Presence of Oral Bacterial Species in Primary Endodontic Infections of Primary Teeth

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Topcuoglu ◽  
E Bozdoğan ◽  
O Aktoren ◽  
G Kulekci
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Microarray Technology ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Endodontic Infections ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Objective: Knowledge of the microbial composition of deciduous endodontic infections is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of the 10 oral bacterial species in samples from primary tooth root canals by using microarray technology and to determine the association of these organisms with clinical conditions. Study Design: The samples were collected from 30 root canals of primary teeth with primer infection. The bacterial composition of the samples was semi-quantitatively defined using a microarray system (Parocheck®). Results: All the tested species were detected in the samples. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the most frequently isolated bacterium (96.7%), followed by Prevotella intermedia (86.7%), Parvimonas micra (83.3%), Treponema denticola (76.7%) and Tannerella forsythia (66.7%). These bacteria were also present in high levels. All pairs of bacterial species were positively associated (RR≯1), except P.intermedia and P.micra. On average, five species (range:3-8) were detected per amplified sample. Root canals of teeth with ≯5 different species were statistically associated with periapical radiolucency (P=0.049). Conclusions: Primary teeth with endodontic infections show a highly diverse variety of bacteria, in which the most prevalent specie are present in high proportions. The well-directed use of the improved microarray technology will provide additional valuable information for causative factors associated with endodontic diseases, helping to develop more successful antibacterial or anti-inflammatory treatment strategies.

Pediatric Obturating Materials And Techniques

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Shrirang Sevekar ◽  
Poonam Shingare ◽  
Vivek Jogani ◽  
Mihir Jha ◽  
Sonal D. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pulp Therapy ◽  
Hermetic Seal

Abstract Pulp therapy helps in preserving a pulpally involved primary tooth by eliminating bacteria and their products and ensures hermetic seal of the root canals so that the primary tooth can complete its function without harming the successor or affecting the health of the patient. A thorough understanding of the pulp morphology and root formation and resorption in primary teeth as well as different materials and techniques used is imperative for a successful pulp therapy. One of the major areas of continued research is in the area of finding obturating materials to suit the specific properties of these teeth. This article seeks to present a review of the major obturating materials and techniques with their modifications as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals Microbiological Analysis of Primary Infected Root Canals with Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis of Young Permanent Teeth

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Jelena Marinković ◽  
Tatjana Marković ◽  
Snežana Brkić ◽  
Milena Radunović ◽  
Ivan Soldatović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Facultative Anaerobes ◽  
Infected Root

SummaryBackground/Aim: Understanding the composition of bacteria in infected root canals is important for ameliorating the treatment strategies that lead to the elimination of pathogens and infection control, but also prevent reinfection. Aim of this study was to investigate microbial composition of primary infected root canals with apical periodontitis of young permanent teeth, originating form school children in Serbia, and its association with clinical symptoms.Material and Methods: To determine the bacterial composition of infected root canals in children, 35 endodontic samples were obtained. The identification of cultured bacteria was performed by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. The presence or absence of clinical symtoms were recorded.Results: Facultative anaerobes were 2,2 times more frequent than obligate anaerobes. The most common facultative anaerobes belonged to following genera, Streptococcus (58 isolates), Actinomyces (10) and Enterococcus (8), while predominant obligate anaerobes, belonged to genera Veillonella (15), Prevotella (9) and Fusobacterium (8). The most common clinical isolates recovered from infected root canals with symptomatic apical periodontitis were Veillonella parvula (10) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (7), while from the asymptomatic ones, they were Streptococcus mitis/Streptococcus oralis (5). Prevalence of Parvimonas micra, Prevotella buccae and Streptococcus constellatus within the root canals might be associated to clinical symptoms.Conclusions: Species of genera Streptococcus and Veillonella were the most common isolates from primary infected root canals with apical periodontitis in Serbian school children. Facultative anaerobes were predominant over obligate anaerobes. The prevalence of obligate anaerobes was much higher in symptomatic compared to asymptomatic root canal infections. No specific bacterial strain might be associated to a single examined clinical symptom (pain, tenderness to percussion or swelling), but majority of the strains are associated to all of the examined three symptoms.

Microbiological Aspects of Naturally Occurring Primary Endodontic Infections in Dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Špela Srečnik ◽  
Irena Zdovc ◽  
Urška Javoršek ◽  
Tina Pirš ◽  
Zlatko Pavlica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Endodontic Infections ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Endodontic Disease ◽  
Microbiological Aspects

Dental fractures are common in dogs, but data on microbiology of naturally occurring primary endodontic infections, and their relation to clinical and radiographic signs, are lacking. Samples were obtained from root canals of 32 periodontally healthy fractured teeth under aseptic conditions and immediately cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Cultures were further identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, time of flight technology. Sixty-one bacteria (30 bacterial species) were isolated from root canals; 54% were Gram-negative bacteria, 53% were facultative anaerobic, and 42% were anaerobic bacteria. Number of bacterial species in the root canals declined with the duration of fractures over 12 months. No statistically significant association was found between the number of bacterial species involved in the root canal infection and any of the clinical or radiographic signs of endodontic disease. Naturally occurring primary endodontic infections in dogs appear to be polymicrobial and involve only a selected number of opportunistic pathogen species.

Identification of Cultivable Microorganisms from Primary Teeth with Necrotic Pulps

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gildardo Ledezma-Rasillo ◽  
Hector Flores-Reyes ◽  
Ana Ma. Gonzalez-Amaro ◽  
Arturo Garrocho-Rangel ◽  
Ma. del Socorro Ruiz-Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Sinus Tract ◽  
Operative Field ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Clostridium Spp

The objective of this study was to identify cultivable microorganisms from primary teeth with necrotic pulps. This experimental study included 21 patients of both sexes between 4 and 7 years of age with necrotic pulps in primary teeth. Twenty-one maxillary and mandibular molars containing at least 1 necrotic canal, an abscess or sinus tract, one or more radiolucent areas in the furcation or periapical region, teeth having at least two thirds of root length, and carious lesions directly exposed to the oral environment were included. After antisepsis of the oral cavity, anesthesia of the affected tooth, and isolation and disinfection of the operative field, 3 sterile absorbent paper points were sequentially placed for 30 seconds for the collection of samples. The samples were immediately processed in an anaerobic chamber, and all isolated microorganisms were identified. Anaerobic species (anaerobic facultative and moderate anaerobes) were isolated in all root canals; 68.4% of root canal samples studied showed a polymicrobial nature. Most of the isolate consisted of Bifidobacterium Spp2 and Streptococcus intermedius. Other less frequently encountered species were Actinomyces israelii, Bifidobacterium spp 1, Clostridium spp, and Candida albicans. Results indicate the existence of combinations of bacterial species in root canal infections of the primary dentition with necrotic pulps, anaerobic bacteria predominating.

scholarly journals How Do Polymer Coatings Affect the Growth and Bacterial Population of a Biofilm Formed by Total Human Salivary Bacteria?—A Study by 16S-RNA Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Ahmad ◽  
Kira Wollensak ◽  
Sibylle Rau ◽  
Diana Lorena Guevara Solarte ◽  
Stefan Paschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Oral Implants ◽  
16S Rna

Antimicrobial surface modifications are required to prevent biomaterial-associated biofilm infections, which are also a major concern for oral implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three different coatings on the biofilm formed by human saliva. Biofilms grown from human saliva on three different bioactive poly(oxanorbornene)-based polymer coatings (the protein-repellent PSB: poly(oxanorbornene)-based poly(sulfobetaine), the protein-repellent and antimicrobial PZI: poly(carboxyzwitterion), and the mildly antimicrobial and protein-adhesive SMAMP: synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides) were analyzed and compared with the microbial composition of saliva, biofilms grown on uncoated substrates, and biofilms grown in the presence of chlorhexidine digluconate. It was found that the polymer coatings significantly reduced the amount of adherent bacteria and strongly altered the microbial composition, as analyzed by 16S RNA sequencing. This may hold relevance for maintaining oral health and the outcome of oral implants due to the existing synergism between the host and the oral microbiome. Especially the reduction of some bacterial species that are associated with poor oral health such as Tannerella forsythia and Fusobacterium nucleatum (observed for PSB and SMAMP), and Prevotella denticola (observed for all coatings) may positively modulate the oral biofilm, including in situ.

scholarly journals Pathogenic Bacterial Species Associated with Endodontic Infection Evade Innate Immune Control by Disabling Neutrophils

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 4068-4079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aritsune Matsui ◽  
Jun-O Jin ◽  
Christopher D. Johnston ◽  
Hajime Yamazaki ◽  
Yael Houri-Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Endodontic Infection ◽  
Parvimonas Micra ◽  
Endodontic Infections

ABSTRACTEndodontic infections, in which oral bacteria access the tooth pulp chamber, are common and do not resolve once established. To investigate the effects of these infections on the innate immune response, we established a mouse subcutaneous chamber model, where a mixture of four oral pathogens commonly associated with these infections (endodontic pathogens [EP]), i.e.,Fusobacterium nucleatum,Streptococcus intermedius,Parvimonas micra, andPrevotella intermedia, was inoculated into subcutaneously implanted titanium chambers. Cells that infiltrated the chamber after these infections were primarily neutrophils; however, these neutrophils were unable to control the infection. Infection with a nonpathogenic oral bacterial species,Streptococcus mitis, resulted in well-controlled infection, with bacterial numbers reduced by 4 to 5 log units after 7 days. Propidium iodide (PI) staining of the chamber neutrophils identified three distinct populations: neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were intermediate in PI staining, while cells in chambers from mice infected withS. mitiswere PI positive (apoptotic) or negative (live). Strikingly, neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were severely impaired in their ability to phagocytose and to generate reactive oxygen speciesin vitroafter removal from the chamber compared to cells fromS. mitis-infected chambers. The mechanism of neutrophil impairment was necrotic cell death as determined by morphological analyses.P. intermediaalone could induce a similar neutrophil phenotype. We conclude that the endodontic pathogens, particularlyP. intermedia, can efficiently disable and kill infiltrating neutrophils, allowing these infections to become established. These results can help explain the persistence of endodontic infections and demonstrate a new virulence mechanism associated withP. intermedia.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine containing points against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Parvimonas micra

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 434-439
Author(s):  
Andreas Rathke ◽  
Dominik Meisohle ◽  
Jens Bokelmann ◽  
Bernd Haller
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Anaerobic Incubation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Parvimonas Micra ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACTObjective: Up to 90% of the flora of an infected root canal consists of obligate anaerobic bacteria. However, most studies have centred on microaerophiles. This quantitative assay investigated the antibacterial effects against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Parvimonas micra of gutta-percha (GP) points containing either calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) or chlorhexidine (CHX) compared to those of conventional GP points.Methods: Standardized root canals were prepared in 192 bovine incisors. The canals were sterilized and then inoculated with one of two bacterial species (n=96 teeth per bacterium). After anaerobic incubation at 37ºC, the inoculum was removed and the canals were filled with one of the three points. Control teeth were filled with a saline/serum mixture. After 0, 1, 4 and 8 days of anaerobic incubation, the numbers of viable bacteria (CFU/ml) were determined on both the points and the canal wall dentin. Six replicates were carried out for each experiment.Results: None of the points completely eradicated the bacteria in the canal. GP+CHX was significantly more effective than GP+Ca(OH)2 and GP (P<.05 in each case). The inhibitory effect of GP+Ca(OH)2 did not significantly differ from that of GP (P>.05). Compared to the controls, the antibacterial effect of the medicated points was reached initially.Conclusion: Within the limitations of the in vitro model, the incorporation of commonly used medicaments in GP does not offer a long-lasting antibacterial advantage over non-medicated GP. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:434-439)

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SOME HIGH RISK BACTERIAL SPECIES IN THE ORAL MICROBIOME OF HNSCC PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 192-194
Author(s):  
Valentina Stratan ◽  
◽  
Valeri Tutuianu ◽  
Victor Sitnic ◽  
Cristina Popa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Time Amplification ◽  
Clinical Conditions

In this study we evaluated the composition of seven high risk periodontitis species of microorganisms in the oral microbiome of patients with different forms of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The laboratory analyses were performed using the method of quantitative real-time amplification (qPCR) of 26 saliva and mouth swab samples collected from HNSCC patients. Laboratory data regarding the normal or pathological presence of studied species were integrated with patients clinical conditions and some lifestyle factors. The results show that the highest frequency of pathological concentration is in the case of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Tannerella forsythia, while the lowest frequency is observed for microorganisms Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Treponema denticola.

The role of intracanal medicaments in inhibition of bacteria isolated from root canals of infected primary molars

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Dr. Maha Abdul- Kareem Mahmood ◽  
Dr. Huda Elias Ali ◽  
Dr. Haraa Khairi Abdul-Kadher
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Micro Organisms

Microbes are considered as the primary etiologic agents in endodontic diseases.Disinfection of the root canal is obtained by the combined effect of biomechanicalpreparation, irrigation and intra canal medicament. The aim of the present study wasto assess the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medicaments (formocresol andEndosepton) against two micro organisms (Streptococcus mutans and staphylococcusaureus) isolated from 15 necrotic pulps of primary molars indicated for pulpectomyprocedure. The samples were cultured, and purified using microbiological evaluation.Broth dilution test was performed in our study by preparing test tubes containing10 ml of BHI broth (pH. 7) which then inoculated with strains of the tested bacteriaand incubated at 37 C° for 24 h. After over night incubaction, ten fold dilution weremade in test tubes containing 9 ml of normal saline by adding 1 ml of the inoculum tothe first tube . Then from dilution 10-1 , 0.1 ml of cell suspension was added to 9.9 mlof formocresol and endosepton, then 0.1 ml was taken and spread on duplicates ofBHI agar plates at different intervals and incubated aerobically for 24 h. at 37 C°.Colonies on the plates were counted after incubation and CFU/mL (colony formingunit) was calculated. Our results indicating that there were no significant differencesbetween the intracanal medicaments, but there were high significant differencesbetween the intervals time of the study. We concluded that both materials had greatantibacterial effect against the pathogens commonly isolated from necrotic pulpaltissue of primary teeth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of acidogenesis products’ effect on biogas production performed with metagenomics and isotopic approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Detman ◽  
Michał Bucha ◽  
Laura Treu ◽  
Aleksandra Chojnacka ◽  
Łukasz Pleśniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Specific Species

Abstract Background During the acetogenic step of anaerobic digestion, the products of acidogenesis are oxidized to substrates for methanogenesis: hydrogen, carbon dioxide and acetate. Acetogenesis and methanogenesis are highly interconnected processes due to the syntrophic associations between acetogenic bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, allowing the whole process to become thermodynamically favorable. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the dominant acidic products on the metabolic pathways of methane formation and to find a core microbiome and substrate-specific species in a mixed biogas-producing system. Results Four methane-producing microbial communities were fed with artificial media having one dominant component, respectively, lactate, butyrate, propionate and acetate, for 896 days in 3.5-L Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) bioreactors. All the microbial communities showed moderately different methane production and utilization of the substrates. Analyses of stable carbon isotope composition of the fermentation gas and the substrates showed differences in average values of δ13C(CH4) and δ13C(CO2) revealing that acetate and lactate strongly favored the acetotrophic pathway, while butyrate and propionate favored the hydrogenotrophic pathway of methane formation. Genome-centric metagenomic analysis recovered 234 Metagenome Assembled Genomes (MAGs), including 31 archaeal and 203 bacterial species, mostly unknown and uncultivable. MAGs accounted for 54%–67% of the entire microbial community (depending on the bioreactor) and evidenced that the microbiome is extremely complex in terms of the number of species. The core microbiome was composed of Methanothrix soehngenii (the most abundant), Methanoculleus sp., unknown Bacteroidales and Spirochaetaceae. Relative abundance analysis of all the samples revealed microbes having substrate preferences. Substrate-specific species were mostly unknown and not predominant in the microbial communities. Conclusions In this experimental system, the dominant fermentation products subjected to methanogenesis moderately modified the final effect of bioreactor performance. At the molecular level, a different contribution of acetotrophic and hydrogenotrophic pathways for methane production, a very high level of new species recovered, and a moderate variability in microbial composition depending on substrate availability were evidenced. Propionate was not a factor ceasing methane production. All these findings are relevant because lactate, acetate, propionate and butyrate are the universal products of acidogenesis, regardless of feedstock.

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