scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of specific preventive measures on the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis in the Altai Krai in 2000-2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-481
Author(s):  
I P Saldan ◽  
A V Timonin ◽  
S V Shirokostup ◽  
N V Luk’yanenko ◽  
B A Balandovich
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Aim. Analysis of the effectiveness of specific preventive measures against tick-borne viral encephalitis among the urban and rural population of the Altai Krai of different age groups in 2000-2017. Methods. The paper presents the results of a long-term epidemiological analysis of the incidence among urban and rural population of the Altai Krai of tick-borne viral encephalitis in 2000-2017, the calculation of absolute and relative indicators, long-standing dynamics of the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis in RF ad Altai Krai was evaluzted as well as summarized parameter of vaccination and revaccination. Statistical data processing was carried out in the program Statistica 12.0. Results. The study revealed an inverse moderate correlation between the factor of the volume of emergency prophylaxis and the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis among the population of the Altai Krai (r=-0.51; p

scholarly journals FEATURES OF SEASONAL MANIFESTATION OF BRUCELLOSIS INFECTION AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
K. M. Kurbonov ◽  
E. G. Simonova ◽  
N. N. Filatov
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work was to study modern manifestations of seasonal brucellosis among the population of the Republic of Tajikistan. The materials and methods: of the study were the official statistics, as well as the results of previously performed studies on the risk assessment of the incidence in population. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of annual incidence rate for the period from 1997 to 2016 was conducted, depending on the most significant social and environmental risk factors. Results. The article shows the impact on the annual incidence rate of socio-economic transformations, including the privatization of collective livestock farms, accompanied by the massive movement of farm animals to private ownership, the loss of practice in animal breeding, and changes in environmental and climatic conditions. Against the background of the intensification of sheep breeding, there is a tendency in seasonality smoothing and shifting the maximum levels of population incidence of brucellosis to the spring season. Conclusion. The modern features of seasonal manifestation of brucellosis infection in the Republic of Tajikistan make it necessary to apply a differentiated approach to planning and conducting preventive measures in various areas of the country.

scholarly journals CONGENITAL ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN OF UKRAINE: 25-YEAR MONITORING OF MORBIDITY AND PREVALENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 2193-2197
Author(s):  
Oleksandr P. Volosovets ◽  
Tetyana O. Kryuchko ◽  
Viktor L. Veselskyi ◽  
Sergii P. Kryvopustov ◽  
Tetiana M. Volosovets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Child Population ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Industrial Regions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Studies

The aim: Of the work was to study 25-year trends in the incidence of congenital anomalies in the child population of Ukraine in order to determine the impact of ecotoxic environmental factors on their development, in particular radiation. Materials and methods: Methods of statistical assessment, epidemiological analysis of materials at the Center for Medical Statistics of the MOH of Ukraine were used. Results: The rate of congenital anomalies growth for the recent 25 years has exceeded the growth rate of the total incidence in the child population of Ukraine by 1.6 times, occupying the leading place in Europe by the level of environment pollution. Over the last 25 years, the growth of the Ukrainian children’s congenital anomalies incidence level by 59.5% is observed, mostly in children from large industrial regions of Ukraine, due to the significant ecotoxic effect of pollutants on the child’s body. Children living permanently in the areas contaminated by the Chernobyl accident had significantly higher rates of congenital anomalies in 1986 than in the early 1990s, but over the recent 25 years the incidence in this contingent has decreased. Conclusions: The results of such long-term studies performed by a group of leading Ukrainian scientists from different regions of Ukraine indicate that in children experiencing negative effects of ecotoxic factors, including radiation, an increase in the detection and prevalence of congenital defects is observed, which requires complex international and intersectoral measures to prevent and reduce child mortality.

scholarly journals The Causes and Long-Term Consequences of Viral Encephalitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Bohmwald ◽  
Catalina A. Andrade ◽  
Nicolás M. S. Gálvez ◽  
Valentina P. Mora ◽  
José T. Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Stiff Neck ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Reports regarding brain inflammation, known as encephalitis, have shown an increasing frequency during the past years. Encephalitis is a relevant concern to public health due to its high morbidity and mortality. Infectious or autoimmune diseases are the most common cause of encephalitis. The clinical symptoms of this pathology can vary depending on the brain zone affected, with mild ones such as fever, headache, confusion, and stiff neck, or severe ones, such as seizures, weakness, hallucinations, and coma, among others. Encephalitis can affect individuals of all ages, but it is frequently observed in pediatric and elderly populations, and the most common causes are viral infections. Several viral agents have been described to induce encephalitis, such as arboviruses, rhabdoviruses, enteroviruses, herpesviruses, retroviruses, orthomyxoviruses, orthopneumovirus, and coronaviruses, among others. Once a neurotropic virus reaches the brain parenchyma, the resident cells such as neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, can be infected, promoting the secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules and the subsequent immune cell infiltration that leads to brain damage. After resolving the viral infection, the local immune response can remain active, contributing to long-term neuropsychiatric disorders, neurocognitive impairment, and degenerative diseases. In this article, we will discuss how viruses can reach the brain, the impact of viral encephalitis on brain function, and we will focus especially on the neurocognitive sequelae reported even after viral clearance.

scholarly journals A Microanalytical Simulation Model to Predict the Long-Term Evolution of Employment Biographies in Austria: The Demographics Module

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Wurzer ◽  
Reinhold Hatzinger
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Outcomes ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

The well-known problems of decreasing birth rates and population ageing represent a major challenge for the Austrian pension system. It is expected that the group of pensioners will grow steadily in the future, while the proportion of people that support them – the taxpayers – will shrink. In this regard, microsimulation provides a valuable tool to identify the impact of various policy measures. With microsimulation, it is not only possibleto predict cross-sectional data (e.g., the distribution of age groups in 2050), but also to simulate lifecourses of people, providing longitudinal outcomes. The demographics module is the first in a series of modules that are part of a microsimulation prototype. This prototype is being developed in order to predict the long-term evolution of Employment Biographies in Austria.

scholarly journals Dynamics of traumatism in adult population of the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
S. P Mironov ◽  
N. A Es’kin ◽  
T. M Andreeva ◽  
E. V Ogryzko ◽  
E. A Shelepova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
External Causes

Purpose: to study the dynamics of traumatism, to analyze the injury structure as well as the structure of mortality from external causes in adult population of the Russian Federation. Material and methods. Injury mortality and injury morbidity in adults were analyzed on the basis of official statistical data for the period 2013-2017. Results. The decline of indices with preservation of gender differences as well as the differences in both the age groups and between the urban and rural population was noticed. Conclusion. Development of complex preventive regional program is necessary to the decrease of traumatism and its negative sequels.

scholarly journals Impact of age on catheter ablation of premature ventricular contractions

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Badertscher ◽  
L John ◽  
J Payne ◽  
A Bainey ◽  
Y Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Ablation Success ◽  
Procedural Success ◽  
Sustained Success ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Catheter ablation (CA) of frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVC) is increasingly performed in older patients as the population ages. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of age on procedural characteristics, safety and efficacy on PVC ablations. Methods Consecutive patients with symptomatic PVCs undergoing CA between 2015 and 2020 were evaluated. Acute ablation success was defined as the elimination of PVCs at the end of the procedure. Sustained success was defined as an elimination of symptoms, and  ≥80% reduction of PVC burden determined by Holter-ECG during long-term follow. Patients were sub-grouped based on age (< 65 years vs. ≥ 65 years). Results A total of 114 patients were enrolled (median age 64 years, 71% males) and followed up for a median duration of 228 days. Baseline and procedural data were similar in both age groups. A left-sided origin of PVCs was more frequently observed in the elderly patient group compared to younger patients (83% vs. 67%, p = 0.04, Figure 1). The median procedure time was significantly shorter in elderly patients (160 min vs. 193 min, p = 0.02). The rates of both acute (86% vs. 92%, p = 0.32) and sustained success (70% vs. 71%, p = 0.90) were similar between groups. Complications rates (3.7%) did not differ between the two groups. Conclusion In a large series of patients with a variety of underlying arrhythmia substrates, similar rates of acute procedural success, complications, and ventricular arrhythmia-free-survival were observed after CA of PVCs. Older age alone should not be a reason to withhold CA of PVCs. Abstract Figure 1

scholarly journals Association of Mental Fatigue due to Long-term Restrictive Measures with Reasoning: A COVID-19 Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Manoochehri ◽  
Jakub Šrol ◽  
Fatemeh Asgharian Asl ◽  
Mona Mehdinasab ◽  
Zakiya Akhoundi
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Cognitive Reflection ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus Disease 2019 broke out in China at the end of 2019 and spread rapidly around the world. In response, many countries have adopted social distancing and lockdown measures. But restrictive measures resulted in many unwanted psychological consequences, including mental fatigue. Mental fatigue in turn is very likely to cause psychopathological disorders and cognitive malfunctions. A cognitive ability that is likely to be affected by mental fatigue is reasoning, while high reasoning ability is a prerequisite for compliance with restrictive measures. The present study aims to explore the association between mental fatigue and reasoning under the impact of long-term restrictive measures. The findings indicated that mental fatigue correlates negatively with cognitive reflection, while it has no significant association with general reasoning. The results also showed that mental fatigue correlates positively with the misperception of the preventive measures and negatively with the incomprehension of the restrictive measures. The implications of the results have been discussed.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF PERSONNEL POLICY ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ORGANIZATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
V. P. Basenko ◽  
V. A. Dianova
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Employee Survey ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Personnel Policy ◽  
New Employees ◽  
The Impact

Personnel policy defines the development and competitiveness of the organization. The purpose of this study is to analyze the staffing policies of the organization and development of recommendations for its development. Under the personnel policy, usually understand system of theoretical views, ideas, requirements, principles, defining the main directions of work with staff, its forms and methods. It determines the General direction for the long term, General and specific requirements for personnel. In large companies HR policy as the philosophy of the company is usually formally declared in detail is documented. In smaller firms it is typically not specifically developed, and exists as a system of informal attitudes of the owners. A comprehensive analysis of the personnel policy allows to make a conclusion about how its principles comply with General concept of development of the company. On the basis of the study the organization selects the most significant aspects that should be reflected in developing the strategy of personnel management. The study of statistical data, conducting employee survey helped to identify weaknesses in personnel policy the organization under study. Identified priority areas for development policy: improving the system of selection and adaptation of new employees; reducing staff turnover; improving organizational climate.

scholarly journals Epidemiological, ecological and clinico-laboratory characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Saint-Petersburg and suburb

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
V. V. Nechaev ◽  
I. I. Yarovayа ◽  
I. V. Gorbunova ◽  
O. V. Meo ◽  
I. P. Fedunjk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Clinical Infectious Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Cases ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

The goal is to identify the epidemiological, territorial-epidemiological, environmental, clinical and features of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in order to improve epidemiological surveillance in a large metropolis of the Northwestern Federal District.Materials and methods. An epidemiological analysis of cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in St. Petersburg for 2005–2019 was carried out and the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 135 patients hospitalized in the S.P. Botkin Clinical Infectious Disease Hospital were studied. 70 patients identified combined HFRS diseases associated with other pathogens of viral and bacterial nature. An epidemiological analysis of cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in St. Petersburg for 2005–2018 and long-term monitoring of the zoological, epizootological state of small mammals in several districts of St. Petersburg and its suburbs were carried out. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 135 patients were studied, of which 70 patients identified combined hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome diseases associated with other pathogens of a viral and bacterial nature. To assess the epizootological situation, trapped rodents were examined for the presence of viral antigen and antibodies using the method of indirect immunofluorescence with the Xantagnost diagnosticum and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.Results. The long-term dynamics of the incidence rate in St. Petersburg had a fluctuant rising character with two peaks. The proportion of diseases during the first rise was 11,5%, the second – 44,2% of the long-term incidence. Men prevailed in the age groups of 20-49 years without changes in periods. The proportion of women 20–49 years old was 20,7%, increased to 52,8 % in age groups over 50 years old. When distributed by month in a period of high incidence, the seasonal rise began in September with a peak in October. Infection with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome patients – residents of the city occurred mainly (with 35.5%), in the nearby territories of the Northwestern Federal District with 8.9% - in remote areas and with 5,9% in the countries of near and far abroad. The epidemiological situation in places of temporary residence and infection of people was characterized by an increase in the number of small mammals (redbacked voles) and, in particular, infection from 2,9 to 4,4%. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome diseases occurred in the form of moderate severity in 94,4% cases. Severe forms were found in only 5,6% of cases. In the structure of combined infection in 25,9–22,3%, there was a combination of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome with gastroenterocolitis and influenza, serologically confirmed. In 17,6% of cases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome was combined with other zoonoses (Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, pseudotuberculosis, leptospirosis, tularemia), in 17,6% with of various etiologies. The presence of combinations of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome with other infections complicates the clinical diagnosis. 

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