess the relationships between IA and combinations of physical activity (PA) and screen-based sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents in China. Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed 31,954 adolescents in grades 7 to 12 in Beijing. IA, PA, screen-based SB, and other information were obtained from a self-administrated questionnaire. The chi-square test and mixed-effects logistic regression model were applied to estimate the relationship between IA and combinations of PA and screen-based SB. Results: 6.2% of the surveyed adolescents reported IA and the prevalence of low PA/high screen-based SB, high PA/high screen-based SB, low PA/low screen-based SB, and high PA/low screen-based SB were 53.7%, 19.5%, 18.8%, and 8.0%, respectively. Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with low PA/high screen-based SB were 1.99 (95% confidence interval, 1.62–2.44, P < .001) times more likely to prefer IA than those with high PA/low screen-based SB. Conclusions: The prevalence of IA among Chinese adolescents is still high. Intervention programs like maintaining sufficient PA and reducing screen-based SB might contribute to reducing their IA.

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