Pathomorphosis of surgical lung diseases in children

1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
M. R. Rokitsky ◽  
A. V. Akinfiev ◽  
P. N. Grebnev ◽  
N. N. Molchanov ◽  
V. N. Poryvaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
General Change ◽  
Pulmonary Surgery ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Over Time

Pathomorphosis should be understood as a general change in morbidity, a series of shifts in the general characteristics of a disease occurring over time under the influence of environmental factors, mass prevention and treatment measures, changes in social and living conditions, etc. This report presents the results of a 25-year retrospective review of experience in paediatric pulmonary surgery.

scholarly journals ANÁLISIS LOCACIONAL DEL YACIMIENTO PALEOLÍTICO DE COVA EIRÓS (TRIACASTELA, LUGO)

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Author(s):  
MIKEL DÍAZ-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
RAMÓN FÁBREGAS-VALCARCE ◽  
ARTURO DE LOMBERA-HERMIDA ◽  
XOSÉ PEDRO RODRÍGUEZ-ÁLVAREZ
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Middle Palaeolithic ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Locational Analysis ◽  
Transit Routes ◽  
Over Time

In this paper, we deal with the locational analysis of the Cova Eirós site (Triacastela, Lugo), occupied from the Middle Palaeolithic to the present. From GIS and statistics, we intend to approach those environmental factors that define its importance as a place of occupation over time and on a recurring basis. Once we have analysed the variables that characterize the site’s patterns of use, we have verified that Cova Eirós is an important, prominent and strategic point. The place is very close to the potential transit routes and has great visibility. It is also protected and set on a steep slope. Moreover, the site has hunting resources and raw materials sources nearby. So it is a settlement that presents ideal living conditions for hunter-gatherer groups.

Associations between environmental factors, living conditions and mental health in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (08/09) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Penner ◽  
F Alaze ◽  
E Berens ◽  
A Ruhe ◽  
L Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Living Conditions

scholarly journals Decreased heritability and emergence of novel genetic effects on pulse wave velocity from youth to young adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yisong Huang ◽  
Shaoyong Su ◽  
Harold Snieder ◽  
Frank Treiber ◽  
Gaston Kapuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIncreased arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an important parameter in the assessment of cardiovascular risk. Our previous longitudinal study has demonstrated that carotid-distal PWV showed reasonable stability throughout youth and young adulthood. This stability might be driven by genetic factors that are expressed consistently over time. We aimed to illustrate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the stability of carotid-distal PWV from youth to young adulthood. We also examined potential ethnic differences. For this purpose, carotid-distal PWV was measured twice in 497 European American (EA) and African American (AA) twins, with an average interval time of 3 years. Twin modelling on PWV showed that heritability decreased over time (62–35%), with the nonshared environmental influences becoming larger. There was no correlation between the nonshared environmental factors on PWV measured at visit 1 and visit 2, with the phenotypic tracking correlation (r = 0.32) completely explained by shared genetic factors over time. Novel genetic influences were identified accounting for a significant part of the variance (19%) at the second measurement occasion. There was no evidence for ethnic differences. In summary, novel genetic effects appear during development into young adulthood and account for a considerable part of the variation in PWV. Environmental influences become larger with age for PWV.

Psychological prognosis after newly diagnosed chronic conditions: socio-demographic and clinical correlates

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Ju Chiu ◽  
Yu-Ching Hsu ◽  
Shuo-Ping Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTBackground:This study was aimed toward discerning depressive symptom trajectories associated with different chronic conditions and toward finding modifiable factors associated with those trajectories.Methods:Data were drawn from the 1996–2007 Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. Nine chronic conditions were selected, and mood trajectories were measured with the Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale.Results:Among the nine chronic conditions we examined, four patterns of depressive symptom trajectories were identified: (1) elevated depressive symptoms and worsened over time after diagnosed with heart disease (n= 681), arthritis (n= 850), or hypertension (n= 1,207); (2) elevated depressive symptoms without worsening over time after diagnosed with stroke (n= 160), lung diseases (n= 432), gastric conditions (n= 691), or liver diseases (n= 234); (3) no elevated depressive symptoms after diagnosis but an increase in depressive symptoms over time for participants with diabetes (n= 499); and (4) no significant patterns after diagnosed with cancer (n= 57). Cumulative psychological burden over time was significant for participants with hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, or arthritis. However, these effects disappeared after controlling for comorbidities and physical limitations. Moreover, psychiatric condition was found to play an important role in baseline depressive symptoms among participants diagnosed with lung diseases, arthritis, or liver diseases.Conclusions:Findings from this study provide information in addressing psychological burden at different times for different conditions. In addition, minimizing the incidence of comorbidities, physical limitations, or psychiatric conditions may have the prospective effect of avoiding the trend of increased depressive symptoms, especially when adults diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, arthritis, lung diseases, arthritis, or liver diseases.

Declining Clinical Autopsy Rates Versus Increasing Medicolegal Autopsy Rates in Halifax, Nova Scotia

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. 924-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marnie J. Wood ◽  
Ashim K. Guha
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Autopsy Rate ◽  
Autopsy Data ◽  
Medicolegal Autopsy ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The downward trend in the rate of clinical autopsies has been extensively documented in the literature. This decline is of concern when the benefits of the clinical autopsy are considered. In contrast, the rate of medicolegal autopsies has not been studied in such detail. What little reference there is to medicolegal autopsy rates suggests an absence of the same downward trend. A retrospective review of autopsy data over a 13-year period from the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of Nova Scotia was conducted. This review showed a difference between the rates of clinical and medicolegal autopsies for the metro Halifax area. The clinical autopsy rate was consistently less than 30% and declined to 15% in 1999, while the medicolegal autopsy rate was consistently greater than 40% and rose to 62% in 1999. The literature proposes many reasons for the decline in the clinical autopsy rate, but none for this difference between rates. The explanation proposed here is the changing and currently uncertain purpose of the clinical autopsy versus the clear, and consistent over time, purpose of the medicolegal autopsy.

scholarly journals Enabling out-of-clinic human immunity studies via single-cell profiling of capillary blood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Dobreva ◽  
David Brown ◽  
Jong Hwee Park ◽  
Matt Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Human Immune ◽  
Over Time

AbstractAn individual’s immune system is driven by both genetic and environmental factors that vary over time. To better understand the temporal and inter-individual variability of gene expression within distinct immune cell types, we developed a platform that leverages multiplexed single-cell sequencing and out-of-clinic capillary blood extraction to enable simplified, cost-effective profiling of the human immune system across people and time at single-cell resolution. Using the platform, we detect widespread differences in cell type-specific gene expression between subjects that are stable over multiple days.SummaryIncreasing evidence implicates the immune system in an overwhelming number of diseases, and distinct cell types play specific roles in their pathogenesis.1,2 Studies of peripheral blood have uncovered a wealth of associations between gene expression, environmental factors, disease risk, and therapeutic efficacy.4 For example, in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple mechanistic paths have been found that lead to disease, and gene expression of specific immune cell types can be used as a predictor of therapeutic non-response.12 Furthermore, vaccines, drugs, and chemotherapy have been shown to yield different efficacy based on time of administration, and such findings have been linked to the time-dependence of gene expression in downstream pathways.21,22,23 However, human immune studies of gene expression between individuals and across time remain limited to a few cell types or time points per subject, constraining our understanding of how networks of heterogeneous cells making up each individual’s immune system respond to adverse events and change over time.

SOMATOTYPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
E. Krukovich ◽  
N. Tumanova ◽  
G. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Hereditary Factors

Physical development (RF) is one of the main indicators of health status, largely due to hereditary factors, depends on the living conditions and upbringing, social and environmental factors [1,2,3,4]. This is especially important for children and adolescents in the process of growth and development. At the present stage of scientific research of RF in pediatrics, there is a transition from the analysis of average RF indicators to a personalized assessment [5,6].

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Predictors of Adolescent PTSD Symptom Trajectories Following a Natural Disaster

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheerin ◽  
Kovalchick ◽  
Overstreet ◽  
Rappaport ◽  
Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Environmental Predictors ◽  
Longitudinal Course ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Rare Genetic Variation ◽  
Over Time

: Genes, environmental factors, and their interplay affect posttrauma symptoms. Although environmental predictors of the longitudinal course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are documented, there remains a need to incorporate genetic risk into these models, especially in youth who are underrepresented in genetic studies. In an epidemiologic sample tornado-exposed adolescents (n = 707, 51% female, Mage = 14.54 years), trajectories of PTSD symptoms were examined at baseline and at 4-months and 12-months following baseline. This study aimed to determine if rare genetic variation in genes previously found in the sample to be related to PTSD diagnosis at baseline (MPHOSPH9, LGALS13, SLC2A2), environmental factors (disaster severity, social support), or their interplay were associated with symptom trajectories. A series of mixed effects models were conducted. Symptoms decreased over the three time points. Elevated tornado severity was associated with elevated baseline symptoms. Elevated recreational support was associated with lower baseline symptoms and attenuated improvement over time. Greater LGLAS13 variants attenuated symptom improvement over time. An interaction between MPHOSPH9 variants and tornado severity was associated with elevated baseline symptoms, but not change over time. Findings suggest the importance of rare genetic variation and environmental factors on the longitudinal course of PTSD symptoms following natural disaster trauma exposure.

Analysis of relationships between symptoms and environmental factors over time

1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta Robertson ◽  
Michael D. Lebowitz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Over Time
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